In my opinion, the best way is with libdispatch, aka Grand Central Dispatch (GCD). It limits you to iOS 4 and greater, but it's just so simple and easy to use. The code to do some processing on a background thread and then do something with the results in the main run loop is incredibly easy and compact:
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
// Add code here to do background processing
//
//
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
// Add code here to update the UI/send notifications based on the
// results of the background processing
});
});
If you haven't done so already, check out the videos from WWDC 2010 on libdispatch/GCD/blocks.
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