Docker 部署 Mysql8.0的方法示例

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1. 参照官网，安装docker

2.拉取mysql镜像（默认拉取最新的镜像）8.0.11

docker pull mysql

3.在宿主机创建持久化 mysql data 及mysql.cnf

mkdir /usr/local/mysqlData/test/cnf
mkdir /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data
vi /usr/loal/mysqlData/test/cnf/mysql.cnf

设置本地文件共享：

Docker -> Preferences... -> File Sharing

4.添加操作权限

chmod 777 /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data 备注：挂载时权限验证（操作权限）

5.运行镜像，设置初始密码、本机与docker端口的映射与挂载本地数据盘 (启动msyql服务)

docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql
 -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql

运行结果：

6. 进入test_mysql 容器

Docker exec -it test_mysql bash

如图：

7.在容器内登录mysql

8.查看用户信息

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;

+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| user       | host   | authentication_string                         |

+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| root       | %     | $A$005$7o{'|'AomAw(QvF#.p5wLtCnrG6yX6XQdDVQivGr96POVL.gKnhIAhUhl3. |

| mysql.infoschema | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE               |

| mysql.session  | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE               |

| mysql.sys    | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE               |

| root       | localhost | $A$005$0.-%i)H{uYi@zFo7uYF82fYw7DsA93vYLr4uZv6I1tSKao0sbzzcDap3 |

+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9.设置权限（为root分配权限，以便可以远程连接）

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

10.由于Mysql5.6以上的版本修改了Password算法，这里需要更新密码算法，便于使用Navicat连接

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

11. 使用navicat 连接mysql,如图：

12.建库、建表、加数据

查看挂载本地数据盘的内容：

13. 测试将容器移除后，数据是否仍然存在

docker rm -f test_msyql

容器已经移除了。重新部署test_mysql,参照第5的步骤，进入新容器，访问数据库：

xushijiandeiMac:data xushijian$ docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
65b7a60050aaef5765ed055acfd071c7c76f60e85dc25d0e73e0d56eae14aed1
xushijiandeiMac:data xushijian$ docker exec -it test_mysql bash
root@65b7a60050aa:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select * from user_user;
+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+
| user_id | user_name | phone    | note  |
+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+
|    1 | 没长正 | 13980000000 | 测试 |
+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

发现数据仍然可以使用，不需要额外的配置，实现了数据的持久化。

阿里云上docker 部署 MySQL(通过编排模板部署)

<1. 配置同第3步类似（只是目录变化）

master:
 image: 'mysql:latest'
 environment:
  - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
 ports:
  - '3307:3306/tcp'
 volumes:
  - '/usr/local/mysqlData/master/conf:/etc/mysql:rw'
  - '/usr/local/mysqlData/master/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw'
 labels:
  aliyun.scale: '1'

<2.如下图,已部署完成

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# clear
[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE                                  COMMAND         CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                      NAMES


8597b7539a3a    mysql:latest                              "docker-entrypoint..."  3 minutes ago    Up 3 minutes    0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp              mysql_master_1

<3.进入容器，进行权限设置，后续过程参照本机

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 /]# docker exec -it mysql_master_1 bash
root@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

<4. 开放3307端口，使得外网可以访问

云服务器ECS -> 安全组 -> 选择所在的地区 ->配置规则 -> 添加安全组

添加安全组，如图：

5.外网访问，如下图

已连接成功。

主从环境搭建：

主库：

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker exec -it mysql_master_1 bash
root@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.30 sec)

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)

mysql> show database;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

从库：

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker exec -it mysql-slave_slave_1 bash
root@c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.40 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
        Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event 主从配置成功！
         Master_Host: 47.94.225.124
         Master_User: rep
         Master_Port: 3307
        Connect_Retry: 60
       Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
     Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
        Relay_Log_File: c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1-relay-bin.000004
        Relay_Log_Pos: 363
    Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
       Slave_IO_Running: Yes
      Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
       Replicate_Do_DB: 
     Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
      Replicate_Do_Table: 
    Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
   Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
 Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
          Last_Errno: 0
          Last_Error: 
         Skip_Counter: 0
     Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
       Relay_Log_Space: 762
       Until_Condition: None
        Until_Log_File: 
        Until_Log_Pos: 0
      Master_SSL_Allowed: No
      Master_SSL_CA_File: 
      Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
       Master_SSL_Cert: 
      Master_SSL_Cipher: 
        Master_SSL_Key: 
    Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
        Last_IO_Errno: 0
        Last_IO_Error: 
        Last_SQL_Errno: 0
        Last_SQL_Error: 
 Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
       Master_Server_Id: 1
         Master_UUID: a482f5fe-80fb-11e8-9fb1-0242ac12020c
       Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
          SQL_Delay: 0
     SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
   Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
      Master_Retry_Count: 86400
         Master_Bind: 
   Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
   Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
        Master_SSL_Crl: 
      Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
      Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
      Executed_Gtid_Set: 
        Auto_Position: 0
     Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
         Channel_Name: 
      Master_TLS_Version: 
    Master_public_key_path: 
    Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (1.01 sec)

mysql> show database;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

主从库原理分析：

i/o线程去请求主库的binlog，并将得到的binlog日志写到relay log（中继日志）文件中；主库会生成一个 log dump 线程，用来给从库 i/o线程传binlog；

SQL 线程，会读取relay log文件中的日志，并解析成具体操作，来实现主从的操作一致，而最终数据一致；

即：从库IO线程请求 -> 中继日志 ->获取binlog ->从库SQL线程，解析

参考：

https://docs.docker.com/ docker 官网文档

https://blog.csdn.net/gf0515/article/details/80466213 Mac Navicat连接Docker MySql8.0

docker mysql 主从复制

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28804275/article/details/80891951 主从环境搭建

docker mysql Dockerfile mysql 开源镜像Dockerfile及配置

https://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5792939.html 主从复制原理、高可用分析

http://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5793786.html 实战