This is what's known as a destructuring assignment, and it's a new feature of JavaScript 1.7 (and ECMAScript 6) (Currently, only available as part of the Firefox JavaScript engine.) Roughly, it would translate into this:
var ActionButton = require("sdk/ui/button/action").ActionButton;
It seems silly in this example, as there's only one item being assigned. However, you'd be able to use this pattern to assign multiple variables at once:
{x, y} = foo;
Is the equivalent to:
x = foo.x;
y = foo.y;
This can also be used for arrays. For example, you could easily swap two values without using a temporary variable:
var a = 1;
var b = 3;
[a, b] = [b, a];
Browser support can be tracked using kangax' ES6 compatibility table.
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