python - Turtle Graphics: How to shift label upwards?

Question

I am learning Python and am trying to edit the code which has the following error:

Each height label is partly covered by the top segment of its bar. Can you modify the drawBar code, moving the label up slightly but not changing the bar? Hint: The label cannot be drawn during the polygon fill sequence.

I have tried to def a new function, but that didn't work. Can you locate the error/edit?

def drawBar(t, height):
    """ Get turtle t to draw one bar, of height. """
    t.begin_fill()               # start filling this shape
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(height)
    t.write(str(height))
    t.right(90)
    t.forward(40)
    t.right(90)
    t.forward(height)
    t.left(90)
    t.end_fill()                 # stop filling this shape

xs = [48, 117, 200, 240, 160, 260, 220]  # here is the data
maxheight = max(xs)
numbars = len(xs)
border = 10

wn = turtle.Screen()             # Set up the window and its attributes
wn.setworldcoordinates(0-border, 0-border, 40*numbars+border, maxheight+border)
wn.bgcolor("lightgreen")

tess = turtle.Turtle()           # create tess and set some attributes
tess.color("blue")
tess.fillcolor("red")
tess.pensize(3)

for a in xs:
    drawBar(tess, a)

wn.exitonclick()

question from:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65929988/turtle-graphics-how-to-shift-label-upwards

Answer 1

If you want to move up then set pen up, move forward, write text, move back, set pet down.

t.penup()
t.forward(2)
t.write(str(height))
t.forward(-2)
t.pendown() 

---

Minimale working code

import turtle

def drawBar(t, height):
    """ Get turtle t to draw one bar, of height. """
    t.begin_fill()               # start filling this shape
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(height)
    
    t.penup()
    t.forward(2)
    t.write(str(height))
    t.forward(-2)
    t.pendown()

    t.right(90)
    t.forward(40)
    t.right(90)
    t.forward(height)
    t.left(90)
    t.end_fill()              # stop filling this shape

xs = [48, 117, 200, 240, 160, 260, 220]  # here is the data
maxheight = max(xs)
numbars = len(xs)
border = 10

wn = turtle.Screen()             # Set up the window and its attributes
wn.setworldcoordinates(0-border, 0-border, 40*numbars+border, maxheight+border)
wn.bgcolor("lightgreen")

tess = turtle.Turtle()           # create tess and set some attributes
tess.color("blue")
tess.fillcolor("red")
tess.pensize(3)

for a in xs:
    drawBar(tess, a)

wn.exitonclick()

---

EDIT:

If you want to move up and right

t.penup()

t.forward(2)
t.right(90)
t.forward(3)

t.write(str(height))

t.forward(-3)
t.right(-90)
t.forward(-2)

t.pendown()