networking - Python socket receive - incoming packets always have a different size

Question

I'm using the SocketServer module for a TCP server. I'm experiencing some issue here with the recv() function, because the incoming packets always have a different size, so if I specify recv(1024) (I tried with a bigger value, and smaller), it gets stuck after 2 or 3 requests because the packet length will be smaller (I think), and then the server gets stuck until a timeout.

class Test(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):

def handle(self):

   print "From:", self.client_address

   while True:    

     data = self.request.recv(1024)
     if not data: break

     if data[4] == "x20":              
       self.request.sendall("hello")
     if data[4] == "x21":
       self.request.sendall("bye")
     else:
       print "unknow packet"
   self.request.close()
   print "Disconnected", self.client_address

launch = SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer(('', int(sys.argv[1])),Test)

launch.allow_reuse_address= True;

launch.serve_forever()

If the client sends multiples requests over the same source port, but the server gets stuck, any help would be very appreciated, thank !

Answer 1

The answer by Larry Hastings has some great general advice about sockets, but there are a couple of mistakes as it pertains to how the recv(bufsize) method works in the Python socket module.

So, to clarify, since this may be confusing to others looking to this for help:

1. The bufsize param for the recv(bufsize) method is not optional. You'll get an error if you call recv() (without the param).
2. The bufferlen in recv(bufsize) is a maximum size. The recv will happily return fewer bytes if there are fewer available.

See the documentation for details.

Now, if you're receiving data from a client and want to know when you've received all of the data, you're probably going to have to add it to your protocol -- as Larry suggests. See this recipe for strategies for determining end of message.

As that recipe points out, for some protocols, the client will simply disconnect when it's done sending data. In those cases, your while True loop should work fine. If the client does not disconnect, you'll need to figure out some way to signal your content length, delimit your messages, or implement a timeout.

I'd be happy to try to help further if you could post your exact client code and a description of your test protocol.