java - Clicking button on second activity got error performing 'single click' or 'scroll to' on view

Question

Clicking a button in Espresso test got problem. Let's say I have two activities "Activity1" and "Activity2". Click a dialog OK button in Activity1 starts Activity2 where the button in Activity2 can't be clicked.

// The current activity in testing
// .....
onView(withText(R.string.dialog_btn_ok)).perform(click()); // go to the second activity

// The button on the second activity
onView(withId(R.id.btnMP)).check(matches(isDisplayed())); // this is ok
onView(withId(R.id.btnMP)).perform(click()); // got error here

android.support.test.espresso.PerformException: Error performing 'single click' on view 'with id: ..........

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be performed because the target view does not match one or more of the following constraints: at least 90 percent of the view's area is displayed to the user. Target view: "Button{id=2131296390, res-name=btnMP, visibility=VISIBLE, width=652, height=160, has-focus=false, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=true, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=true, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=20.0, y=-16.0, text=Modify Parameter, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}"

When I change this with perform(scrollTo()), a different error is shown.

// The button on the second activity
onView(withId(R.id.btnMP)).check(matches(isDisplayed())); // this is ok
onView(withId(R.id.btnMP)).perform(scrollTo(), click()); // got error here

android.support.test.espresso.PerformException: Error performing 'scroll to' on view 'with id ....

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be performed because the target view does not match one or more of the following constraints: (view has effective visibility=VISIBLE and is descendant of a: (is assignable from class: class android.widget.ScrollView or is assignable from class: class android.widget.HorizontalScrollView)) Target view: "Button{id=2131296390, res-name=btnMP, visibility=VISIBLE, width=652, height=160, has-focus=false, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=true, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=true, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=20.0, y=-16.0, text=Modify Parameter, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}" at

Answer 1

The solution is to create your custom GeneralClickAction with view visibility that you want to click less then Espresso's GeneralClickAction requires. Currently the minimum visibility value is 90% - see code here line 60. Set it to be 80% or less. Just copy the whole class rename it and change the value provided to this method to 80 isDisplayingAtLeast(80). Then create your click action that uses your custom GeneralClickAction:

  public static ViewAction customClick() {
      return actionWithAssertions(
          new CustomGeneralClickAction(Tap.SINGLE, GeneralLocation.VISIBLE_CENTER, Press.FINGER));
  }

But I'd rather fix the layout of the activity if possible to avoid creation of workaround for button visibility.