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给运营导出数据时,难免需要对字段进行拼接,如果 Mysql 可以完成的话,就可以少些很多代码。
Mysql 确实有几个函数可以对字段进行拼接。 concat() 将多个字段使用空字符串拼接为一个字段 mysql> select concat(id, type) from mm_content limit 10; +------------------+ | concat(id, type) | +------------------+ | 100818image | | 100824image | | 100825video | | 100826video | | 100827video | | 100828video | | 100829video | | 100830video | | 100831video | | 100832video | +------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec) 不过如果有字段值为 NULL,则结果为 NULL。 mysql> select concat(id, type, tags) from mm_content limit 10; +------------------------+ | concat(id, type, tags) | +------------------------+ | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | | NULL | +------------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec) concat_ws() 上面这种方式如果想要使用分隔符分割,就需要每个字段中间插一个字符串,非常麻烦。
mysql> select concat_ws(' ', id, type, tags) from mm_content limit 10; +--------------------------------+ | concat_ws(' ', id, type, tags) | +--------------------------------+ | 100818 image | | 100824 image | | 100825 video | | 100826 video | | 100827 video | | 100828 video | | 100829 video | | 100830 video | | 100831 video | | 100832 video | +--------------------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec) group_concat() 最后一个厉害了,正常情况下一个语句写成这样一定会报错的。 mysql> select id from test_user group by age; ERROR 1055 (42000): Expression #1 of SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column 'test_user.id' which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by 但是 mysql> select group_concat(name) from test_user group by age; +--------------------+ | group_concat(name) | +--------------------+ | wen,ning | | wxnacy,win | +--------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 默认使用逗号分隔,我们也可以指定分隔符 mysql> select group_concat(name separator ' ') from test_user group by age; +----------------------------------+ | group_concat(name separator ' ') | +----------------------------------+ | wen ning | | wxnacy win | +----------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 将字符串按照某个顺序排列 mysql> select group_concat(name order by id desc separator ' ') from test_user group by age; +---------------------------------------------------+ | group_concat(name order by id desc separator ' ') | +---------------------------------------------------+ | ning wen | | win wxnacy | +---------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 如果想要拼接多个字段,默认是用空字符串进行拼接的,我们可以利用 mysql> select group_concat(concat_ws(',', id, name) separator ' ') from test_user group by age; +------------------------------------------------------+ | group_concat(concat_ws(',', id, name) separator ' ') | +------------------------------------------------------+ | 1,wen 2,ning | | 3,wxnacy 4,win | +------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 以上就是Mysql 实现字段拼接的三个函数的详细内容,更多关于MySQL 字符串拼接的资料请关注极客世界其它相关文章! |
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