ios - 试图制造我可以从下面跳过但可以降落在上面的平台。无法微调逻辑
<p><p>我的目标是在 .sks 文件中设置我的所有平台，以便更轻松地设计我的关卡。</p>
<hr/>
<p>这是在游戏 scene.swift 的顶部在 didMove 之前声明的:</p>
<pre><code>private var JumpThroughPlatformObject = SKSpriteNode()
</code></pre>
<p>这是在 DidMove 中:</p>
<pre><code>if let JumpThroughPlatformObjectNode = self.childNode(withName: "//jumpThroughPlatform1") as? SKSpriteNode {
JumpThroughPlatformObject = JumpThroughPlatformObjectNode}
</code></pre>
<p>我引用平台以从 .sks 中获取它的高度，因为我的所有平台都将是相同的高度，我只需要从一个中获取它。</p>
<p>下面是我试图在我的更新方法中使用来关闭碰撞，直到我的播放器完全位于平台之上。仅检查我的玩家速度是否大于零的主要问题是:玩家是否处于跳跃的峰值(他的速度减慢到零)。如果发生这种情况并且玩家在一个平台内，他要么立即弹到平台顶部，要么向下发射。</p>
<p>我不希望我的平台必须是 1 像素高的线。我还需要让玩家拥有一个完整的碰撞盒，因为他将与其他类型的环境进行交互。这让我相信我只需要将平台的顶部注册为碰撞盒，而不是整个平台。 </p>
<p>我写的这个 if 语句应该采用平台的 y 位置并将其高度的一半添加到它，因为 y 位置基于 Sprite 的中心，我认为这会将平台的碰撞放在它的顶部边界。</p>
<p>我对播放器做了同样的事情，但反过来。将玩家碰撞仅放在其边界的底部。但它不能完美地工作，我现在不知道为什么。</p>
<pre><code>if (JumpThroughPlatformObject.position.y + (JumpThroughPlatformObject.size.height / 2)) > (player.position.y - (player.size.height / 2))
</code></pre>
<p>下面的函数给了我三个主要问题:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>我的玩家跳跃总是 dy = 80。如果我要跳到那个 position.y = 90 的平台，玩家跳跃的高峰会停在平台中间，但他会传送到而不是继续倒在地上。</p></li>
<li><p>如果我摔倒，平台的左右边缘仍然会与玩家完全碰撞</p></li>
<li><p>如果我的播放器在一个平台上，而我正上方有另一个播放器，则播放器无法跳过它。</p>
<p>设零:CGFloat = 0</p>
<pre><code> if let body = player.physicsBody {
let dy = player.physicsBody?.velocity.dy
// when I jump dy is greater than zero else I'm falling
if (dy! >= zero) {
if (JumpThroughPlatformObject.position.y + (JumpThroughPlatformObject.size.height / 2)) > (player.position.y - (player.size.height / 2)) {
print(" platform y: \(JumpThroughPlatformObject.position.y)")
print ("player position: \(player.position.y)")
// Prevent collisions if the hero is jumping
body.collisionBitMask = CollisionTypes.saw.rawValue | CollisionTypes.ground.rawValue
}
}
else {
// Allow collisions if the hero is falling
body.collisionBitMask = CollisionTypes.platform.rawValue | CollisionTypes.ground.rawValue | CollisionTypes.saw.rawValue
}
}
</code></pre> </li>
</ol>
<p>任何建议将不胜感激。这几天我一直在扯头发。</p>
<p>在 didBegin 和 didEnd 中编辑:</p>
<pre><code> func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
if let body = player.physicsBody {
let dy = player.physicsBody?.velocity.dy
let platform = JumpThroughPlatformObject
let zero:CGFloat = 0
if contact.bodyA.node == player {
// playerCollided(with: contact.bodyB.node!)
if (dy! > zero || body.node!.intersects(platform)) && ((body.node?.position.y)! - player.size.height / 2 < platform.position.y + platform.size.height / 2) {
body.collisionBitMask &= ~CollisionTypes.platform.rawValue
}
} else if contact.bodyB.node == player {
//playerCollided(with: contact.bodyA.node!)
isPlayerOnGround = true
if (dy! > zero || body.node!.intersects(platform)) && ((body.node?.position.y)! - player.size.height / 2 < platform.position.y + platform.size.height / 2) {
body.collisionBitMask &= ~CollisionTypes.platform.rawValue}
}
}
}
func didEnd(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
if let body = player.physicsBody {
// let dy = player.physicsBody?.velocity.dy
// let platform = JumpThroughPlatformObject
if contact.bodyA.node == player {
body.collisionBitMask |= CollisionTypes.platform.rawValue
}else if contact.bodyB.node == player {
body.collisionBitMask |= CollisionTypes.platform.rawValue
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>添加我所做的，玩家不能再跳过平台。</p></p>
<br><hr><h1><strong>Best Answer-推荐答案</ strong></h1><br>
<p><p>这是我为 macOS 和 iOS 目标制作的项目的链接:<br/>
<a href="https://github.com/fluidityt/JumpUnderPlatform" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">https://github.com/fluidityt/JumpUnderPlatform</a> </p>
<p>基本上，这一切都与</p>
<ol>
<li>检测平台碰撞</li>
<li>然后判断你的播放器是否在平台下</li>
<li>让您的玩家通过平台(然后登陆平台)</li>
</ol>
<p>--</p>
<p>SK Physics 使这有点复杂:</p>
<ol start="4">
<li><p>在碰撞检测中，您的播放器的 <code>.position.y</code> 或 <code>.velocity.dy</code>
可能已经更改为“假”状态，以满足上面的 #2 检查(意味着 #3 永远不会发生)。此外，您的播放器会在第一次接触时从平台反弹。</p></li>
<li><p>没有“自动”的方式来确定你的玩家何时完成通过物体(从而允许玩家降落在平台上)</p></li>
</ol>
<p>--</p>
<p>因此，为了让一切顺利进行，必须使用一点创造力和独创性!</p>
<hr/>
<h1>1:检测平台碰撞:</h1>
<p>所以，解决1是最简单的:我们只需要使用内置的<code>didBegin(contact:)</code></p>
<p>我们将严重依赖 3 大位掩码、联系人、类别和碰撞:</p>
<p><em>(仅供引用，我不喜欢在物理中使用枚举和位数学，因为我是个叛逆的白痴)</em>:</p>
<pre><code>struct BitMasks {
static let playerCategory = UInt32(2)
static let jupCategory = UInt32(4) // JUP = JumpUnderPlatform
}
override func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
// Crappy way to do "bit-math":
let contactedSum = contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask + contact.bodyB.categoryBitMask
switch contactedSum {
case BitMasks.jupCategory + BitMasks.playerCategory:
// ...
}
</code></pre>
<p>--</p>
<p>现在，你说你想使用 SKSEditor，所以我已经适应了你:</p>
<p> <a href="/image/qDEYu.png" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"><img src="/image/qDEYu.png" alt="enter image description here"/></a>
<a href="/image/yRY1j.png" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"><img src="/image/yRY1j.png" alt="enter image description here"/></a>
<a href="/image/BTi4E.png" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"><img src="/image/BTi4E.png" alt="enter image description here"/></a>
<a href="/image/LP8vY.png" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"><img src="/image/LP8vY.png" alt="enter image description here"/></a> </p>
<pre><code>// Do all the fancy stuff you want here...
class JumpUnderPlatform: SKSpriteNode {
var pb: SKPhysicsBody { return self.physicsBody! } // If you see this on a crash, then WHY DOES JUP NOT HAVE A PB??
// NOTE: I could not properly configure any SKNode properties here..
// it's like they all get RESET if you put them in here...
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) { super.init(coder: aDecoder) }
}
</code></pre>
<p>--</p>
<h1>现在给玩家:</h1>
<pre><code>class Player: SKSpriteNode {
// If you see this on a crash, then WHY DOES PLAYER NOT HAVE A PB??
var pb: SKPhysicsBody { return self.physicsBody! }
static func makePlayer() -> Player {
let newPlayer = Player(color: .blue, size: CGSize(width: 50, height: 50))
let newPB = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: newPlayer.size)
newPB.categoryBitMask = BitMasks.playerCategory
newPB.usesPreciseCollisionDetection = true
newPlayer.physicsBody = newPB
newPlayer.position.y -= 200 // For demo purposes.
return newPlayer
}
}
</code></pre>
<hr/>
<hr/>
<h1>2。 (并处理#4):确定是否在接触平台下:</h1>
<p>有很多方法可以做到这一点，但我选择使用 KOD 提到的 <code>player.pb.velocity.dy</code> 方法来跟踪玩家的位置......如果你的 dy 是超过 0，那么你在跳跃(在平台下)，如果不是，那么你要么静止不动，要么跌倒(需要与平台接触并坚持下去)。</p>
<p>要实现这一点，我们必须掌握更多技术知识，因为物理系统和 SK 在其循环中的工作方式并不总是 100% 与我们<em>认为</em>应该工作的方式相吻合. </p>
<p>基本上，我必须为播放器创建一个 <code>initialDY</code> 属性，该属性在 <code>update</code></p> 中的每一帧中不断更新
<p><code>initialDY</code> 将为我们提供第一次接触平台所需的正确数据，让我们告诉我们更改碰撞掩码，并将玩家的 CURRENT dy 重置为首字母 dy(因此玩家不会反弹)。</p>
<hr/>
<h1>3。 (并处理#5):允许玩家通过平台</h1>
<p>要通过平台，我们需要使用 <code>collisionBitMasks</code>。我选择让玩家的碰撞 mask= 玩家的 categoryMask，这可能不是正确的做法，但它适用于这个演示。 </p>
<p>你会在 <code>didBegin</code> 中得到这样的魔法:</p>
<pre><code>// Check if jumping; if not, then just land on platform normally.
guard player.initialDY > 0 else { return }
// Gives us the ability to pass through the platform!
player.pb.collisionBitMask = BitMasks.playerCategory
</code></pre>
<p>现在，处理 #5 将需要我们向我们的播放器类添加另一个状态。我们需要临时存储接触到的平台，以便我们可以检查播放器是否已成功完成通过平台(所以我们可以重置碰撞掩码)</p>
<p>然后我们只需检查 <code>didFinishUpdate</code> 是否玩家的框架高于该平台，如果是，我们重置掩码。</p>
<p>这里是所有文件，还有一个github链接:<br/>
<a href="https://github.com/fluidityt/JumpUnderPlatform" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">https://github.com/fluidityt/JumpUnderPlatform</a> </p>
<hr/>
<hr/>
<h1>Player.swift:</h1>
<pre><code>class Player: SKSpriteNode {
// If you see this on a crash, then WHY DOES PLAYER NOT HAVE A PB??
var pb: SKPhysicsBody { return self.physicsBody! }
// This is set when we detect contact with a platform, but are underneath it (jumping up)
weak var platformToPassThrough: JumpUnderPlatform?
// For use inside of gamescene's didBeginContact (because current DY is altered by the time we need it)
var initialDY = CGFloat(0)
}
// MARK: - Funkys:
extension Player {
static func makePlayer() -> Player {
let newPlayer = Player(color: .blue, size: CGSize(width: 50, height: 50))
let newPB = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: newPlayer.size)
newPB.categoryBitMask = BitMasks.playerCategory
newPB.usesPreciseCollisionDetection = true
newPlayer.physicsBody = newPB
newPlayer.position.y -= 200 // For demo purposes.
return newPlayer
}
func isAbovePlatform() -> Bool {
guard let platform = platformToPassThrough else { fatalError("wtf is the platform!") }
if frame.minY > platform.frame.maxY { return true}
else { return false }
}
func landOnPlatform() {
print("resetting stuff!")
platformToPassThrough = nil
pb.collisionBitMask = BitMasks.jupCategory
}
}
// MARK: - Player GameLoop:
extension Player {
func _update() {
// We have to keep track of this for proper detection of when to pass-through platform
initialDY = pb.velocity.dy
}
func _didFinishUpdate() {
// Check if we need to reset our collision mask (allow us to land on platform again)
if platformToPassThrough != nil {
if isAbovePlatform() { landOnPlatform() }
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<hr/>
<hr/>
<h1>JumpUnderPlatform 和 BitMasks.swift(分别:)</h1>
<pre><code>// Do all the fancy stuff you want here...
class JumpUnderPlatform: SKSpriteNode {
var pb: SKPhysicsBody { return self.physicsBody! } // If you see this on a crash, then WHY DOES JUP NOT HAVE A PB??
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) { super.init(coder: aDecoder) }
}
struct BitMasks {
static let playerCategory = UInt32(2)
static let jupCategory = UInt32(4)
}
</code></pre>
<hr/>
<hr/>
<h1>GameScene.swift:</h1>
<p>-</p>
<p>确保您的 SKS 编辑器中有两个节点:
<a href="/image/N6mfI.png" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"><img src="/image/N6mfI.png" alt="enter image description here"/></a>
<a href="/image/hbMPQ.png" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"><img src="/image/hbMPQ.png" alt="enter image description here"/></a> </p>
<p>-</p>
<pre><code>// MARK: - Props:
class GameScene: SKScene, SKPhysicsContactDelegate {
// Because I hate crashes related to spelling errors.
let names = (jup: "jup", resetLabel: "resetLabel")
let player = Player.makePlayer()
}
// MARK: - Physics handling:
extension GameScene {
private func findJup(contact: SKPhysicsContact) -> JumpUnderPlatform? {
guard let nodeA = contact.bodyA.node, let nodeB = contact.bodyB.node else { fatalError("how did this happne!!??") }
if nodeA.name == names.jup { return (nodeA as! JumpUnderPlatform) }
else if nodeB.name == names.jup { return (nodeB as! JumpUnderPlatform) }
else { return nil }
}
// Player is 2, platform is 4:
private func doContactPlayer_X_Jup(platform: JumpUnderPlatform) {
// Check if jumping; if not, then just land on platform normally.
guard player.initialDY > 0 else { return }
// Gives us the ability to pass through the platform!
player.physicsBody!.collisionBitMask = BitMasks.playerCategory
// Will push the player through the platform (instead of bouncing off) on first hit
if player.platformToPassThrough == nil { player.pb.velocity.dy = player.initialDY }
player.platformToPassThrough = platform
}
func _didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
// Crappy way to do bit-math:
let contactedSum = contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask + contact.bodyB.categoryBitMask
switch contactedSum {
case BitMasks.jupCategory + BitMasks.playerCategory:
guard let platform = findJup(contact: contact) else { fatalError("must be platform!") }
doContactPlayer_X_Jup(platform: platform)
// Put your other contact cases here...
// case BitMasks.xx + BitMasks.yy:
default: ()
}
}
}
// MARK: - Game loop:
extension GameScene {
// Scene setup:
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self
physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: frame)
addChild(player)
}
// Touch handling: (convert to touchesBegan for iOS):
override func mouseDown(with event: NSEvent) {
// Make player jump:
player.pb.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: 50))
// Reset player on label click (from sks file):
if nodes(at: event.location(in: self)).first?.name == names.resetLabel {
player.position.y = frame.minY + player.size.width/2 + CGFloat(1)
}
}
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
player._update()
}
func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
self._didBegin(contact)
}
override func didFinishUpdate() {
player._didFinishUpdate()
}
}
</code></pre>
<hr/>
<p>我希望这会有所帮助!</p></p>
<p style="font-size: 20px;">关于ios - 试图制造我可以从下面跳过但可以降落在上面的平台。无法微调逻辑，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：
<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44913398/" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow" style="color: red;">
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44913398/
</a>
</p>
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