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【MySQL的ROLE解决了什么问题】 假设你是一个职业素养良好的DBA比较同时又比较注重权限管理的话;可能遇到过这样的问题,数据库中有多个开发人员的账号;有一天要建 一个新的schema,如果你希望之前所有的账号都能操作这个schema下的表的话,在mysql-8.0之前你要对第一个账号都单独的赋一次权。 mysql-8.0.x所权限抽象了出来用ROLE来表示,当你为ROLE增加新的权限的时候,与这个ROLE关联的所有用户的权限也就一并变化了;针对 上面提到的场景在mysql-8.0.x下只要一条SQL就解决了。 【机智的MySQL开发】 MySQL引进ROLE用了一个非常机智的做法,既然ROLE是一堆权限的象征,这东西在MySQL里面本来就有呀!它就是USER呀。 1): 创建角色 create role devgroup; 查看mysql.user表真会被MySQL的机智给吓到 select user,host from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+ | user | host | +------------------+-----------+ | devgroup | % | | backup | 127.0.0.1 | | mysql.sys | localhost | | root | localhost | +------------------+-----------+ 说好的role事实上只是一个user呀! 2): 给角色赋权 grant all on tempdb.* to devgroup; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec) 和操作用户比起来是一样一样的! 3):创建用户并把角色的权限赋给它 create user tom@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) grant devgroup to tom@'127.0.0.1'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) 4):测试刚创建的用户是否可以登录 mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -utom -p123456 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 16 Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show grants; +-------------------------------------------+ | Grants for [email protected] | +-------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `tom`@`127.0.0.1` | | GRANT `devgroup`@`%` TO `tom`@`127.0.0.1` | +-------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 【角色和用户只是一个硬币的两面】 如果你还是觉得“角色”和“用户”是两个不一样的东西、那我只能是出大招了 1): [email protected] 用户当成角色赋给刚才的tom用户 grant root@'127.0.0.1' to tom@'127.0.0.1'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) 2):用户tom用户检察一下自己的权限 show grants; +--------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for [email protected] | +--------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `tom`@`127.0.0.1` | | GRANT `devgroup`@`%`,`root`@`127.0.0.1` TO `tom`@`127.0.0.1` | +--------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 可以看到[email protected]的权限已经被套上去了、既然都是root用户的权限了我们来删除一个tempdb库看一下吧! 3): 删库 drop database tempdb; ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user 'tom'@'127.0.0.1' to database 'tempdb' 看起来没有权限删除这个库呀!事实上是MySQL-8默认并不会激活role,关于是否激活role是由activate_all_roles_on_login这个参数控制的 4): 开启activate_all_roles_on_login set @@global.activate_all_roles_on_login=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 5): 重新登录一次tom再试着删除一下tempdb库 mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -utom -p123456 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 18 Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use tempdb; Database changed mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | tempdb | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> drop database tempdb; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) 以上就是详解MySQL8的新特性ROLE的详细内容,更多关于MySQL8 新特性ROLE的资料请关注极客世界其它相关文章! |
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