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标题: python - What is the most efficient way to loop through dataframes with pandas? [打印本页]

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作者: 菜鸟教程小白    时间: 2022-4-23 21:07
标题: python - What is the most efficient way to loop through dataframes with pandas?

I want to perform my own complex operations on financial data in dataframes in a sequential manner.

For example I am using the following MSFT CSV file taken from Yahoo Finance:

Date,Open,High,Low,Close,Volume,Adj Close
2011-10-19,27.37,27.47,27.01,27.13,42880000,27.13
2011-10-18,26.94,27.40,26.80,27.31,52487900,27.31
2011-10-17,27.11,27.42,26.85,26.98,39433400,26.98
2011-10-14,27.31,27.50,27.02,27.27,50947700,27.27

....

I then do the following:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from pandas import *

df = read_csv('table.csv')

for i, row in enumerate(df.values):
    date = df.index[i]
    open, high, low, close, adjclose = row
    #now perform analysis on open/close based on date, etc..

Is that the most efficient way? Given the focus on speed in pandas, I would assume there must be some special function to iterate through the values in a manner that one also retrieves the index (possibly through a generator to be memory efficient)? df.iteritems unfortunately only iterates column by column.

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Best Answer-推荐答案

Like what has been mentioned before, pandas object is most efficient when process the whole array at once. However for those who really need to loop through a pandas DataFrame to perform something, like me, I found at least three ways to do it. I have done a short test to see which one of the three is the least time consuming.

t = pd.DataFrame({'a': range(0, 10000), 'b': range(10000, 20000)})
B = []
C = []
A = time.time()
for i,r in t.iterrows():
    C.append((r['a'], r['b']))
B.append(time.time()-A)

C = []
A = time.time()
for ir in t.itertuples():
    C.append((ir[1], ir[2]))    
B.append(time.time()-A)

C = []
A = time.time()
for r in zip(t['a'], t['b']):
    C.append((r[0], r[1]))
B.append(time.time()-A)

print B

Result:

[0.5639059543609619, 0.017839908599853516, 0.005645036697387695]

This is probably not the best way to measure the time consumption but it's quick for me.

Here are some pros and cons IMHO:

• .iterrows(): return index and row items in separate variables, but significantly slower
• .itertuples(): faster than .iterrows(), but return index together with row items, ir[0] is the index
• zip: quickest, but no access to index of the row

EDIT 2020/11/10

For what it is worth, here is an updated benchmark with some other alternatives (perf with MacBookPro 2,4 GHz Intel Core i9 8 cores 32 Go 2667 MHz DDR4)

import sys
import tqdm
import time
import pandas as pd

B = []
t = pd.DataFrame({'a': range(0, 10000), 'b': range(10000, 20000)})
for _ in tqdm.tqdm(range(10)):
    C = []
    A = time.time()
    for i,r in t.iterrows():
        C.append((r['a'], r['b']))
    B.append({"method": "iterrows", "time": time.time()-A})

    C = []
    A = time.time()
    for ir in t.itertuples():
        C.append((ir[1], ir[2]))
    B.append({"method": "itertuples", "time": time.time()-A})

    C = []
    A = time.time()
    for r in zip(t['a'], t['b']):
        C.append((r[0], r[1]))
    B.append({"method": "zip", "time": time.time()-A})

    C = []
    A = time.time()
    for r in zip(*t.to_dict("list").values()):
        C.append((r[0], r[1]))
    B.append({"method": "zip + to_dict('list')", "time": time.time()-A})

    C = []
    A = time.time()
    for r in t.to_dict("records"):
        C.append((r["a"], r["b"]))
    B.append({"method": "to_dict('records')", "time": time.time()-A})

    A = time.time()
    t.agg(tuple, axis=1).tolist()
    B.append({"method": "agg", "time": time.time()-A})

    A = time.time()
    t.apply(tuple, axis=1).tolist()
    B.append({"method": "apply", "time": time.time()-A})

print(f'Python {sys.version} on {sys.platform}')
print(f"andas version {pd.__version__}")
print(
    pd.DataFrame(B).groupby("method").agg(["mean", "std"]).xs("time", axis=1).sort_values("mean")
)

## Output

Python 3.7.9 (default, Oct 13 2020, 10:58:24) 
[Clang 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.2)] on darwin
Pandas version 1.1.4
                           mean       std
method                                   
zip + to_dict('list')  0.002353  0.000168
zip                    0.003381  0.000250
itertuples             0.007659  0.000728
to_dict('records')     0.025838  0.001458
agg                    0.066391  0.007044
apply                  0.067753  0.006997
iterrows               0.647215  0.019600

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