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javascript - What are the drawbacks of accessing DOM elements directly by ID?

Today I stumbled upon the possibility to access a DOM element in Javascript simply by its id e.g. like this:

elementid.style.backgroundColor = "blue"

I tested with a very short snippet if this works in IE, Firefox and Chrome - and it does. Here is the snippet I used:

<html><head>
<script>
    function highlight() {
        content.style.backgroundColor = "blue";
        content.style.color = "white";
    }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="content">test content</div>
    <div onclick="highlight()">highlight content</div>
</body></html>

So I wondered in which cases document.getElementById('elementid') should be used (or similar framework replacements like $()) and what are the drawbacks of the direct access.

I was not able to find any useful documentation on this. Everywhere either getElementById or framework methods are used.

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It is propriety Microsoft gubbins. It doesn't work in lots of browsers — especially in standards mode (and you want standards mode to avoid quirks mode inconsistencies such as IE getting width wrong).


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