/**
 * Returns the url of the first image contained in the course summary file area
 * @param  int $id the course id
 * @return string     the url to the image
 */
function block_my_course_progress_get_course_image_url($id)
{
    global $CFG;
    require_once $CFG->libdir . "/filelib.php";
    $course = get_course($id);
    if ($course instanceof stdClass) {
        require_once $CFG->libdir . '/coursecatlib.php';
        $course = new course_in_list($course);
    }
    foreach ($course->get_course_overviewfiles() as $file) {
        $isimage = $file->is_valid_image();
        if ($isimage) {
            return file_encode_url("{$CFG->wwwroot}/pluginfile.php", '/' . $file->get_contextid() . '/' . $file->get_component() . '/' . $file->get_filearea() . $file->get_filepath() . $file->get_filename(), !$isimage);
        }
    }
    return false;
}

 protected function mycourses($CFG, $sidebar)
 {
     $mycourses = enrol_get_users_courses($_SESSION['USER']->id);
     $courselist = array();
     foreach ($mycourses as $key => $val) {
         $courselist[] = $val->id;
     }
     $content = '';
     for ($x = 1; $x <= sizeof($courselist); $x++) {
         $course = get_course($courselist[$x - 1]);
         $title = $course->fullname;
         if ($course instanceof stdClass) {
             require_once $CFG->libdir . '/coursecatlib.php';
             $course = new course_in_list($course);
         }
         $url = $CFG->wwwroot . "/theme/keats/pix/coursenoimage.jpg";
         foreach ($course->get_course_overviewfiles() as $file) {
             $isimage = $file->is_valid_image();
             $url = file_encode_url("{$CFG->wwwroot}/pluginfile.php", '/' . $file->get_contextid() . '/' . $file->get_component() . '/' . $file->get_filearea() . $file->get_filepath() . $file->get_filename(), !$isimage);
             if (!$isimage) {
                 $url = $CFG->wwwroot . "/theme/keats/pix/coursenoimage.jpg";
             }
         }
         $content .= '<div class="view view-second view-mycourse ' . ($x % 3 == 0 ? 'view-nomargin' : '') . '">
                         <img src="' . $url . '" />
                         <div class="mask">
                             <h2>' . $title . '</h2>
                             <a href="' . $CFG->wwwroot . '/course/view.php?id=' . $courselist[$x - 1] . '" class="info">Enter</a>
                         </div>
                     </div>';
     }
     return $content;
 }

 function definition()
 {
     global $DB, $PAGE, $OUTPUT;
     $id = required_param('id', PARAM_INT);
     // course module
     if (!($cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('blended', $id))) {
         error("Course Module ID was incorrect");
     }
     if (!($course = get_course($cm->course))) {
         error("Course is misconfigured");
     }
     if (!($blended = $DB->get_record('blended', array('id' => $cm->instance)))) {
         error("Course module is incorrect");
     }
     $form =& $this->_form;
     $calificables = new grade_tree($course->id);
     $items = $calificables->items;
     $ins = array();
     $assignmentname = array();
     // Obtenemos las referencias a toda la informaci�n sobre los modulos dentro del curso
     $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($course->id);
     foreach ($modinfo->instances as $abc) {
         foreach ($abc as $cmd) {
             foreach ($items as $r => $ite) {
                 $ins[$r] = $ite->iteminstance;
                 if ($cmd->instance == $ins[$r]) {
                     $assignmentname[$r] = $cmd->name;
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     $form->addElement('select', 'activities', 'Selecciona la Tarea', $assignmentname);
 }

/**
 * Add a "Compile" menu link to the Course Admin block as the top link.
 *
 * @author Gerald Albion
 * date 2014-10-31
 * @copyright 2014 Royal Roads University
 * @param object $settingsnav Main navigation object.
 * @param object $context Course context.
 */
function local_compile_extends_settings_navigation($settingsnav, $context)
{
    // Context must be course.
    if ($context->contextlevel != CONTEXT_COURSE) {
        return;
    }
    // Must be in a valid course: Cannot be course id 0.
    if ($context->instanceid == 0) {
        return;
    }
    // Must be in a valid course: Course must be retrievable.
    if (!($course = get_course($context->instanceid))) {
        return;
    }
    // Must be enrolled or otherwise allowed to view the course.
    if (!(is_enrolled($context) || is_viewing($context))) {
        return;
    }
    // Must have a course admin menu in which to add link.
    if (!($coursenode = $settingsnav->find('courseadmin', navigation_node::TYPE_COURSE))) {
        return;
    }
    // Good to go.  Build the menu item.
    $url = new moodle_url('/local/compile/list_modules.php', array('id' => $course->id));
    $newnode = navigation_node::create(get_string('menucaption', 'local_compile'), $url, navigation_node::NODETYPE_LEAF, 'compile', 'compile', new pix_icon('i/settings', ''));
    // We want to put this link at the top: find the existing top (first) node.
    $firstnode = $coursenode->get_children_key_list()[0];
    // Add the menu item to the menu, before the first node.
    $coursenode->add_node($newnode, $firstnode);
}

            function section_activities($secid,$cid){
                $course=get_course($cid);
                $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($course);
                $mods = $modinfo->get_cms();
                $sections = $modinfo->get_section_info_all();
                $sec_array = get_sections($sections);
                $arr = array();
                $cnt=0;

            //preparing an array which contains sections and activities
                foreach ($mods as $mod) {
                    $arr[$cnt++]=array('secid'=>$mod->section,'modid'=>$mod->id,'modname'=>$mod->name,'modcontent'=>$mod->content);
                    //print_r($mod->name);
                }

            //returns the all activities associated to perticular section in a course
                function get_activities($sectionid,$arr)
                {
                    $cnt=0;
                    $sec_activity_array = array();
                    for($i=0;$i<count($arr);$i++) {
                        if($arr[$i]['secid']==$sectionid){
                            $sec_activity_array[$cnt] = array('modid'=>$arr[$i]['modid'],'modname'=>$arr[$i]['modname'],'modcontent'=>$arr[$i]['modcontent']);
                            $cnt++;
                        }

                    }
                    return $sec_activity_array;
                }

            // Get all course sections in a array
                function get_sections($sections)
                {   $cnt=0;
                    $sec_array = array();
                    foreach ($sections as $sec) {
                        $sec_array[$cnt++] = array('secid'=>$sec->id,'secname'=>$sec->name);
                    }
                    return $sec_array;
                }


                $activities=get_activities($secid,$arr);
                $html='';global $CFG;
                for($i=0;$i<count($activities);$i++) {
                    $html .= '<tr >
                                <td ><span class="mod' . $activities[$i]['modid'] . '">' . ($i + 1) . '</span></td>
                                <td ><span class="mod' . $activities[$i]['modid'] . '">' . $activities[$i]['modname'] . '</span></td>
                                <td ><span class="mod' . $activities[$i]['modid'] . '">' . $activities[$i]['modcontent'] . '</span></td>
                                <td >
                                <button class="showhide" id="show" value=' . $activities[$i]['modid'] . '>
                                <img  alt="start" src="'.$CFG->wwwroot.'/teacher/testcenter/images/start.png" width="16px"/></button>
                                <button class="showhide" id="hide" value=' . $activities[$i]['modid'] . '>
                                <img  alt="stop" src="'.$CFG->wwwroot.'/teacher/testcenter/images/stop.png" width="16px"/></button>
                                </td>
                            </tr>';
                }
                echo $html;
            }//end of section_activities() function

 /**
  * Get assign instance.
  *
  * NOTE: to be used from observers only.
  *
  * @throws \coding_exception
  * @return \assign
  */
 public function get_assign()
 {
     if ($this->is_restored()) {
         throw new \coding_exception('get_assign() is intended for event observers only');
     }
     if (!isset($this->assign)) {
         debugging('assign property should be initialised in each event', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
         global $CFG;
         require_once $CFG->dirroot . '/mod/assign/locallib.php';
         $cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('assign', $this->contextinstanceid, 0, false, MUST_EXIST);
         $course = get_course($cm->course);
         $this->assign = new \assign($this->get_context(), $cm, $course);
     }
     return $this->assign;
 }

 function definition()
 {
     global $DB, $PAGE, $OUTPUT;
     $id = optional_param('id', 0, PARAM_INT);
     $a = optional_param('a', 0, PARAM_INT);
     if ($id) {
         if (!($cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('blended', $id))) {
             print_error("Course Module ID was incorrect");
         }
         if (!($course = get_course($cm->course))) {
             print_error("Course is misconfigured");
         }
         if (!($blended = $DB->get_record('blended', array('id' => $cm->instance)))) {
             print_error("Course module is incorrect");
         }
         if (!($context = context_course::instance($course->id))) {
             print_error("Context ID is incorrect");
         }
     } else {
         if (!($blended = $DB->get_record('blended', array('id' => $a)))) {
             print_error("Course module is incorrect");
         }
         if (!($course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id' => $blended->course)))) {
             print_error("Course is misconfigured");
         }
         if (!($cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance("blended", $blended->id, $course->id))) {
             print_error("Course Module ID was incorrect");
         }
         if (!($context = context_course::instance($course->id))) {
             print_error("Context ID is incorrect");
         }
     }
     $form =& $this->_form;
     $t = 0;
     $agrupamientos = array();
     $agrupamientos[$t] = 'Eliga';
     if ($groups = groups_get_all_groupings($course->id)) {
         foreach ($groups as $group) {
             $t++;
             $agrupamientos[$t] = $group->name;
         }
     }
     //Select Elements
     $form->addElement('select', 'grouping', get_string('select_grouping', 'blended'), $agrupamientos);
 }

 /**
  * Create a questionnaire activity.
  * @param array $record Will be changed in this function.
  * @param array $options
  * @return questionnaire
  */
 public function create_instance($record = array(), array $options = array())
 {
     if (is_array($record)) {
         $record = (object) $record;
     }
     $defaultquestionnairesettings = array('qtype' => 0, 'respondenttype' => 'fullname', 'resp_eligible' => 'all', 'resp_view' => 0, 'useopendate' => true, 'opendate' => 0, 'useclosedate' => true, 'closedate' => 0, 'resume' => 0, 'navigate' => 0, 'grade' => 0, 'sid' => 0, 'timemodified' => time(), 'completionsubmit' => 0, 'autonum' => 3, 'create' => 'new-0');
     foreach ($defaultquestionnairesettings as $name => $value) {
         if (!isset($record->{$name})) {
             $record->{$name} = $value;
         }
     }
     $instance = parent::create_instance($record, $options);
     $cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance('questionnaire', $instance->id);
     $course = get_course($cm->course);
     $questionnaire = new questionnaire(0, $instance, $course, $cm, false);
     $this->questionnaires[$instance->id] = $questionnaire;
     return $questionnaire;
 }

 public function execute()
 {
     global $CFG, $DB;
     require_once $CFG->dirroot . '/mod/ratingallocate/locallib.php';
     $site = get_site();
     // parse customdata passed
     $customdata = $this->get_custom_data();
     $userid = $customdata->userid;
     $ratingallocateid = $customdata->ratingallocateid;
     //get instance of ratingallocate
     $ratingallocate = $DB->get_record(this_db\ratingallocate::TABLE, array(this_db\ratingallocate::ID => $ratingallocateid), '*', MUST_EXIST);
     $courseid = $ratingallocate->course;
     $course = get_course($courseid);
     $cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance('ratingallocate', $ratingallocate->id, $courseid);
     $context = \context_module::instance($cm->id);
     $ratingallocateobj = new \ratingallocate($ratingallocate, $course, $cm, $context);
     $ratingallocateobj->notify_users_distribution($userid);
 }

/**
 * Run synchronization process
 *
 * @param progress_trace $trace
 * @param int|null $courseid or null for all courses
 * @return void
 */
function local_metagroups_sync(progress_trace $trace, $courseid = null)
{
    global $DB;
    if ($courseid !== null) {
        $courseids = array($courseid);
    } else {
        $courseids = local_metagroups_parent_courses();
    }
    foreach (array_unique($courseids) as $courseid) {
        $parent = get_course($courseid);
        // If parent course doesn't use groups, we can skip synchronization.
        if (groups_get_course_groupmode($parent) == NOGROUPS) {
            continue;
        }
        $trace->output($parent->fullname, 1);
        $children = local_metagroups_child_courses($parent->id);
        foreach ($children as $childid) {
            $child = get_course($childid);
            $trace->output($child->fullname, 2);
            $groups = groups_get_all_groups($child->id);
            foreach ($groups as $group) {
                if (!($metagroup = $DB->get_record('groups', array('courseid' => $parent->id, 'idnumber' => $group->id)))) {
                    $metagroup = new stdClass();
                    $metagroup->courseid = $parent->id;
                    $metagroup->idnumber = $group->id;
                    $metagroup->name = $group->name;
                    $metagroup->id = groups_create_group($metagroup, false, false);
                }
                $trace->output($metagroup->name, 3);
                $users = groups_get_members($group->id);
                foreach ($users as $user) {
                    groups_add_member($metagroup->id, $user->id, 'local_metagroups', $group->id);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

 /**
  * Output the HTML grid of courses
  * @param  array 	$courses 	the list of enrolled courses
  * @return string          		HTML fragment
  */
 function course_grid($courses)
 {
     global $CFG;
     require_once $CFG->dirroot . '/blocks/my_course_progress/locallib.php';
     $html = sprintf('<div class="grid__container">');
     // LOOP THROUGH EACH COURSE AND GET THE OUTPUT
     foreach ($courses as $c) {
         $course = get_course($c->id);
         // OPEN GRID ITEM
         $html .= sprintf('<div class="grid__item">');
         // RENDER THE COURSE DETAILS
         $html .= $this->course($course);
         // IF COURSE HAS COMPLETION STATS, DO
         if (!!$course->enablecompletion) {
             // TODO: GET COMPLETION PERCENTAGE
             $percentage = block_my_course_progress_get_completion_percentage((int) $course->id);
             // RENDER THE COURSE PROGRESS
             $html .= $this->progress($percentage);
         }
         // CLOSE GRID ITEM
         $html .= sprintf('</div>');
     }
     return $html;
 }

              <tr>
                <td></td>
                <td></td>
                <td></td>
                <td></td>
                <td></td>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <?php 
$i = 1;
while ($a = mysqli_fetch_array($papers)) {
    ?>
                <tr>
                  <td><?php 
    echo get_course($a['course']);
    ?>
</td>
                  <td><?php 
    echo get_branch($a['course'], $a['branch']);
    ?>
</td>
                  <td><?php 
    echo $a['semester'];
    ?>
</td>
                  <td><?php 
    echo $a['file_name'];
    ?>
</td>
                  <td>

 public function test_get_course()
 {
     global $DB, $PAGE, $SITE;
     $this->resetAfterTest();
     // First test course will be current course ($COURSE).
     $course1obj = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('shortname' => 'FROGS'));
     $PAGE->set_course($course1obj);
     // Second test course is not current course.
     $course2obj = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('shortname' => 'ZOMBIES'));
     // Check it does not make any queries when requesting the $COURSE/$SITE.
     $before = $DB->perf_get_queries();
     $result = get_course($course1obj->id);
     $this->assertEquals($before, $DB->perf_get_queries());
     $this->assertSame('FROGS', $result->shortname);
     $result = get_course($SITE->id);
     $this->assertEquals($before, $DB->perf_get_queries());
     // Check it makes 1 query to request other courses.
     $result = get_course($course2obj->id);
     $this->assertSame('ZOMBIES', $result->shortname);
     $this->assertEquals($before + 1, $DB->perf_get_queries());
 }

 /**
  * Self enrol the current user in the given course.
  *
  * @param int $courseid id of course
  * @param string $password enrolment key
  * @param int $instanceid instance id of self enrolment plugin
  * @return array of warnings and status result
  * @since Moodle 3.0
  * @throws moodle_exception
  */
 public static function enrol_user($courseid, $password = '', $instanceid = 0)
 {
     global $CFG;
     require_once $CFG->libdir . '/enrollib.php';
     $params = self::validate_parameters(self::enrol_user_parameters(), array('courseid' => $courseid, 'password' => $password, 'instanceid' => $instanceid));
     $warnings = array();
     $course = get_course($params['courseid']);
     $context = context_course::instance($course->id);
     self::validate_context(context_system::instance());
     if (!$course->visible and !has_capability('moodle/course:viewhiddencourses', $context)) {
         throw new moodle_exception('coursehidden');
     }
     // Retrieve the self enrolment plugin.
     $enrol = enrol_get_plugin('self');
     if (empty($enrol)) {
         throw new moodle_exception('canntenrol', 'enrol_self');
     }
     // We can expect multiple self-enrolment instances.
     $instances = array();
     $enrolinstances = enrol_get_instances($course->id, true);
     foreach ($enrolinstances as $courseenrolinstance) {
         if ($courseenrolinstance->enrol == "self") {
             // Instance specified.
             if (!empty($params['instanceid'])) {
                 if ($courseenrolinstance->id == $params['instanceid']) {
                     $instances[] = $courseenrolinstance;
                     break;
                 }
             } else {
                 $instances[] = $courseenrolinstance;
             }
         }
     }
     if (empty($instances)) {
         throw new moodle_exception('canntenrol', 'enrol_self');
     }
     // Try to enrol the user in the instance/s.
     $enrolled = false;
     foreach ($instances as $instance) {
         $enrolstatus = $enrol->can_self_enrol($instance);
         if ($enrolstatus === true) {
             if ($instance->password and $params['password'] !== $instance->password) {
                 // Check if we are using group enrolment keys.
                 if ($instance->customint1) {
                     require_once $CFG->dirroot . "/enrol/self/locallib.php";
                     if (!enrol_self_check_group_enrolment_key($course->id, $params['password'])) {
                         $warnings[] = array('item' => 'instance', 'itemid' => $instance->id, 'warningcode' => '2', 'message' => get_string('passwordinvalid', 'enrol_self'));
                         continue;
                     }
                 } else {
                     if ($enrol->get_config('showhint')) {
                         $hint = core_text::substr($instance->password, 0, 1);
                         $warnings[] = array('item' => 'instance', 'itemid' => $instance->id, 'warningcode' => '3', 'message' => s(get_string('passwordinvalidhint', 'enrol_self', $hint)));
                         continue;
                     } else {
                         $warnings[] = array('item' => 'instance', 'itemid' => $instance->id, 'warningcode' => '4', 'message' => get_string('passwordinvalid', 'enrol_self'));
                         continue;
                     }
                 }
             }
             // Do the enrolment.
             $data = array('enrolpassword' => $params['password']);
             $enrol->enrol_self($instance, (object) $data);
             $enrolled = true;
             break;
         } else {
             $warnings[] = array('item' => 'instance', 'itemid' => $instance->id, 'warningcode' => '1', 'message' => $enrolstatus);
         }
     }
     $result = array();
     $result['status'] = $enrolled;
     $result['warnings'] = $warnings;
     return $result;
 }

/**
 * Get all discussions in a forum
 *
 * @global object
 * @global object
 * @global object
 * @uses CONTEXT_MODULE
 * @uses VISIBLEGROUPS
 * @param object $cm
 * @param string $forumsort
 * @param bool $fullpost
 * @param int $unused
 * @param int $limit
 * @param bool $userlastmodified
 * @param int $page
 * @param int $perpage
 * @param int $groupid if groups enabled, get discussions for this group overriding the current group.
 *                     Use FORUM_POSTS_ALL_USER_GROUPS for all the user groups
 * @param int $updatedsince retrieve only discussions updated since the given time
 * @return array
 */
function forum_get_discussions($cm, $forumsort = "", $fullpost = true, $unused = -1, $limit = -1, $userlastmodified = false, $page = -1, $perpage = 0, $groupid = -1, $updatedsince = 0)
{
    global $CFG, $DB, $USER;
    $timelimit = '';
    $now = round(time(), -2);
    $params = array($cm->instance);
    $modcontext = context_module::instance($cm->id);
    if (!has_capability('mod/forum:viewdiscussion', $modcontext)) {
        /// User must have perms to view discussions
        return array();
    }
    if (!empty($CFG->forum_enabletimedposts)) {
        /// Users must fulfill timed posts
        if (!has_capability('mod/forum:viewhiddentimedposts', $modcontext)) {
            $timelimit = " AND ((d.timestart <= ? AND (d.timeend = 0 OR d.timeend > ?))";
            $params[] = $now;
            $params[] = $now;
            if (isloggedin()) {
                $timelimit .= " OR d.userid = ?";
                $params[] = $USER->id;
            }
            $timelimit .= ")";
        }
    }
    if ($limit > 0) {
        $limitfrom = 0;
        $limitnum = $limit;
    } else {
        if ($page != -1) {
            $limitfrom = $page * $perpage;
            $limitnum = $perpage;
        } else {
            $limitfrom = 0;
            $limitnum = 0;
        }
    }
    $groupmode = groups_get_activity_groupmode($cm);
    if ($groupmode) {
        if (empty($modcontext)) {
            $modcontext = context_module::instance($cm->id);
        }
        // Special case, we received a groupid to override currentgroup.
        if ($groupid > 0) {
            $course = get_course($cm->course);
            if (!groups_group_visible($groupid, $course, $cm)) {
                // User doesn't belong to this group, return nothing.
                return array();
            }
            $currentgroup = $groupid;
        } else {
            if ($groupid === -1) {
                $currentgroup = groups_get_activity_group($cm);
            } else {
                // Get discussions for all groups current user can see.
                $currentgroup = null;
            }
        }
        if ($groupmode == VISIBLEGROUPS or has_capability('moodle/site:accessallgroups', $modcontext)) {
            if ($currentgroup) {
                $groupselect = "AND (d.groupid = ? OR d.groupid = -1)";
                $params[] = $currentgroup;
            } else {
                $groupselect = "";
            }
        } else {
            // Separate groups.
            // Get discussions for all groups current user can see.
            if ($currentgroup === null) {
                $mygroups = array_keys(groups_get_all_groups($cm->course, $USER->id, $cm->groupingid, 'g.id'));
                if (empty($mygroups)) {
                    $groupselect = "AND d.groupid = -1";
                } else {
                    list($insqlgroups, $inparamsgroups) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($mygroups);
                    $groupselect = "AND (d.groupid = -1 OR d.groupid {$insqlgroups})";
                    $params = array_merge($params, $inparamsgroups);
                }
            } else {
                if ($currentgroup) {
                    $groupselect = "AND (d.groupid = ? OR d.groupid = -1)";
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

 /**
  * Used to notify the completion system (if necessary) that a user's grade
  * has changed, and clear up a possible score cache.
  *
  * @param bool $deleted True if grade was actually deleted
  */
 protected function notify_changed($deleted)
 {
     global $CFG;
     // Condition code may cache the grades for conditional availability of
     // modules or sections. (This code should use a hook for communication
     // with plugin, but hooks are not implemented at time of writing.)
     if (!empty($CFG->enableavailability) && class_exists('\\availability_grade\\callbacks')) {
         \availability_grade\callbacks::grade_changed($this->userid);
     }
     require_once $CFG->libdir . '/completionlib.php';
     // Bail out immediately if completion is not enabled for site (saves loading
     // grade item & requiring the restore stuff).
     if (!completion_info::is_enabled_for_site()) {
         return;
     }
     // Ignore during restore, as completion data will be updated anyway and
     // doing it now will result in incorrect dates (it will say they got the
     // grade completion now, instead of the correct time).
     if (class_exists('restore_controller', false) && restore_controller::is_executing()) {
         return;
     }
     // Load information about grade item
     $this->load_grade_item();
     // Only course-modules have completion data
     if ($this->grade_item->itemtype != 'mod') {
         return;
     }
     // Use $COURSE if available otherwise get it via item fields
     $course = get_course($this->grade_item->courseid, false);
     // Bail out if completion is not enabled for course
     $completion = new completion_info($course);
     if (!$completion->is_enabled()) {
         return;
     }
     // Get course-module
     $cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance($this->grade_item->itemmodule, $this->grade_item->iteminstance, $this->grade_item->courseid);
     // If the course-module doesn't exist, display a warning...
     if (!$cm) {
         // ...unless the grade is being deleted in which case it's likely
         // that the course-module was just deleted too, so that's okay.
         if (!$deleted) {
             debugging("Couldn't find course-module for module '" . $this->grade_item->itemmodule . "', instance '" . $this->grade_item->iteminstance . "', course '" . $this->grade_item->courseid . "'");
         }
         return;
     }
     // Pass information on to completion system
     $completion->inform_grade_changed($cm, $this->grade_item, $this, $deleted);
 }

/**
 * Get current course cache
 *
 * @param array $coursecache list of course cache
 * @param int $courseid id of the course
 * @return stdClass $coursecache[$courseid] return the specific course cache
 */
function calendar_get_course_cached(&$coursecache, $courseid)
{
    if (!isset($coursecache[$courseid])) {
        $coursecache[$courseid] = get_course($courseid);
    }
    return $coursecache[$courseid];
}

 public function test_coursebyshortname()
 {
     $expected = get_course($this->courses[0]->id);
     $actual = $this->courseservice->coursebyshortname($this->courses[0]->shortname);
     $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual);
 }

 /**
  * Returns a record from course database table plus additional fields
  * that course format defines
  *
  * @return stdClass
  */
 public function get_course()
 {
     global $DB;
     if (!$this->courseid) {
         return null;
     }
     if ($this->course === false) {
         $this->course = get_course($this->courseid);
         $options = $this->get_format_options();
         $dbcoursecolumns = null;
         foreach ($options as $optionname => $optionvalue) {
             if (isset($this->course->{$optionname})) {
                 // Course format options must not have the same names as existing columns in db table "course".
                 if (!isset($dbcoursecolumns)) {
                     $dbcoursecolumns = $DB->get_columns('course');
                 }
                 if (isset($dbcoursecolumns[$optionname])) {
                     debugging('The option name ' . $optionname . ' in course format ' . $this->format . ' is invalid because the field with the same name exists in {course} table', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
                     continue;
                 }
             }
             $this->course->{$optionname} = $optionvalue;
         }
     }
     return $this->course;
 }

 *
 * You can have a rather longer description of the file as well,
 * if you like, and it can span multiple lines.
 *
 * @package    mod_zoom
 * @copyright  2015 UC Regents
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */
require_once dirname(dirname(dirname(__FILE__))) . '/config.php';
require_once $CFG->libdir . '/gradelib.php';
require_once $CFG->libdir . '/moodlelib.php';
$id = required_param('id', PARAM_INT);
// Course_module ID.
if ($id) {
    $cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('zoom', $id, 0, false, MUST_EXIST);
    $course = get_course($cm->course);
    $zoom = $DB->get_record('zoom', array('id' => $cm->instance), '*', MUST_EXIST);
} else {
    error('You must specify a course_module ID');
}
require_login($course, true, $cm);
$context = context_module::instance($cm->id);
$PAGE->set_context($context);
require_capability('mod/zoom:view', $context);
// Check whether user had a grade. If no, then assign full credits to him or her.
$gradelist = grade_get_grades($course->id, 'mod', 'zoom', $cm->instance, $USER->id);
// Assign full credits for user who has no grade yet, if this meeting is gradable
// (i.e. the grade type is not "None").
if (!empty($gradelist->items) && empty($gradelist->items[0]->grades[$USER->id]->grade)) {
    $grademax = $gradelist->items[0]->grademax;
    $grades = array('rawgrade' => $grademax, 'userid' => $USER->id, 'usermodified' => $USER->id, 'dategraded' => '', 'feedbackformat' => '', 'feedback' => '');