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原来的语句是这样的: select sum(sl0000) from xstfxps2 where dhao00 in ( select dhao00 from xstfxps1 where trunc(ywrq00)=trunc(sysdate) and khdm00='500000003913'); 已用时间: 00: 02: 49.04 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=CHOOSE 1 0 SORT (AGGREGATE) 2 1 NESTED LOOPS 3 2 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'XSTFXPS2' 4 2 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'XSTFXPS1' 5 4 INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'XSTFXPS1_PK' (UNIQUE) Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 17355138 consistent gets 34141 physical reads 2912 redo size 198 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 275 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed 我们看到统计信息里面进行了17355138次逻辑读,34141次物理IO,这是相当吓人的数字。在执行计划里面我们看到表XSTFXPS2来了一次全表扫描。 我们首先看一下这两张表总的数据量: SQL> select count(*) from xstfxps2; COUNT(*) ---------- 5585018 我们这里看到XSTFXPS2这张表有5585018条记录。 SQL> select count(*) from xstfxps1; COUNT(*) ---------- 702121 两张表的表结构如下所示: SQL> desc xstfxps1 Name Type Nullable Default Comments ------ ------------ -------- ------- -------- DHAO00 NUMBER(8) LHDH00 NUMBER(8) Y FLDH00 NUMBER(8) Y FPLB00 VARCHAR2(2) Y YWRQ00 DATE Y YWRY00 VARCHAR2(8) Y SHRQ00 DATE Y XSQRRQ DATE Y XSQRRY VARCHAR2(8) Y KHDM00 VARCHAR2(12) XKZH00 VARCHAR2(12) CKDM00 VARCHAR2(2) Y THCKDM VARCHAR2(2) Y XSFSDM VARCHAR2(2) Y FXRYDM VARCHAR2(4) Y SHRYDM VARCHAR2(4) Y SHBJ00 VARCHAR2(1) 'N' FXBJ00 VARCHAR2(1) 'N' SKBJ00 VARCHAR2(2) Y FKDM00 VARCHAR2(2) Y SQL> desc xstfxps2 Name Type Nullable Default Comments ------ ------------ -------- ------- -------- DHAO00 NUMBER(8) SPDM00 VARCHAR2(8) DJIA00 NUMBER(7,2) 0 FXSL00 NUMBER Y 0 SL0000 NUMBER Y 0 THSL00 NUMBER Y 0 JE0000 NUMBER Y 0 SE0000 NUMBER Y FPBBH0 VARCHAR2(11) Y FPHAO0 VARCHAR2(10) Y RBDH00 NUMBER(8) Y 其中XSTFXPS1的客户订单的表头,保存订单的客户信息、订货日期等信息。XSTFXPS2是订单的表体,详细记录了客户订单的商品、价格、数量等信息。 调整的第一步是把子查询提取出来,再看语句的执行计划。通常来说,如果语句能够避免子查询的使用,就尽量不用子查询。因为子查询的开销是相当昂贵的。改写后的语句如下: select sum(sl0000) from xstfxps2 a,(select dhao00 from xstfxps1 where trunc(ywrq00)=trunc(sysdate) and khdm00='500000003913') b where a.dhao00=b.dhao00; 已用时间: 00: 00: 03.05 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=CHOOSE 1 0 SORT (AGGREGATE) 2 1 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'XSTFXPS2' 3 2 NESTED LOOPS 4 3 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'XSTFXPS1' 5 3 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'XSTFXPS2_PK' (UNIQUE) Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 11974 consistent gets 225 physical reads 832 redo size 211 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 275 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed 我们可以看到逻辑IO由原来的17355138次下降到11974次,有了数量级的提升。执行时间也有原来将近3分钟下降到现在的3秒多一些。很显然性能有了大幅的提升。不过我们看到执行计划里面表XSTFXPS1还是有一个全表扫描存在。通常来说我们应该尽量避免全表扫描的存在,尤其对于大表,应该建立合适的索引以避免FTS的产生。我们来看这两张表的索引信息: select index_name,column_name from dba_ind_columns where table_name like 'XSTFXPS%' INDEX_NAME COLUMN_NAME ------------------------------ ----------------------------------- XSTFXPS1_PK DHAO00 XSTFXPS2_PK DHAO00 XSTFXPS2_PK SPDM00 我们看到这两张表除了主键约束外都没有建另外的索引。根据语句的查询情况,我们建立了如下的复合索引: create index idx_xstfxps1_khdm00_ywrq00 on xstfxps1(khdm00,ywrq00) tablespace indx; 为了使用索引,我们必须对原来的日期字段的条件进行一些调整。因为有个trunc()函数的存在,语句将不会使用到索引。我们只要明白trunc(ywrq00)=trunc(sysdate)事实上等同于ywrq00大于trunc(sysdate),小于trunc(sysdate+1)减去一秒,我们就有了比较好的办法来处理 这个条件。最终改写后的语句如下: select sum(sl0000) from xstfxps2 a, xstfxps1 b where a.dhao00=b.dhao00 and b.khdm00='500000003913' and b.ywrq00 between trunc(sysdate) and trunc(sysdate)+1-1/(24*60*60); Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=CHOOSE 1 0 SORT (AGGREGATE) 2 1 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'XSTFXPS2' 3 2 NESTED LOOPS 4 3 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'XSTFXPS1' 5 4 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IDX_XSTFXPS1_KHDM00_YWRQ00' (NON-UNIQUE) 6 3 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'XSTFXPS2_PK' (UNIQUE) Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 3 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 210 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 275 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed 我们这时候看逻辑IO已经降为3次,语句的执行计划也符合我们的调整目标,创建的索引产生了比较大的效果。这条语句的调整至此告一段落。 |
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