You can use this DAX formula to obtain the expected result:
Desired Column =
IF(
CONTAINSSTRING( 'Table'[ITEM], "TP" ), "YES",
IF(
CONTAINSSTRING( 'Table'[ITEM], "TP-" ), "YES",
IF(
CONTAINSSTRING( 'Table'[ITEM], "-A" ), "YES", "NO"
)
)
)
Just to mention, the "TP-" condition is not needed because you have the "TP" condition. I just added to keep your logic.
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