从Oracle数据库中读取数据自动生成INSERT语句的方法

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Oracle INSERT 语句

方法1

我估计有点 SQL 基础的人都会写 INSERT 语句。下面是 SQL 标准写法。

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name) VALUES (1, 'Zhangsan');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'Shangbo');

方法2

其实， Oracle 还支持下面的写法，作用和上面的语句完全相同。

INSERT INTO (SELECT employee_id, name FROM employees) VALUES (2, 'Lisi');

方法3

此外，同其他数据库一样，Oracle 也支持下面这种写法。

INSERT INTO employees
SELECT 3, 'Wangwu' FROM DUAL;

方法4

下面这种写法可以实现列转行，如我们有下面的表存储原始数据，原始数据可能从文件中来。

create table sales_input_table (
prod_id    number(9,0),
amt_mon    number(9,6),
amt_tue    number(9,6),
amt_wed    number(9,6),
amt_thu    number(9,6),
amt_fri    number(9,6)
);
insert into sales_input_table values (1, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0);

下面我们通过一个 SQL 把上面的数据插入到下面的表中实现列转行。

CREATE TABLE sales (
prod_id    number(9,0),
time_id    date,
amount     number(9,0)
);
INSERT ALL
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE, amt_mon)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 1, amt_tue)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 2, amt_wed)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 3, amt_thu)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 4, amt_fri)
SELECT prod_id, amt_mon, amt_tue, amt_wed, amt_thu, amt_fri FROM sales_input_table;

方法5

下面这种写法可以帮我们一次性把一个表中的数据倒入到多个表中，否则我们必须写多条 SQL 实现同样的功能。

INSERT ALL
WHEN order_total <= 100000 THEN
INTO small_orders
WHEN order_total > 100000 AND order_total <= 200000 THEN
INTO medium_orders
WHEN order_total = 500000 THEN
INTO special_orders
WHEN order_total > 200000 THEN
INTO large_orders
ELSE
INTO large_orders
SELECT order_id, order_total, sales_rep_id, customer_id FROM orders;

注意，当 order_total 大于 200000 时，orders 会被插入到 large_orders 和 special_orders 中。这可能不是你想要的结果，如果你只想让 orders 插入到 special_orders 表中，你只需要把 ALL 替换成 FIRST，如下。

INSERT FIRST
WHEN order_total <= 100000 THEN
INTO small_orders
WHEN order_total > 100000 AND order_total <= 200000 THEN
INTO medium_orders
WHEN order_total = 500000 THEN
INTO special_orders
WHEN order_total > 200000 THEN
INTO large_orders
ELSE
INTO large_orders
SELECT order_id, order_total, sales_rep_id, customer_id FROM orders;

从Oracle数据库中读取数据，自动生成INSERT语句

创建表

-- Create table
create table TB_ACCIDENT_TYPE
(
 ID     NUMBER(20) not null,
 NAME    VARCHAR2(50),
 PATH    VARCHAR2(20),
 PARENTPATH VARCHAR2(20),
 URL    VARCHAR2(20),
 TYPE    VARCHAR2(2),
 DESCR   VARCHAR2(50)
)

显示表中的数据

select 'INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES(' || '''' || ID ||'''' || ','
|| '''' || NAME || '''' || ','
|| '''' || PATH || '''' || ','
|| '''' || PARENTPATH || '''' || ','
|| '''' || URL || '''' || ','
|| '''' || TYPE || '''' || ','
|| '''' || DESCR || '''' || ');' 
 From tb_accident_type order by ID

显示结果

INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('1','事故类型关联 ','1','0','','0','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('2','危险源类型关联','2','0','','','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('3','危险品类型关联','3','0','','','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('4','生产企业类型关联','4','0','','','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('5','区域关联','5','0','','0','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('568','物体打击','1.1','1','','1','物体打击');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('569','车辆伤害','1.2','1','','1','车辆伤害');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('570','机器伤害','1.3','1','','1','机器伤害');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('571','起重伤害','1.4','1','','1','起重伤害');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('572','触电','1.5','1','','1','触电');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('573','淹溺','1.6','1','','1','淹溺');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('574','灼烫','1.7','1','','1','灼烫');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('575','火灾','1.8','1','','1','火灾');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('576','高处坠落','1.9','1','','1','高处坠落');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('577','坍塌','1.10','1','','1','坍塌');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('578','冒顶片帮','1.11','1','','1','冒顶片帮');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('580','透水','1.12','1','','1','透水');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('581','波炮','1.13','1','','1','波炮');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('582','火药爆炸','1.14','1','','1','火药爆炸')INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('583','瓦斯爆炸','1.15','1','','1','瓦斯爆炸');

总结

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