cpu architecture - Write-back vs Write-Through caching?

Question

My understanding is that the main difference between the two methods is that in "write-through" method data is written to the main memory through the cache immediately, while in "write-back" data is written in a "later time".

We still need to wait for the memory in "later time" so What is the benefit of "write-through"?

Answer 1

The benefit of write-through to main memory is that it simplifies the design of the computer system. With write-through, the main memory always has an up-to-date copy of the line. So when a read is done, main memory can always reply with the requested data.

If write-back is used, sometimes the up-to-date data is in a processor cache, and sometimes it is in main memory. If the data is in a processor cache, then that processor must stop main memory from replying to the read request, because the main memory might have a stale copy of the data. This is more complicated than write-through.

Also, write-through can simplify the cache coherency protocol because it doesn't need the Modify state. The Modify state records that the cache must write back the cache line before it invalidates or evicts the line. In write-through a cache line can always be invalidated without writing back since memory already has an up-to-date copy of the line.

One more thing - on a write-back architecture software that writes to memory-mapped I/O registers must take extra steps to make sure that writes are immediately sent out of the cache. Otherwise writes are not visible outside the core until the line is read by another processor or the line is evicted.