r - ggplot centered names on a map

Question

I'm attempting to use ggplot2 and maps to plot the names of the counties in NY state. My approach was to find the means of latitude and longitude by county (I assume this is the center of the county but this may be faulty thinking) and then use geom_text to plot the names on the map. It's not behaving as I anticipated as it's plotting multiple names per county.

The outcome I'm looking for is that the center of each text (county) is at the center of it's respective county.

In addition to solving the problem I'd appreciate helping to understand what's wrong with my thinking with ggplot.

Thank you in advance.

library(ggplot2); library(maps)

county_df <- map_data('county')  #mappings of counties by state
ny <- subset(county_df, region=="new york")   #subset just for NYS
ny$county <- ny$subregion
cnames <- aggregate(cbind(long, lat) ~ subregion, data=ny, FUN=mean)

p <- ggplot(ny, aes(long, lat, group=group)) +  geom_polygon(colour='black', fill=NA) 
p #p of course plots as expected

#now add some county names (3 wrong attempts)
p + geom_text(aes(long, lat, data = cnames, label = subregion, size=.5)) #not correct

#I said maybe I'm confusing it with the same names for different data sets
names(cnames) <-c('sr', 'Lo', 'La')
p + geom_text(Lo, La, data = cnames, label = sr, aes(size=.5)) #attempt 2
p + geom_text(aes(Lo, La, data = cnames, label = sr, size=.5)) #attempt 3

Answer 1

Since you are creating two layers (one for the polygons and the second for the labels), you need to specify the data source and mapping correctly for each layer:

ggplot(ny, aes(long, lat)) +  
    geom_polygon(aes(group=group), colour='black', fill=NA) +
    geom_text(data=cnames, aes(long, lat, label = subregion), size=2)

Note:

• Since long and lat occur in both data frames, you can use aes(long, lat) in the first call to ggplot. Any mapping you declare here is available to all layers.
• For the same reason, you need to declare aes(group=group) inside the polygon layer.
• In the text layer, you need to move the data source outside the aes.

Once you've done that, and the map plots, you'll realize that the midpoint is better approximated by the mean of range, and to use a map coordinate system that respects the aspect ratio and projection:

cnames <- aggregate(cbind(long, lat) ~ subregion, data=ny, 
                    FUN=function(x)mean(range(x)))

ggplot(ny, aes(long, lat)) +  
    geom_polygon(aes(group=group), colour='black', fill=NA) +
    geom_text(data=cnames, aes(long, lat, label = subregion), size=2) +
    coord_map()