encoding - Difference between Unicode, UTF-8 and code pages

Question

Can anyone explain me what is the difference between Unicode, UTF-8 and code pages? Are they related to each other?

question from:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65837817/difference-between-unicode-utf-8-and-code-pages

Answer 1

Unicode defines a numeric value (codepoint) for every character.

Codepage/charset encodings define the relationship between bytes and Unicode codepoints. Since files generally consist of bytes, this is a useful thing to nail down.

UTF-8 is a specific byte encoding for Unicode codepoints. For instance, on Windows it is implemented as codepage 65001.