// BootstrapCluster bootstraps a multiple stores using the provided engines and
// cluster ID. The first bootstrapped store contains a single range spanning
// all keys. Initial range lookup metadata is populated for the range.
//
// Returns a KV client for unittest purposes. Caller should close the returned
// client.
func BootstrapCluster(clusterID string, engines []engine.Engine, stopper *stop.Stopper) (*client.DB, error) {
	ctx := storage.StoreContext{}
	ctx.ScanInterval = 10 * time.Minute
	ctx.Clock = hlc.NewClock(hlc.UnixNano)
	// Create a KV DB with a local sender.
	lSender := kv.NewLocalSender()
	sender := kv.NewTxnCoordSender(lSender, ctx.Clock, false, nil, stopper)
	ctx.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	ctx.Transport = multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(stopper)
	for i, eng := range engines {
		sIdent := roachpb.StoreIdent{
			ClusterID: clusterID,
			NodeID:    1,
			StoreID:   roachpb.StoreID(i + 1),
		}

		// The bootstrapping store will not connect to other nodes so its
		// StoreConfig doesn't really matter.
		s := storage.NewStore(ctx, eng, &roachpb.NodeDescriptor{NodeID: 1})

		// Verify the store isn't already part of a cluster.
		if len(s.Ident.ClusterID) > 0 {
			return nil, util.Errorf("storage engine already belongs to a cluster (%s)", s.Ident.ClusterID)
		}

		// Bootstrap store to persist the store ident.
		if err := s.Bootstrap(sIdent, stopper); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		// Create first range, writing directly to engine. Note this does
		// not create the range, just its data.  Only do this if this is the
		// first store.
		if i == 0 {
			// TODO(marc): this is better than having storage/ import sql, but still
			// not great. Find a better place to keep those.
			initialValues := sql.GetInitialSystemValues()
			if err := s.BootstrapRange(initialValues); err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
		}
		if err := s.Start(stopper); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		lSender.AddStore(s)

		// Initialize node and store ids.  Only initialize the node once.
		if i == 0 {
			if nodeID, err := allocateNodeID(ctx.DB); nodeID != sIdent.NodeID || err != nil {
				return nil, util.Errorf("expected to initialize node id allocator to %d, got %d: %s",
					sIdent.NodeID, nodeID, err)
			}
		}
		if storeID, err := allocateStoreIDs(sIdent.NodeID, 1, ctx.DB); storeID != sIdent.StoreID || err != nil {
			return nil, util.Errorf("expected to initialize store id allocator to %d, got %d: %s",
				sIdent.StoreID, storeID, err)
		}
	}
	return ctx.DB, nil
}

// Test a normal transaction. This and the other metrics tests below use real KV operations,
// because it took far too much mucking with TxnCoordSender internals to mock out the sender
// function as other tests do.
func TestTxnCommit(t *testing.T) {
	defer leaktest.AfterTest(t)()
	_, sender, cleanupFn := setupMetricsTest(t)
	defer cleanupFn()
	value := []byte("value")
	db := client.NewDB(sender)

	// Test normal commit.
	if err := db.Txn(func(txn *client.Txn) error {
		key := []byte("key-commit")

		if err := txn.SetIsolation(roachpb.SNAPSHOT); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if err := txn.Put(key, value); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if err := txn.CommitOrCleanup(); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		return nil
	}); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	teardownHeartbeats(sender)
	checkTxnMetrics(t, sender, "commit txn", 1, 0 /* not 1PC */, 0, 0, 0)
}

// createTestStoreWithEngine creates a test store using the given engine and clock.
// The caller is responsible for closing the store on exit.
func createTestStoreWithEngine(t *testing.T, eng engine.Engine, clock *hlc.Clock,
	bootstrap bool, context *storage.StoreContext) (*storage.Store, *stop.Stopper) {
	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{}, hlc.NewClock(hlc.UnixNano), stopper)
	if context == nil {
		// make a copy
		ctx := storage.TestStoreContext
		context = &ctx
	}
	context.Gossip = gossip.New(rpcContext, gossip.TestInterval, gossip.TestBootstrap)
	lSender := kv.NewLocalSender()
	sender := kv.NewTxnCoordSender(lSender, clock, false, nil, stopper)
	context.Clock = clock
	context.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	context.Transport = multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(stopper)
	// TODO(bdarnell): arrange to have the transport closed.
	store := storage.NewStore(*context, eng, &proto.NodeDescriptor{NodeID: 1})
	if bootstrap {
		if err := store.Bootstrap(proto.StoreIdent{NodeID: 1, StoreID: 1}, stopper); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
	lSender.AddStore(store)
	if bootstrap {
		if err := store.BootstrapRange(nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
	if err := store.Start(stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	return store, stopper
}

func TestTxnAbortCount(t *testing.T) {
	defer leaktest.AfterTest(t)()
	_, sender, cleanupFn := setupMetricsTest(t)
	defer cleanupFn()

	value := []byte("value")
	db := client.NewDB(sender)

	intentionalErrText := "intentional error to cause abort"
	// Test aborted transaction.
	if err := db.Txn(func(txn *client.Txn) error {
		key := []byte("key-abort")

		if err := txn.SetIsolation(roachpb.SNAPSHOT); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if err := txn.Put(key, value); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		return errors.New(intentionalErrText)
	}); !testutils.IsError(err, intentionalErrText) {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
	}
	teardownHeartbeats(sender)
	checkTxnMetrics(t, sender, "abort txn", 0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
}

func TestTxnAbandonCount(t *testing.T) {
	defer leaktest.AfterTest(t)()
	manual, sender, cleanupFn := setupMetricsTest(t)
	defer cleanupFn()
	value := []byte("value")
	db := client.NewDB(sender)

	// Test abandoned transaction by making the client timeout ridiculously short. We also set
	// the sender to heartbeat very frequently, because the heartbeat detects and tears down
	// abandoned transactions.
	sender.heartbeatInterval = 2 * time.Millisecond
	sender.clientTimeout = 1 * time.Millisecond
	if err := db.Txn(func(txn *client.Txn) error {
		key := []byte("key-abandon")

		if err := txn.SetIsolation(roachpb.SNAPSHOT); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if err := txn.Put(key, value); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		manual.Increment(int64(sender.clientTimeout + sender.heartbeatInterval*2))

		checkTxnMetrics(t, sender, "abandon txn", 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)

		return nil
	}); !testutils.IsError(err, "writing transaction timed out") {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
	}
}

// Start starts the test cluster by bootstrapping an in-memory store
// (defaults to maximum of 50M). The server is started, launching the
// node RPC server and all HTTP endpoints. Use the value of
// TestServer.Addr after Start() for client connections. Use Stop()
// to shutdown the server after the test completes.
func (ltc *LocalTestCluster) Start(t util.Tester) {
	ltc.Manual = hlc.NewManualClock(0)
	ltc.Clock = hlc.NewClock(ltc.Manual.UnixNano)
	ltc.Stopper = stop.NewStopper()
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(testutils.NewNodeTestBaseContext(), ltc.Clock, ltc.Stopper)
	ltc.Gossip = gossip.New(rpcContext, gossip.TestInterval, gossip.TestBootstrap)
	ltc.Eng = engine.NewInMem(proto.Attributes{}, 50<<20)
	ltc.lSender = newRetryableLocalSender(NewLocalSender())
	ltc.Sender = NewTxnCoordSender(ltc.lSender, ltc.Clock, false, nil, ltc.Stopper)
	ltc.DB = client.NewDB(ltc.Sender)
	transport := multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(ltc.Stopper)
	ltc.Stopper.AddCloser(transport)
	ctx := storage.TestStoreContext
	ctx.Clock = ltc.Clock
	ctx.DB = ltc.DB
	ctx.Gossip = ltc.Gossip
	ctx.Transport = transport
	ltc.Store = storage.NewStore(ctx, ltc.Eng, &proto.NodeDescriptor{NodeID: 1})
	if err := ltc.Store.Bootstrap(proto.StoreIdent{NodeID: 1, StoreID: 1}, ltc.Stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unable to start local test cluster: %s", err)
	}
	ltc.lSender.AddStore(ltc.Store)
	if err := ltc.Store.BootstrapRange(nil); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unable to start local test cluster: %s", err)
	}
	if err := ltc.Store.Start(ltc.Stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unable to start local test cluster: %s", err)
	}
}

// createTestStoreWithoutStart creates a test store using an in-memory
// engine without starting the store. It returns the store, the store
// clock's manual unix nanos time and a stopper. The caller is
// responsible for stopping the stopper upon completion.
func createTestStoreWithoutStart(t *testing.T) (*Store, *hlc.ManualClock, *stop.Stopper) {
	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	// Setup fake zone config handler.
	config.TestingSetupZoneConfigHook(stopper)
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{}, hlc.NewClock(hlc.UnixNano), stopper)
	ctx := TestStoreContext
	ctx.Gossip = gossip.New(rpcContext, gossip.TestInterval, gossip.TestBootstrap)
	ctx.StorePool = NewStorePool(ctx.Gossip, TestTimeUntilStoreDeadOff, stopper)
	manual := hlc.NewManualClock(0)
	ctx.Clock = hlc.NewClock(manual.UnixNano)
	eng := engine.NewInMem(roachpb.Attributes{}, 10<<20, stopper)
	ctx.Transport = multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(stopper)
	stopper.AddCloser(ctx.Transport)
	sender := &testSender{}
	ctx.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	store := NewStore(ctx, eng, &roachpb.NodeDescriptor{NodeID: 1})
	sender.store = store
	if err := store.Bootstrap(roachpb.StoreIdent{NodeID: 1, StoreID: 1}, stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	if err := store.BootstrapRange(nil); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	return store, manual, stopper
}

// createTestStoreWithEngine creates a test store using the given engine and clock.
// The caller is responsible for closing the store on exit.
func createTestStoreWithEngine(t *testing.T, eng engine.Engine, clock *hlc.Clock,
	bootstrap bool, sCtx *storage.StoreContext) (*storage.Store, *stop.Stopper) {
	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{}, clock, stopper)
	if sCtx == nil {
		// make a copy
		ctx := storage.TestStoreContext
		sCtx = &ctx
	}
	nodeDesc := &proto.NodeDescriptor{NodeID: 1}
	sCtx.Gossip = gossip.New(rpcContext, gossip.TestInterval, gossip.TestBootstrap)
	localSender := kv.NewLocalSender()
	rpcSend := func(_ rpc.Options, _ string, _ []net.Addr,
		getArgs func(addr net.Addr) gogoproto.Message, getReply func() gogoproto.Message,
		_ *rpc.Context) ([]gogoproto.Message, error) {
		call := proto.Call{
			Args:  getArgs(nil /* net.Addr */).(proto.Request),
			Reply: getReply().(proto.Response),
		}
		localSender.Send(context.Background(), call)
		return []gogoproto.Message{call.Reply}, call.Reply.Header().GoError()
	}

	// Mostly makes sure that we don't see a warning per request.
	{
		if err := sCtx.Gossip.AddInfoProto(gossip.MakeNodeIDKey(nodeDesc.NodeID), nodeDesc, time.Hour); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if err := sCtx.Gossip.SetNodeDescriptor(nodeDesc); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
	distSender := kv.NewDistSender(&kv.DistSenderContext{
		Clock:             clock,
		RPCSend:           rpcSend,     // defined above
		RangeDescriptorDB: localSender, // for descriptor lookup
	}, sCtx.Gossip)

	sender := kv.NewTxnCoordSender(distSender, clock, false, nil, stopper)
	sCtx.Clock = clock
	sCtx.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	sCtx.Transport = multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(stopper)
	// TODO(bdarnell): arrange to have the transport closed.
	store := storage.NewStore(*sCtx, eng, nodeDesc)
	if bootstrap {
		if err := store.Bootstrap(proto.StoreIdent{NodeID: 1, StoreID: 1}, stopper); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
	localSender.AddStore(store)
	if bootstrap {
		if err := store.BootstrapRange(sql.GetInitialSystemValues()); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
	if err := store.Start(stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	return store, stopper
}

func newKVNative(b *testing.B) kvInterface {
	enableTracing := tracing.Disable()
	s := server.StartTestServer(b)

	// TestServer.DB() returns the TxnCoordSender wrapped client. But that isn't
	// a fair comparison with SQL as we want these client requests to be sent
	// over the network.
	sender, err := client.NewSender(
		rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{
			User:       security.NodeUser,
			SSLCA:      filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, security.EmbeddedCACert),
			SSLCert:    filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, "node.crt"),
			SSLCertKey: filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, "node.key"),
		}, nil, s.Stopper()),
		s.ServingAddr())
	if err != nil {
		b.Fatal(err)
	}

	return &kvNative{
		db: client.NewDB(sender),
		doneFn: func() {
			s.Stop()
			enableTracing()
		},
	}
}

// createTestNode creates an rpc server using the specified address,
// gossip instance, KV database and a node using the specified slice
// of engines. The server, clock and node are returned. If gossipBS is
// not nil, the gossip bootstrap address is set to gossipBS.
func createTestNode(addr net.Addr, engines []engine.Engine, gossipBS net.Addr, t *testing.T) (
	*rpc.Server, *hlc.Clock, *Node, *stop.Stopper) {
	ctx := storage.StoreContext{}

	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	ctx.Clock = hlc.NewClock(hlc.UnixNano)
	nodeRPCContext := rpc.NewContext(nodeTestBaseContext, ctx.Clock, stopper)
	ctx.ScanInterval = 10 * time.Hour
	rpcServer := rpc.NewServer(addr, nodeRPCContext)
	if err := rpcServer.Start(); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	g := gossip.New(nodeRPCContext, testContext.GossipInterval, testContext.GossipBootstrapResolvers)
	if gossipBS != nil {
		// Handle possibility of a :0 port specification.
		if gossipBS == addr {
			gossipBS = rpcServer.Addr()
		}
		g.SetResolvers([]resolver.Resolver{resolver.NewResolverFromAddress(gossipBS)})
		g.Start(rpcServer, stopper)
	}
	ctx.Gossip = g
	sender := kv.NewDistSender(&kv.DistSenderContext{Clock: ctx.Clock}, g)
	ctx.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	// TODO(bdarnell): arrange to have the transport closed.
	// (or attach LocalRPCTransport.Close to the stopper)
	ctx.Transport = multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(stopper)
	ctx.EventFeed = util.NewFeed(stopper)
	node := NewNode(ctx)
	return rpcServer, ctx.Clock, node, stopper
}

func TestTxnRestartCount(t *testing.T) {
	defer leaktest.AfterTest(t)()
	_, sender, cleanupFn := setupMetricsTest(t)
	defer cleanupFn()

	key := []byte("key-restart")
	value := []byte("value")
	db := client.NewDB(sender)

	// Start a transaction and do a GET. This forces a timestamp to be chosen for the transaction.
	txn := client.NewTxn(*db)
	if _, err := txn.Get(key); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	// Outside of the transaction, read the same key as was read within the transaction. This
	// means that future attempts to write will increase the timestamp.
	if _, err := db.Get(key); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	// This put increases the candidate timestamp, which causes an immediate restart.
	if err := txn.Put(key, value); err == nil {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected success")
	}
	teardownHeartbeats(sender)
	checkTxnMetrics(t, sender, "restart txn", 0, 1, 0, 1)
}

// Start starts the test cluster by bootstrapping an in-memory store
// (defaults to maximum of 50M). The server is started, launching the
// node RPC server and all HTTP endpoints. Use the value of
// TestServer.Addr after Start() for client connections. Use Stop()
// to shutdown the server after the test completes.
func (ltc *LocalTestCluster) Start(t util.Tester) {

	nodeDesc := &proto.NodeDescriptor{NodeID: 1}
	ltc.tester = t
	ltc.Manual = hlc.NewManualClock(0)
	ltc.Clock = hlc.NewClock(ltc.Manual.UnixNano)
	ltc.Stopper = stop.NewStopper()
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(testutils.NewNodeTestBaseContext(), ltc.Clock, ltc.Stopper)
	ltc.Gossip = gossip.New(rpcContext, gossip.TestInterval, gossip.TestBootstrap)
	ltc.Eng = engine.NewInMem(proto.Attributes{}, 50<<20, ltc.Stopper)

	ltc.localSender = NewLocalSender()
	var rpcSend rpcSendFn = func(_ rpc.Options, _ string, _ []net.Addr,
		getArgs func(addr net.Addr) gogoproto.Message, getReply func() gogoproto.Message,
		_ *rpc.Context) ([]gogoproto.Message, error) {
		// TODO(tschottdorf): remove getReply().
		br, pErr := ltc.localSender.Send(context.Background(), *getArgs(nil).(*proto.BatchRequest))
		if br == nil {
			br = &proto.BatchResponse{}
		}
		if br.Error != nil {
			panic(proto.ErrorUnexpectedlySet(ltc.localSender, br))
		}
		br.Error = pErr
		return []gogoproto.Message{br}, nil
	}
	ltc.distSender = NewDistSender(&DistSenderContext{
		Clock: ltc.Clock,
		RangeDescriptorCacheSize: defaultRangeDescriptorCacheSize,
		RangeLookupMaxRanges:     defaultRangeLookupMaxRanges,
		LeaderCacheSize:          defaultLeaderCacheSize,
		RPCRetryOptions:          &defaultRPCRetryOptions,
		nodeDescriptor:           nodeDesc,
		RPCSend:                  rpcSend,         // defined above
		RangeDescriptorDB:        ltc.localSender, // for descriptor lookup
	}, ltc.Gossip)

	ltc.Sender = NewTxnCoordSender(ltc.distSender, ltc.Clock, false /* !linearizable */, nil /* tracer */, ltc.Stopper)
	ltc.DB = client.NewDB(ltc.Sender)

	transport := multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(ltc.Stopper)
	ltc.Stopper.AddCloser(transport)
	ctx := storage.TestStoreContext
	ctx.Clock = ltc.Clock
	ctx.DB = ltc.DB
	ctx.Gossip = ltc.Gossip
	ctx.Transport = transport
	ltc.Store = storage.NewStore(ctx, ltc.Eng, nodeDesc)
	if err := ltc.Store.Bootstrap(proto.StoreIdent{NodeID: 1, StoreID: 1}, ltc.Stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unable to start local test cluster: %s", err)
	}
	ltc.localSender.AddStore(ltc.Store)
	if err := ltc.Store.BootstrapRange(nil); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unable to start local test cluster: %s", err)
	}
	if err := ltc.Store.Start(ltc.Stopper); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unable to start local test cluster: %s", err)
	}
}

func (m *multiTestContext) Start(t *testing.T, numStores int) {
	m.t = t
	if m.manualClock == nil {
		m.manualClock = hlc.NewManualClock(0)
	}
	if m.clock == nil {
		m.clock = hlc.NewClock(m.manualClock.UnixNano)
	}
	if m.gossip == nil {
		rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{}, m.clock, nil)
		m.gossip = gossip.New(rpcContext, gossip.TestInterval, gossip.TestBootstrap)
	}
	if m.clientStopper == nil {
		m.clientStopper = stop.NewStopper()
	}
	if m.transport == nil {
		m.transport = multiraft.NewLocalRPCTransport(m.clientStopper)
	}
	if m.storePool == nil {
		if m.timeUntilStoreDead == 0 {
			m.timeUntilStoreDead = storage.TestTimeUntilStoreDeadOff
		}
		m.storePool = storage.NewStorePool(m.gossip, m.timeUntilStoreDead, m.clientStopper)
	}

	// Always create the first sender.
	m.senders = append(m.senders, kv.NewLocalSender())

	rpcSend := func(_ rpc.Options, _ string, _ []net.Addr,
		getArgs func(addr net.Addr) gogoproto.Message, getReply func() gogoproto.Message,
		_ *rpc.Context) ([]gogoproto.Message, error) {
		call := proto.Call{
			Args:  getArgs(nil /* net.Addr */).(proto.Request),
			Reply: getReply().(proto.Response),
		}
		m.senders[0].Send(context.Background(), call)
		return []gogoproto.Message{call.Reply}, call.Reply.Header().GoError()
	}

	if m.db == nil {
		distSender := kv.NewDistSender(&kv.DistSenderContext{
			Clock:             m.clock,
			RangeDescriptorDB: m.senders[0],
			RPCSend:           rpcSend,
		}, m.gossip)
		sender := kv.NewTxnCoordSender(distSender, m.clock, false, nil, m.clientStopper)
		m.db = client.NewDB(sender)
	}

	for i := 0; i < numStores; i++ {
		m.addStore()
	}
	if m.transportStopper == nil {
		m.transportStopper = stop.NewStopper()
	}
	m.transportStopper.AddCloser(m.transport)
}

// TestInconsistentReads tests that the methods that generate inconsistent reads
// generate outgoing requests with an INCONSISTENT read consistency.
func TestInconsistentReads(t *testing.T) {
	defer leaktest.AfterTest(t)()

	// Mock out DistSender's sender function to check the read consistency for
	// outgoing BatchRequests and return an empty reply.
	var senderFn client.SenderFunc
	senderFn = func(_ context.Context, ba roachpb.BatchRequest) (*roachpb.BatchResponse, *roachpb.Error) {
		if ba.ReadConsistency != roachpb.INCONSISTENT {
			return nil, roachpb.NewErrorf("BatchRequest has unexpected ReadConsistency %s",
				ba.ReadConsistency)
		}
		return ba.CreateReply(), nil
	}
	db := client.NewDB(senderFn)

	prepInconsistent := func() *client.Batch {
		var b client.Batch
		b.Header.ReadConsistency = roachpb.INCONSISTENT
		return &b
	}

	// Perform inconsistent reads through the mocked sender function.
	{
		key := roachpb.Key([]byte("key"))
		b := prepInconsistent()
		b.Get(key)
		if err := db.Run(b); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}

	{
		b := prepInconsistent()
		key1 := roachpb.Key([]byte("key1"))
		key2 := roachpb.Key([]byte("key2"))
		const dontCareMaxRows = 1000
		b.Scan(key1, key2, dontCareMaxRows)
		if err := db.Run(b); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}

	{
		key := roachpb.Key([]byte("key"))
		b := db.NewBatch()
		b.Header.ReadConsistency = roachpb.INCONSISTENT
		b.Get(key)
		if err := db.Run(b); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
}

func createTestClientForUser(t *testing.T, stopper *stop.Stopper, addr, user string) *client.DB {
	var ctx base.Context
	ctx.InitDefaults()
	ctx.User = user
	ctx.SSLCA = filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, security.EmbeddedCACert)
	ctx.SSLCert = filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.crt", user))
	ctx.SSLCertKey = filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.key", user))
	sender, err := client.NewSender(rpc.NewContext(&ctx, nil, stopper), addr)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	return client.NewDB(sender)
}

func createTestClientForUser(t *testing.T, stopper *stop.Stopper, addr, user string) *client.DB {
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{
		User:       user,
		SSLCA:      filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, security.EmbeddedCACert),
		SSLCert:    filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.crt", user)),
		SSLCertKey: filepath.Join(security.EmbeddedCertsDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.key", user)),
	}, nil, stopper)
	sender, err := client.NewSender(rpcContext, addr)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	return client.NewDB(sender)
}

// NewClient implements the Cluster interface.
func (l *LocalCluster) NewClient(t *testing.T, i int) (*roachClient.DB, *stop.Stopper) {
	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	rpcContext := rpc.NewContext(&base.Context{
		User:       security.NodeUser,
		SSLCA:      filepath.Join(l.CertsDir, security.EmbeddedCACert),
		SSLCert:    filepath.Join(l.CertsDir, security.EmbeddedNodeCert),
		SSLCertKey: filepath.Join(l.CertsDir, security.EmbeddedNodeKey),
	}, nil, stopper)
	sender, err := roachClient.NewSender(rpcContext, l.Nodes[i].Addr(DefaultTCP).String())
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	return roachClient.NewDB(sender), stopper
}

// createTestNode creates an rpc server using the specified address,
// gossip instance, KV database and a node using the specified slice
// of engines. The server, clock and node are returned. If gossipBS is
// not nil, the gossip bootstrap address is set to gossipBS.
func createTestNode(addr net.Addr, engines []engine.Engine, gossipBS net.Addr, t *testing.T) (
	*rpc.Server, net.Addr, *hlc.Clock, *Node, *stop.Stopper) {
	ctx := storage.StoreContext{}

	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	ctx.Clock = hlc.NewClock(hlc.UnixNano)
	nodeRPCContext := rpc.NewContext(nodeTestBaseContext, ctx.Clock, stopper)
	ctx.ScanInterval = 10 * time.Hour
	rpcServer := rpc.NewServer(nodeRPCContext)
	grpcServer := grpc.NewServer()
	tlsConfig, err := nodeRPCContext.GetServerTLSConfig()
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	ln, err := util.ListenAndServe(stopper, grpcutil.GRPCHandlerFunc(grpcServer, rpcServer), addr, tlsConfig)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	g := gossip.New(nodeRPCContext, testContext.GossipBootstrapResolvers, stopper)
	if gossipBS != nil {
		// Handle possibility of a :0 port specification.
		if gossipBS.Network() == addr.Network() && gossipBS.String() == addr.String() {
			gossipBS = ln.Addr()
		}
		r, err := resolver.NewResolverFromAddress(gossipBS)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("bad gossip address %s: %s", gossipBS, err)
		}
		g.SetResolvers([]resolver.Resolver{r})
		g.Start(grpcServer, ln.Addr())
	}
	ctx.Gossip = g
	retryOpts := kv.GetDefaultDistSenderRetryOptions()
	retryOpts.Closer = stopper.ShouldDrain()
	distSender := kv.NewDistSender(&kv.DistSenderContext{
		Clock:           ctx.Clock,
		RPCContext:      nodeRPCContext,
		RPCRetryOptions: &retryOpts,
	}, g)
	tracer := tracing.NewTracer()
	sender := kv.NewTxnCoordSender(distSender, ctx.Clock, false, tracer, stopper)
	ctx.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	// TODO(bdarnell): arrange to have the transport closed.
	// (or attach LocalRPCTransport.Close to the stopper)
	ctx.Transport = storage.NewLocalRPCTransport(stopper)
	ctx.EventFeed = util.NewFeed(stopper)
	ctx.Tracer = tracer
	node := NewNode(ctx, metric.NewRegistry(), stopper, nil)
	return rpcServer, ln.Addr(), ctx.Clock, node, stopper
}

func makeDBClient() (*client.DB, *stop.Stopper) {
	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	context := &base.Context{
		User:       security.NodeUser,
		SSLCA:      cliContext.SSLCA,
		SSLCert:    cliContext.SSLCert,
		SSLCertKey: cliContext.SSLCertKey,
		Insecure:   cliContext.Insecure,
	}
	sender, err := client.NewSender(rpc.NewContext(context, nil, stopper), cliContext.Addr)
	if err != nil {
		stopper.Stop()
		panicf("failed to initialize KV client: %s", err)
	}
	return client.NewDB(sender), stopper
}

// createTestNode creates an rpc server using the specified address,
// gossip instance, KV database and a node using the specified slice
// of engines. The server, clock and node are returned. If gossipBS is
// not nil, the gossip bootstrap address is set to gossipBS.
func createTestNode(addr net.Addr, engines []engine.Engine, gossipBS net.Addr, t *testing.T) (
	*grpc.Server, net.Addr, *hlc.Clock, *Node, *stop.Stopper) {
	ctx := storage.StoreContext{}

	stopper := stop.NewStopper()
	ctx.Clock = hlc.NewClock(hlc.UnixNano)
	nodeRPCContext := rpc.NewContext(nodeTestBaseContext, ctx.Clock, stopper)
	ctx.ScanInterval = 10 * time.Hour
	ctx.ConsistencyCheckInterval = 10 * time.Hour
	grpcServer := rpc.NewServer(nodeRPCContext)
	ln, err := util.ListenAndServeGRPC(stopper, grpcServer, addr)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	serverCtx := NewTestContext()
	g := gossip.New(nodeRPCContext, serverCtx.GossipBootstrapResolvers, stopper)
	if gossipBS != nil {
		// Handle possibility of a :0 port specification.
		if gossipBS.Network() == addr.Network() && gossipBS.String() == addr.String() {
			gossipBS = ln.Addr()
		}
		r, err := resolver.NewResolverFromAddress(gossipBS)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("bad gossip address %s: %s", gossipBS, err)
		}
		g.SetResolvers([]resolver.Resolver{r})
		g.Start(grpcServer, ln.Addr())
	}
	ctx.Gossip = g
	retryOpts := kv.GetDefaultDistSenderRetryOptions()
	retryOpts.Closer = stopper.ShouldDrain()
	distSender := kv.NewDistSender(&kv.DistSenderContext{
		Clock:           ctx.Clock,
		RPCContext:      nodeRPCContext,
		RPCRetryOptions: &retryOpts,
	}, g)
	tracer := tracing.NewTracer()
	sender := kv.NewTxnCoordSender(distSender, ctx.Clock, false, tracer, stopper,
		kv.NewTxnMetrics(metric.NewRegistry()))
	ctx.DB = client.NewDB(sender)
	ctx.Transport = storage.NewDummyRaftTransport()
	ctx.Tracer = tracer
	node := NewNode(ctx, status.NewMetricsRecorder(ctx.Clock), stopper,
		kv.NewTxnMetrics(metric.NewRegistry()), sql.MakeEventLogger(nil))
	roachpb.RegisterInternalServer(grpcServer, node)
	return grpcServer, ln.Addr(), ctx.Clock, node, stopper
}