IIRC, it is against Windows Live privacy policy to release the user's name or email address as claims (unlike Gmail or Yahoo!). As such, it is not possible to get those claims from Live (unless you happen to be Microsoft).
The only value you can get is called a name identifier. It is unique per RP domain (i.e. it is not a single value per LiveID, but differs by domain). This is also intentional so that you cannot have different websites collaborating to track a user. Typically, you would get the name identifier (called a PUID) and then stick that in your database somewhere so you know that you have seen it before. Then the user registers on your side with name, email, etc. and you correlate that with the PUID.
On the other hand, LiveId also supports OAuth2, so you can get whatever user profile information you need from the user (with his/her consent). See here.
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