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前言 本文主要介绍了关于expdp任务异常处理的相关内容,分享出来供大家参考学习,下面话不多说了,来一起看看详细的介绍吧 环境:AIX 6.1 + Oracle 10.2.0.4 现象:在XTTS迁移测试阶段,遇到执行几个expdp的导出任务,迟迟没有返回任何信息,对应日志无任何输出,查看任务状态: SQL> set lines 300 col OWNER_NAME for a10 col OPERATION for a15 col JOB_MODE for a20 col STATE for a15 select * from dba_datapump_jobs; OWNER_NAME JOB_NAME OPERATION JOB_MODE STATE DEGREE ATTACHED_SESSIONS DATAPUMP_SESSIONS ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- -------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------------- ----------------- SYS SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 EXPORT TRANSPORTABLE DEFINING 1 0 1 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_02 EXPORT TRANSPORTABLE DEFINING 1 1 2 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_03 EXPORT TRANSPORTABLE DEFINING 1 1 2 SYS SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 EXPORT SCHEMA DEFINING 1 1 2 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_04 EXPORT TRANSPORTABLE DEFINING 1 1 2 SYS SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 EXPORT SCHEMA DEFINING 1 1 2 6 rows selected. 可以看到所有的expdp导出任务的STATE都停留在DEFINING状态。 1.牛刀小试清异常 先强制杀掉后台执行的所有expdp任务: ps -ef|grep expdp|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9 然后尝试删除这些表(其实应该在not running状态下删除) select 'drop table '||OWNER_NAME||'.'||JOB_NAME||' purge;' from dba_datapump_jobs where STATE='NOT RUNNING'; drop table sys.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 purge; .. 可这样是没有作用的,查询结果不变。 甚至尝试正常shutdown immediate停止数据库,也无法成功,告警日志看到有活动调用: Thu Nov 1 15:14:24 2018 Active call for process 4522064 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@localhost (DM00)' Active call for process 4456536 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@localhost (DM01)' Active call for process 10027180 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@localhost (DM02)' Active call for process 7340140 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@localhost (DM03)' Active call for process 6291888 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@localhost (DM04)' Active call for process 8126596 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@localhost (DM05)' SHUTDOWN: waiting for active calls to complete. 发现这些进程的id都对应了ora_dm的进程: $ ps -ef|grep ora_dm oracle 4456536 1 0 17:00:09 - 0:00 ora_dm01_xxxxdb oracle 4522064 1 0 16:50:57 - 0:00 ora_dm00_xxxxdb oracle 7340140 1 0 14:06:07 - 0:00 ora_dm03_xxxxdb oracle 8126596 1 0 14:35:03 - 0:00 ora_dm05_xxxxdb oracle 10027180 1 0 13:55:08 - 0:00 ora_dm02_xxxxdb oracle 6291888 1 0 14:31:17 - 0:00 ora_dm04_xxxxdb oracle 7340432 8388786 0 15:22:59 pts/4 0:00 grep ora_dm 实际上,这就是expdp任务的相关进程,强制杀掉这些进程: ps -ef|grep ora_dm|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9 之后数据库关闭成功: Thu Nov 1 15:24:37 2018 All dispatchers and shared servers shutdown Thu Nov 1 15:24:37 2018 ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL 启动数据库后,再次查询发现已经成功清理: SQL> set lines 300 col OWNER_NAME for a10 col OPERATION for a15 col JOB_MODE for a20 col STATE for a15 select * from dba_datapump_jobs; no rows selected 小结:数据泵任务与ora_dm进程相关;如果数据泵任务发生异常,但任务并没有退出的情况,需要同时杀掉这类进程(杀掉后状态就会变为NOT RUNNING)。关库不是必须的,只是演示此时正常关闭被阻塞的场景。这也能说明为什么要保证在NOT RUNNING状态下才可以清理。 2.追本溯源查MOS 上面的步骤只是清理了异常的数据泵任务,但没有解决问题,再次后台执行备份任务依然会重现故障: $ ps -ef|grep expdp oracle 6684914 8061208 0 15:30:07 pts/2 0:00 grep expdp oracle 7143482 8061208 0 15:30:03 pts/2 0:00 sh expdp_xtts.sh oracle 6685096 7143482 0 15:30:03 pts/2 0:00 expdp '/ as sysdba' parfile=expdp_xtts.par $ ps -ef|grep ora_dm oracle 7602308 8061208 0 15:30:10 pts/2 0:00 grep ora_dm oracle 3997964 1 1 15:30:05 - 0:00 ora_dm00_xxxxdb $ 此时查询dba_datapump_jobs,state依然一直是defining状态: OWNER_NAME JOB_NAME OPERATION JOB_MODE STATE DEGREE ATTACHED_SESSIONS DATAPUMP_SESSIONS ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ----------------- ----------------- SYS SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 EXPORT TRANSPORTABLE DEFINING 1 1 2 其他的导出任务都一样,不再赘述。 为了方便测试,写一个简单的单表expdp导出,现象也一样。 expdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=XTTS tables=query.test dumpfile=query_test.dmp logfile=query_test.log 根据故障现象,用如下关键字在MOS中搜索: expdp state DEFINING,匹配到文档:
正好这次测试是在NFS文件系统上,MOS建议移动到本地文件系统导出。 这次再将expdp进程全部杀掉: ps -ef|grep ora_dm|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9 ps -ef|grep expdp|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9 此时查询dba_datapump_jobs: OWNER_NAME JOB_NAME OPERATION JOB_MODE STATE DEGREE ATTACHED_SESSIONS DATAPUMP_SESSIONS ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ---------- ----------------- ----------------- SYS SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_04 EXPORT TABLE NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 SYS SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 EXPORT SCHEMA NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_02 EXPORT TABLE NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_05 EXPORT TABLE NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_03 EXPORT TABLE NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 EXPORT TABLE NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 SYS SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 EXPORT TRANSPORTABLE NOT RUNNING 0 0 0 7 rows selected. 清理NOT RUNNING的master表: select 'drop table '||OWNER_NAME||'.'||JOB_NAME||' purge;' from dba_datapump_jobs where STATE='NOT RUNNING'; --执行结果用来执行,再次查看结果为空: SQL> select * from dba_datapump_jobs; no rows selected 按MOS建议,将导出任务移动到本地文件系统: AIX源端导出XTTS源数据至源端/hxbak/xtts_exp目录中,而后copy至nfs共享存储/xtts/dmp中: mkdir /hxbak/xtts_exp chown oracle:dba /hxbak/xtts_exp ls -ld /hxbak/xtts_exp select * from dba_directories; create or replace directory XTTS as '/hxbak/xtts_exp'; 此时测试expdp任务可正常运行: $ expdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=XTTS tables=query.test dumpfile=query_test.dmp logfile=query_test.log Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production on Thursday, 01 November, 2018 16:03:21 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": '/******** AS SYSDBA' directory=XTTS tables=query.test dumpfile=query_test.dmp logfile=query_test.log Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 8 MB Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS . . exported "QUERY"."TEST" 6.743 MB 72593 rows Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /hxbak/xtts_exp/query_test.dmp Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 16:03:57 SQL> select * from dba_datapump_jobs; OWNER_NAME JOB_NAME OPERATION JOB_MODE STATE DEGREE ATTACHED_SESSIONS DATAPUMP_SESSIONS ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ---------- ----------------- ----------------- SYS SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 EXPORT TABLE EXECUTING 1 1 3 再次导出其他元数据: #expdp_xtts.sh (about 5min) nohup sh expdp_xtts.sh & #expdp_xtts_other.sh(about 5min) nohup sh expdp_xtts_other.sh & #expdp_tmp_table nohup sh expdp_tmp_table01.sh & nohup sh expdp_tmp_table02.sh & nohup sh expdp_tmp_table03.sh & nohup sh expdp_tmp_table04.sh & 最后将这些导出文件再移动到/xtts/dmp/下,供后续xtts测试目标端导入使用: $ pwd /hxbak/xtts_exp $ cp -rp * /xtts/dmp/ 目标端导入时只需要有读这些文件的权限,即可,实际测试恢复OK。 小结: 在自己的linux环境测试过是可以直接expdp到nfs文件系统的,AIX看来有区别,MOS的建议也只是一个workaround,但也能满足需求,毕竟元数据导出文件没多大。 总结 以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对极客世界的支持。 |
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