linux - How to compile glibc 32bit on an x86_64 machine

Question

I'm trying to compile glibc (as a secondary, not a system replacement) 2.6 on an x86_64, and trying to get it to produce 32-bit objects. When I give it a standard configure, it compiles fine, producing the usual 64-bit library objects. Some info:

$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 #1 SMP Wed Jan 20 07:32:21 
EST 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 5.4 (Final)

Among other things, I've tried the following:

Attempt 1:

$ # [in build/glibc-2.6]
$ ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
                                --with-cpu=i386-pc-linux-gnu

...

checking sysdep dirs... configure: error: The i386-pc-linux-gnu
subspecies of x86_64 is not supported."

Attempt 2:

$ ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
                                --host=i386-pc-linux-gnu

...

$ make

The configure succeeds, but make causes a stream of compilation errors which all look like this:

nptl/sysdeps/i386/tls.h:65:3: error: #error "TLS support is required."
In file included from include/tls.h:6,
                 from sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/sysdep.h:30,
                 from <stdin>:1:

I get the same result if I add --with-tls, and/or --target=i386-pc-linux-gnu.

[EDIT: It looks like I was confusing --target for --build. I tried adding --build=i386-pc-linux-gnu instead, and also for all of the other attempts where I tried --target. In all cases, I got exactly the same result as before.]

Attempt 3:

$ CFLAGS=-m32 
  ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
                                --host=i386-pc-linux-gnu 

... 

In file included from ./../include/libc-symbols.h:55,
                 from <command line>:1:
/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/config.h:3:3: error: #error "glibc cannot be 
compiled without optimization"

Again, the same thing happens with --with-tls

Attempt 4:

$ CFLAGS="-m32 -O2" 
  ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
                                --host=i386-pc-linux-gnu 

... 

gcc ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/sysdep.S -c  -I../include 
    -I/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/csu 
    -I/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6 -I../sysdeps/i386/elf 
    -I../nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386 
    -I../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386 
    -I../nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux 
    -I../nptl/sysdeps/pthread -I../sysdeps/pthread 
    -I../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux -I../sysdeps/gnu 
    -I../sysdeps/unix/common -I../sysdeps/unix/mman 
    -I../sysdeps/unix/inet -I../sysdeps/unix/sysv/i386 
    -I../nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv -I../sysdeps/unix/sysv 
    -I../sysdeps/unix/i386 -I../nptl/sysdeps/unix 
    -I../sysdeps/unix -I../sysdeps/posix 
    -I../sysdeps/i386/fpu -I../nptl/sysdeps/i386 
    -I../sysdeps/i386 -I../sysdeps/wordsize-32 
    -I../sysdeps/ieee754/ldbl-96 
    -I../sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64 
    -I../sysdeps/ieee754/flt-32 -I../sysdeps/ieee754 
    -I../sysdeps/generic/elf -I../sysdeps/generic 
    -I../nptl  -I.. -I../libio -I. 
    -D_LIBC_REENTRANT -include ../include/libc-symbols.h 
    -DHAVE_INITFINI -DASSEMBLER 
    -I/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/csu/. -DGAS_SYNTAX 
    -Wa,--noexecstack 
    -o /home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/csu/sysdep.o 
    -MD -MP 
    -MF /home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/csu/sysdep.o.dt 
    -MT /home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/csu/sysdep.o

../sysdeps/unix/i386/sysdep.S: Assembler messages:
../sysdeps/unix/i386/sysdep.S:51: Error: @NTPOFF reloc is not supported 
with 64-bit output format
../sysdeps/unix/i386/sysdep.S:51: Error: junk `@NTPOFF' after expression

I feel like this should be easier. Am I missing something?

If you need any more information, let me know and I'll provide it.

[EDIT]

Attempt 5 (suggested by EmployedRussian)

$ ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
     CC="gcc -m32" CXX="g++ -m32" i686-linux-gnu

... 

gcc -m32   -nostdlib -nostartfiles -shared 
    -o /home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/ld.so
    -Wl,-z,combreloc -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,--hash-style=both -Wl,-z,defs
    /home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/librtld.os 
    -Wl,--version-script=/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/ld.map 
    -Wl,-soname=ld-linux.so.2 
    -T /home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/ld.so.lds
/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/librtld.os: In function `add_dependency':
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-lookup.c:106: undefined reference to `__sync_fetch_and_add_4'
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-lookup.c:110: undefined reference to `__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4'
/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/librtld.os: In function `_dl_profile_fixup':
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-runtime.c:196: undefined reference to `__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4'
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-runtime.c:205: undefined reference to `__sync_fetch_and_add_4'
/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/librtld.os: In function `_dl_fixup':
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-runtime.c:102: undefined reference to `__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4'
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-runtime.c:110: undefined reference to `__sync_fetch_and_add_4'
/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/librtld.os: In function `dl_open_worker':
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-open.c:425: undefined reference to `__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4'
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-open.c:427: undefined reference to `__sync_fetch_and_add_4'
/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/librtld.os: In function `_dl_close_worker':
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-close.c:407: undefined reference to `__sync_val_compare_and_swap_4'
/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf/dl-close.c:409: undefined reference to `__sync_fetch_and_add_4'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [/home/USER/build/glibc32-2.6/elf/ld.so] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6/elf'
make[1]: *** [elf/subdir_lib] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/USER/src/glibc-2.6'
make: *** [all] Error 2

This time the build runs successfully for a long time before it reaches an error. I did a search and found something suggesting that I add a "-march" flag, which I did. This finally worked:

Attempt 6:

$ ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
     CC="gcc -m32" CXX="g++ -m32" 
     CFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686" 
     CXXFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686" 
     i686-linux-gnu

Thanks everyone!

Answer 1

I edited the question, but then I realized the proper way is to add an answer. Here's what finally worked:

 $ ../../src/glibc-2.6/configure --prefix=$HOME/glibc32-2.6 
     --host=i686-linux-gnu 
     --build=i686-linux-gnu 
     CC="gcc -m32" CXX="g++ -m32" 
     CFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686" 
     CXXFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686"

I think putting -m32 in CC and CXX instead of CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS was important because there was at least one compile operation during the make which didn't use CFLAGS or CXXFLAGS, and -m32 absolutely has to always be there. Not sure why -march=i686 was necessary (given the -m32 parts and the --host/build options), but it was.