func (s *ImageMetadataSuite) env(c *gc.C, imageMetadataURL, stream string) environs.Environ {
	attrs := dummy.SampleConfig()
	if stream != "" {
		attrs = attrs.Merge(testing.Attrs{
			"image-stream": stream,
		})
	}
	if imageMetadataURL != "" {
		attrs = attrs.Merge(testing.Attrs{
			"image-metadata-url": imageMetadataURL,
		})
	}
	env, err := bootstrap.Prepare(
		envtesting.BootstrapContext(c),
		jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore(),
		bootstrap.PrepareParams{
			ControllerConfig: testing.FakeControllerConfig(),
			ControllerName:   attrs["name"].(string),
			ModelConfig:      attrs,
			Cloud:            dummy.SampleCloudSpec(),
			AdminSecret:      "admin-secret",
		},
	)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	return env
}

func (s *NewAPIClientSuite) bootstrapModel(c *gc.C) (environs.Environ, jujuclient.ClientStore) {
	const controllerName = "local.my-controller"

	store := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()

	ctx := envtesting.BootstrapContext(c)

	env, err := environs.Prepare(ctx, store, environs.PrepareParams{
		ControllerName: controllerName,
		BaseConfig:     dummy.SampleConfig(),
		CloudName:      "dummy",
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	storageDir := c.MkDir()
	s.PatchValue(&envtools.DefaultBaseURL, storageDir)
	stor, err := filestorage.NewFileStorageWriter(storageDir)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	envtesting.UploadFakeTools(c, stor, "released", "released")

	err = bootstrap.Bootstrap(ctx, env, bootstrap.BootstrapParams{})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	return env, store
}

func (s *ToolsMetadataSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.AddCleanup(dummy.Reset)
	cfg, err := config.New(config.UseDefaults, map[string]interface{}{
		"name":            "erewhemos",
		"type":            "dummy",
		"uuid":            coretesting.ModelTag.Id(),
		"controller-uuid": coretesting.ControllerTag.Id(),
		"conroller":       true,
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	env, err := bootstrap.Prepare(
		modelcmd.BootstrapContextNoVerify(coretesting.Context(c)),
		jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore(),
		bootstrap.PrepareParams{
			ControllerConfig: coretesting.FakeControllerConfig(),
			ControllerName:   cfg.Name(),
			ModelConfig:      cfg.AllAttrs(),
			Cloud:            dummy.SampleCloudSpec(),
			AdminSecret:      "admin-secret",
		},
	)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	s.env = env
	loggo.GetLogger("").SetLogLevel(loggo.INFO)

	// Switch the default tools location.
	s.publicStorageDir = c.MkDir()
	s.PatchValue(&tools.DefaultBaseURL, s.publicStorageDir)
}

func (s *ListControllersSuite) TestListControllersEmptyStore(c *gc.C) {
	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	context, err := s.runListControllers(c)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	c.Check(testing.Stdout(context), gc.Equals, "")
	c.Check(testing.Stderr(context), gc.Equals, modelcmd.ErrNoControllersDefined.Error())
}

func (s *credentialsSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.cloud = cloud.Cloud{
		Type: "fake",
		Regions: []cloud.Region{
			{Name: "first-region"},
			{Name: "second-region"},
		},
	}

	dir := c.MkDir()
	keyFile := filepath.Join(dir, "keyfile")
	err := ioutil.WriteFile(keyFile, []byte("value"), 0600)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.store.Credentials["cloud"] = cloud.CloudCredential{
		DefaultRegion: "second-region",
		AuthCredentials: map[string]cloud.Credential{
			"interactive": cloud.NewCredential("interactive", map[string]string{
				"username": "user",
			}),
			"secrets": cloud.NewCredential(cloud.UserPassAuthType, map[string]string{
				"username": "user",
				"password": "sekret",
				"key-file": keyFile,
			}),
		},
	}
}

func (s *credentialsSuite) assertGetCredentials(c *gc.C, region string) {
	dir := c.MkDir()
	keyFile := filepath.Join(dir, "keyfile")
	err := ioutil.WriteFile(keyFile, []byte("value"), 0600)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	store := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	store.Credentials["cloud"] = cloud.CloudCredential{
		DefaultRegion: "default-region",
		AuthCredentials: map[string]cloud.Credential{
			"secrets": cloud.NewCredential(cloud.UserPassAuthType, map[string]string{
				"username": "user",
				"password": "sekret",
				"key-file": keyFile,
			}),
		},
	}

	credential, credentialName, regionName, err := modelcmd.GetCredentials(
		store, region, "secrets", "cloud", "fake",
	)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	expectedRegion := region
	if expectedRegion == "" {
		expectedRegion = "default-region"
	}
	c.Assert(regionName, gc.Equals, expectedRegion)
	c.Assert(credentialName, gc.Equals, "secrets")
	c.Assert(credential.Attributes(), jc.DeepEquals, map[string]string{
		"key":      "value",
		"username": "user",
		"password": "sekret",
	})
}

func (s *SwitchSimpleSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.Stub.ResetCalls()
	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.stubStore = jujuclienttesting.WrapClientStore(s.store)
	s.onRefresh = nil
}

func (t *localNonUSEastSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	t.BaseSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	t.srv.config = &s3test.Config{
		Send409Conflict: true,
	}
	t.srv.startServer(c)

	env, err := environs.Prepare(
		envtesting.BootstrapContext(c),
		jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore(),
		environs.PrepareParams{
			BaseConfig: localConfigAttrs,
			Credential: cloud.NewCredential(
				cloud.AccessKeyAuthType,
				map[string]string{
					"access-key": "x",
					"secret-key": "x",
				},
			),
			ControllerName: localConfigAttrs["name"].(string),
			CloudName:      "ec2",
			CloudRegion:    "test",
		},
	)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	t.env = env
}

func (s *AddModelSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.fakeAddModelAPI = &fakeAddClient{
		model: base.ModelInfo{
			Name:  "test",
			UUID:  "fake-model-uuid",
			Owner: "ignored-for-now",
		},
	}
	s.fakeCloudAPI = &fakeCloudAPI{}

	// Set up the current controller, and write just enough info
	// so we don't try to refresh
	controllerName := "test-master"
	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.store.CurrentControllerName = controllerName
	s.store.Controllers[controllerName] = jujuclient.ControllerDetails{}
	s.store.Accounts[controllerName] = jujuclient.AccountDetails{
		User: "bob",
	}
	s.store.Credentials["aws"] = cloud.CloudCredential{
		AuthCredentials: map[string]cloud.Credential{
			"secrets": cloud.NewCredential(cloud.AccessKeyAuthType, map[string]string{
				"access-key": "key",
				"secret-key": "sekret",
			}),
		},
	}
}

func (*OpenSuite) TestDestroy(c *gc.C) {
	cfg, err := config.New(config.NoDefaults, dummy.SampleConfig().Merge(
		testing.Attrs{
			"name": "erewhemos",
		},
	))
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	store := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	// Prepare the environment and sanity-check that
	// the config storage info has been made.
	controllerCfg := testing.FakeControllerConfig()
	ctx := envtesting.BootstrapContext(c)
	e, err := bootstrap.Prepare(ctx, store, bootstrap.PrepareParams{
		ControllerConfig: controllerCfg,
		ControllerName:   "controller-name",
		ModelConfig:      cfg.AllAttrs(),
		Cloud:            dummy.SampleCloudSpec(),
		AdminSecret:      "admin-secret",
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	_, err = store.ControllerByName("controller-name")
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	err = environs.Destroy("controller-name", e, store)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	// Check that the environment has actually been destroyed
	// and that the controller details been removed too.
	_, err = e.ControllerInstances(controllerCfg.ControllerUUID())
	c.Assert(err, gc.ErrorMatches, "model is not prepared")
	_, err = store.ControllerByName("controller-name")
	c.Assert(err, jc.Satisfies, errors.IsNotFound)
}

// newClientStore returns a client store that contains information
// based on the given controller namd and info.
func newClientStore(c *gc.C, controllerName string) *jujuclienttesting.MemStore {
	store := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	err := store.UpdateController(controllerName, jujuclient.ControllerDetails{
		ControllerUUID: fakeUUID,
		CACert:         "certificate",
		APIEndpoints:   []string{"foo.invalid"},
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	err = store.UpdateModel(controllerName, "[email protected]", "admin", jujuclient.ModelDetails{
		fakeUUID,
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	// Models belong to accounts, so we must have an account even
	// if "creds" is not initialised. If it is, it may overwrite
	// this one.
	err = store.UpdateAccount(controllerName, "[email protected]", jujuclient.AccountDetails{
		User:     "[email protected]",
		Password: "hunter2",
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	err = store.SetCurrentAccount(controllerName, "[email protected]")
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	return store
}

func (s *funcSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.baseImageMetadataSuite.SetUpTest(c)

	var err error
	s.env, err = environs.Prepare(
		envtesting.BootstrapContext(c),
		jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore(),
		environs.PrepareParams{
			ControllerName: "dummycontroller",
			BaseConfig:     mockConfig(),
			CloudName:      "dummy",
		},
	)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	s.state = s.constructState(s.env.Config())

	s.expected = cloudimagemetadata.Metadata{
		cloudimagemetadata.MetadataAttributes{
			Stream: "released",
			Source: "custom",
			Series: config.LatestLtsSeries(),
			Arch:   "amd64",
			Region: "dummy_region",
		},
		0,
		"",
	}
}

func (s *OpenSuite) TestUpdateEnvInfo(c *gc.C) {
	store := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	ctx := envtesting.BootstrapContext(c)
	cfg, err := config.New(config.UseDefaults, map[string]interface{}{
		"type":            "dummy",
		"name":            "admin-model",
		"controller-uuid": utils.MustNewUUID().String(),
		"uuid":            utils.MustNewUUID().String(),
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	_, err = environs.Prepare(ctx, store, environs.PrepareParams{
		ControllerName: "controller-name",
		BaseConfig:     cfg.AllAttrs(),
		CloudName:      "dummy",
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	foundController, err := store.ControllerByName("controller-name")
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	c.Assert(foundController.ControllerUUID, gc.Equals, cfg.ControllerUUID())
	c.Assert(foundController.CACert, gc.Not(gc.Equals), "")
	foundModel, err := store.ModelByName("controller-name", "[email protected]", "admin-model")
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	c.Assert(foundModel, jc.DeepEquals, &jujuclient.ModelDetails{
		ModelUUID: cfg.UUID(),
	})
}

func (s *grantRevokeSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.fake = &fakeGrantRevokeAPI{}

	// Set up the current controller, and write just enough info
	// so we don't try to refresh
	controllerName := "local.test-master"
	err := modelcmd.WriteCurrentController(controllerName)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.store.Controllers["local.test-master"] = jujuclient.ControllerDetails{}
	s.store.Accounts[controllerName] = &jujuclient.ControllerAccounts{
		Accounts: map[string]jujuclient.AccountDetails{
			"[email protected]": {User: "[email protected]"},
		},
		CurrentAccount: "[email protected]",
	}
	s.store.Models = map[string]jujuclient.ControllerAccountModels{
		controllerName: jujuclient.ControllerAccountModels{
			AccountModels: map[string]*jujuclient.AccountModels{
				"[email protected]": &jujuclient.AccountModels{
					Models: map[string]jujuclient.ModelDetails{
						"foo":    jujuclient.ModelDetails{fooModelUUID},
						"bar":    jujuclient.ModelDetails{barModelUUID},
						"baz":    jujuclient.ModelDetails{bazModelUUID},
						"model1": jujuclient.ModelDetails{model1ModelUUID},
						"model2": jujuclient.ModelDetails{model2ModelUUID},
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}
}

func (s *RegisterSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)

	s.apiOpenError = nil
	s.httpHandler = http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {})
	s.server = httptest.NewTLSServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		s.httpHandler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	}))

	serverURL, err := url.Parse(s.server.URL)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	s.apiConnection = &mockAPIConnection{
		controllerTag: names.NewControllerTag(mockControllerUUID),
		addr:          serverURL.Host,
	}
	s.listModelsControllerName = ""
	s.listModelsUserName = ""
	s.listModels = func(_ jujuclient.ClientStore, controllerName, userName string) ([]base.UserModel, error) {
		s.listModelsControllerName = controllerName
		s.listModelsUserName = userName
		return nil, nil
	}

	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
}

func (s *macaroonLoginSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.MacaroonSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.MacaroonSuite.AddModelUser(c, testUser)

	s.controllerName = "my-controller"
	s.accountName = "[email protected]"
	s.modelName = "my-model"
	modelTag := names.NewModelTag(s.State.ModelUUID())
	apiInfo := s.APIInfo(c)

	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.store.Controllers[s.controllerName] = jujuclient.ControllerDetails{
		APIEndpoints:   apiInfo.Addrs,
		ControllerUUID: apiInfo.ModelTag.Id(),
		CACert:         apiInfo.CACert,
	}
	s.store.Accounts[s.controllerName] = &jujuclient.ControllerAccounts{
		Accounts: map[string]jujuclient.AccountDetails{
			// Empty password forces use of macaroons.
			s.accountName: {User: s.accountName},
		},
		CurrentAccount: s.accountName,
	}
	s.store.Models[s.controllerName] = jujuclient.ControllerAccountModels{
		AccountModels: map[string]*jujuclient.AccountModels{
			s.accountName: {
				Models: map[string]jujuclient.ModelDetails{
					s.modelName: {modelTag.Id()},
				},
			},
		},
	}
}

func (s *OpenSuite) TestNewDummyEnviron(c *gc.C) {
	s.PatchValue(&jujuversion.Current, testing.FakeVersionNumber)
	// matches *Settings.Map()
	cfg, err := config.New(config.NoDefaults, dummySampleConfig())
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	ctx := envtesting.BootstrapContext(c)
	cache := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	controllerCfg := testing.FakeControllerConfig()
	env, err := bootstrap.Prepare(ctx, cache, bootstrap.PrepareParams{
		ControllerConfig: controllerCfg,
		ControllerName:   cfg.Name(),
		ModelConfig:      cfg.AllAttrs(),
		Cloud:            dummy.SampleCloudSpec(),
		AdminSecret:      "admin-secret",
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	storageDir := c.MkDir()
	s.PatchValue(&envtools.DefaultBaseURL, storageDir)
	stor, err := filestorage.NewFileStorageWriter(storageDir)
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	envtesting.UploadFakeTools(c, stor, cfg.AgentStream(), cfg.AgentStream())
	err = bootstrap.Bootstrap(ctx, env, bootstrap.BootstrapParams{
		ControllerConfig: controllerCfg,
		AdminSecret:      "admin-secret",
		CAPrivateKey:     testing.CAKey,
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	// New controller should have been added to collection.
	foundController, err := cache.ControllerByName(cfg.Name())
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	c.Assert(foundController.ControllerUUID, gc.DeepEquals, controllerCfg.ControllerUUID())
}

func (s *grantRevokeSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.fake = &fakeGrantRevokeAPI{}

	// Set up the current controller, and write just enough info
	// so we don't try to refresh
	controllerName := "test-master"

	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.store.CurrentControllerName = controllerName
	s.store.Controllers[controllerName] = jujuclient.ControllerDetails{}
	s.store.Accounts[controllerName] = jujuclient.AccountDetails{
		User: "bob",
	}
	s.store.Models = map[string]*jujuclient.ControllerModels{
		controllerName: {
			Models: map[string]jujuclient.ModelDetails{
				"bob/foo":    jujuclient.ModelDetails{fooModelUUID},
				"bob/bar":    jujuclient.ModelDetails{barModelUUID},
				"bob/baz":    jujuclient.ModelDetails{bazModelUUID},
				"bob/model1": jujuclient.ModelDetails{model1ModelUUID},
				"bob/model2": jujuclient.ModelDetails{model2ModelUUID},
			},
		},
	}
}

func (s *OpenSuite) TestUpdateEnvInfo(c *gc.C) {
	store := jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	ctx := envtesting.BootstrapContext(c)
	uuid := utils.MustNewUUID().String()
	cfg, err := config.New(config.UseDefaults, map[string]interface{}{
		"type": "dummy",
		"name": "admin-model",
		"uuid": uuid,
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	controllerCfg := testing.FakeControllerConfig()
	_, err = bootstrap.Prepare(ctx, store, bootstrap.PrepareParams{
		ControllerConfig: controllerCfg,
		ControllerName:   "controller-name",
		ModelConfig:      cfg.AllAttrs(),
		Cloud:            dummy.SampleCloudSpec(),
		AdminSecret:      "admin-secret",
	})
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)

	foundController, err := store.ControllerByName("controller-name")
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	c.Assert(foundController.ControllerUUID, gc.Not(gc.Equals), "")
	c.Assert(foundController.CACert, gc.Not(gc.Equals), "")
	foundModel, err := store.ModelByName("controller-name", "admin/admin-model")
	c.Assert(err, jc.ErrorIsNil)
	c.Assert(foundModel, jc.DeepEquals, &jujuclient.ModelDetails{
		ModelUUID: cfg.UUID(),
	})
}

func (s *SwitchSimpleSuite) SetUpTest(c *gc.C) {
	s.FakeJujuXDGDataHomeSuite.SetUpTest(c)
	s.Stub.ResetCalls()
	s.store = jujuclienttesting.NewMemStore()
	s.currentController = ""
	s.onRefresh = nil
}