public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            View = new UIView(){ BackgroundColor = UIColor.White};
            base.ViewDidLoad();

            var label = new UILabel(new RectangleF(10, 10, 300, 40));
            Add(label);
            var textField = new UITextField(new RectangleF(10, 50, 300, 40));
            Add(textField);
            var button = new UIButton(UIButtonType.RoundedRect);
            button.SetTitle("Click Me", UIControlState.Normal);
            button.Frame = new RectangleF(10, 90, 300, 40);
            Add(button);
            var button2 = new UIButton(UIButtonType.RoundedRect);
            button2.SetTitle("Go Second", UIControlState.Normal);
            button2.Frame = new RectangleF(10, 130, 300, 40);
            Add(button2);

            var set = this.CreateBindingSet<FirstView, Core.ViewModels.FirstViewModel>();
            set.Bind(label).To(vm => vm.Hello);
            set.Bind(textField).To(vm => vm.Hello);
            set.Bind(button).To(vm => vm.MyCommand);
            set.Bind(button2).To(vm => vm.GoSecondCommand);
            set.Apply();
        }

 void ConfigureTextField(UITextField field)
 {
     field.LeftView = new UIView (new RectangleF(0, 0, 5, 31));
     field.LeftViewMode = UITextFieldViewMode.Always;
     field.ShouldReturn = TextFieldShouldReturn;
     Xamarin.Themes.CashflowTheme.Apply (field);
 }

		//========================================================================================================================================
		//  PRIVATE METHODS
		//========================================================================================================================================
		private void initCell()
		{
			this.TextLabel.Text = "On:";
			this.TextLabel.TextColor = UIColor.LightGray;
			this.tf = new UITextField ();
			this.AccessoryView = tf;
		}

        public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            View.BackgroundColor = UIColor.White;
            base.ViewDidLoad();

            var button = new UIButton(UIButtonType.RoundedRect);
            button.SetTitle("Search", UIControlState.Normal);
            Add(button);

            var text = new UITextField() { BorderStyle = UITextBorderStyle.RoundedRect };
            Add(text);

            View.SubviewsDoNotTranslateAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints();

            var set = this.CreateBindingSet<SearchView, SearchViewModel>();
            set.Bind(button).To("Search");
            set.Bind(text).To(vm => vm.SearchText);
            set.Apply();

            var hPadding = 10;
            var vPadding = 10;
            var ButtonWidth = 100;

            View.AddConstraints(

                    button.AtTopOf(View).Plus(vPadding),
                    button.AtRightOf(View).Minus(hPadding),
                    button.Width().EqualTo(ButtonWidth),

                    text.AtLeftOf(View, hPadding),
                    text.ToLeftOf(button, hPadding),
                    text.WithSameTop(button)

                );
        }

        public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            View = new UIView(){ BackgroundColor = UIColor.White};
            base.ViewDidLoad();

            // ios7 layout
            if (RespondsToSelector(new Selector("edgesForExtendedLayout")))
                EdgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdge.None;


            var label = new ShapeLabel(new RectangleF(10, 10, 300, 40));
            Add(label);
            var textField = new UITextField(new RectangleF(10, 50, 300, 40));
            Add(textField);
            var shapeView = new ShapeView(new RectangleF(60, 90, 200, 200));
            Add(shapeView);

            var picker = new UIPickerView();
            var pickerViewModel = new MvxPickerViewModel(picker);
            picker.Model = pickerViewModel;
            picker.ShowSelectionIndicator = true;
            textField.InputView = picker;

            var set = this.CreateBindingSet<FirstView, Core.ViewModels.FirstViewModel>();
            set.Bind(label).For(s => s.TheShape).To(vm => vm.Shape);
            set.Bind(textField).To(vm => vm.Shape);
            set.Bind(pickerViewModel).For(p => p.ItemsSource).To(vm => vm.List);
            set.Bind(pickerViewModel).For(p => p.SelectedItem).To(vm => vm.Shape);
            set.Bind(shapeView).For(s => s.TheShape).To(vm => vm.Shape);
            set.Apply();

            var g = new UITapGestureRecognizer(() => textField.ResignFirstResponder());
            View.AddGestureRecognizer(g);
        }

	private string OnValidateName( UITextField field, string text, ref int insPos)
	{
		while( true)
		{
			int byteCount = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount( text);
//			int charCount = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetCharCount( System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes( text));
			if( byteCount <= AsGameDefine.ePARTYNOTICE)
				break;

			text = text.Remove( text.Length - 1);
		}
		
		// #22671
		int index = 0;
		
		index =  text.IndexOf('\'');
		if(-1 != index)
			text = text.Remove( index);
		
		index =  text.IndexOf('\n');
		if(-1 != index)
			text = text.Remove( index);
		
		index =  text.IndexOf('\r');
		if(-1 != index)
			text = text.Remove( index);		
		
		return text;
	}

		public override void ViewDidLoad ()
		{
			base.ViewDidLoad ();
			
			// Perform any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

			var textView = new UITextField
			{
				Placeholder = "Your name",
				BorderStyle = UITextBorderStyle.RoundedRect,
				Frame = new RectangleF(10, 10, 200, 50)
			};

			//textView .AddConstraints (new[] {

				//size
			//	NSLayoutConstraint.Create (textView , NSLayoutAttribute.Height, NSLayoutRelation.Equal, null, NSLayoutAttribute.NoAttribute, 1, 14),
			//	NSLayoutConstraint.Create (textView , NSLayoutAttribute.Width, NSLayoutRelation.Equal, null, NSLayoutAttribute.NoAttribute, 1, 80),

				//location
			//	NSLayoutConstraint.Create (textView , NSLayoutAttribute.Left, NSLayoutRelation.Equal, mainView, NSLayoutAttribute.Left, 1, 10),
			//	NSLayoutConstraint.Create (textView , NSLayoutAttribute.Top, NSLayoutRelation.Equal, mainView, NSLayoutAttribute.Top, 1, 10),
			///
			//});

			this.View.AddSubview(textView);
		}

        public static bool ShoudChange(UITextField textField, NSRange range, string toString)
        {
            int length = getLength (textField.Text);

            if(length == 10)
            {
                if(range.Length == 0)
                    return false;
            }

            if(length == 3)
            {
                string num = formatNumber(textField.Text);
                textField.Text = string.Format ("({0}) ", num);
                if(range.Length > 0)
                    textField.Text = string.Format ("{0}", num.Substring(0, 3));
            }
            else if(length == 6)
            {
                string num = formatNumber(textField.Text);

                textField.Text = string.Format ("({0}) {1}-",num.Substring (0, 3) ,num.Substring (3));
                if(range.Length > 0)
                    textField.Text = string.Format ("({0}) {1}",num.Substring (0, 3) ,num.Substring (3));
            }

            return true;
        }

        public PersonView()
        {
            BackgroundColor = UIColor.LightGray;

            var textFieldName = new UITextField(new RectangleF(10, 10, 320, 40));
            Add(textFieldName);
            var textFieldLastName = new UITextField(new RectangleF(10, 50, 320, 40));
            Add(textFieldLastName);

            var addressView = new AddressUIView();
            addressView.Frame = new RectangleF(10, 90, 320, 140);
            Add(addressView);

            var addressView2 = new AddressUIView();
            addressView2.Frame = new RectangleF(10, 250, 320, 140);
            addressView2.BackgroundColor = UIColor.Red;
            Add(addressView2);

            this.DelayBind(() =>
            {
                var set = this.CreateBindingSet<PersonView, PersonViewModel>();
                set.Bind(textFieldName).To(vm => vm.FirstName);
                set.Bind(textFieldLastName).To(vm => vm.LastName);
                set.Bind(addressView).For(add => add.DataContext).To(vm => vm.HomeAddress);
                set.Bind(addressView2).For(add => add.DataContext).To(vm => vm.WorkAddress);
                set.Apply();
            });
        }        

		public static void makeSettings(UIHelperBase helper) {
			UIHelperBase group = helper.AddGroup("Traffic Manager: President Edition (Settings are defined for each savegame separately)");
			simAccuracyDropdown = group.AddDropdown("Simulation accuracy (higher accuracy reduces performance):", new string[] { "Very high", "High", "Medium", "Low", "Very Low" }, simAccuracy, onSimAccuracyChanged) as UIDropDown;
			recklessDriversDropdown = group.AddDropdown("Reckless driving (BETA feature):", new string[] { "Path Of Evil (10 %)", "Rush Hour (5 %)", "Minor Complaints (2 %)", "Holy City (0 %)" }, recklessDrivers, onRecklessDriversChanged) as UIDropDown;
			relaxedBussesToggle = group.AddCheckbox("Busses may ignore lane arrows", relaxedBusses, onRelaxedBussesChanged) as UICheckBox;
#if DEBUG
			allRelaxedToggle = group.AddCheckbox("All vehicles may ignore lane arrows", allRelaxed, onAllRelaxedChanged) as UICheckBox;
#endif
			mayEnterBlockedJunctionsToggle = group.AddCheckbox("Vehicles may enter blocked junctions", mayEnterBlockedJunctions, onMayEnterBlockedJunctionsChanged) as UICheckBox;
			UIHelperBase groupAI = helper.AddGroup("Advanced Vehicle AI");
			advancedAIToggle = groupAI.AddCheckbox("Enable Advanced Vehicle AI", advancedAI, onAdvancedAIChanged) as UICheckBox;
			highwayRulesToggle = groupAI.AddCheckbox("Enable highway specific lane merging/splitting rules", highwayRules, onHighwayRulesChanged) as UICheckBox;
			laneChangingRandomizationDropdown = groupAI.AddDropdown("Drivers want to change lanes (only applied if Advanced AI is enabled):", new string[] { "Very often (50 %)", "Often (25 %)", "Sometimes (10 %)", "Rarely (5 %)", "Very rarely (2.5 %)", "Only if necessary" }, laneChangingRandomization, onLaneChangingRandomizationChanged) as UIDropDown;
//#if DEBUG
			UIHelperBase senseAI = helper.AddGroup("Avoidance of lanes with high traffic density (low - high)");
			carCityTrafficSensitivitySlider = senseAI.AddSlider("Cars, city:", 0f, 1f, 0.05f, carCityTrafficSensitivity, onCarCityTrafficSensitivityChange) as UISlider;
			carHighwayTrafficSensitivitySlider = senseAI.AddSlider("Cars, highway:", 0f, 1f, 0.05f, carHighwayTrafficSensitivity, onCarHighwayTrafficSensitivityChange) as UISlider;
			truckCityTrafficSensitivitySlider = senseAI.AddSlider("Trucks, city:", 0f, 1f, 0.05f, truckCityTrafficSensitivity, onTruckCityTrafficSensitivityChange) as UISlider;
			truckHighwayTrafficSensitivitySlider = senseAI.AddSlider("Trucks, highway:", 0f, 1f, 0.05f, truckHighwayTrafficSensitivity, onTruckHighwayTrafficSensitivityChange) as UISlider;
//#endif
			UIHelperBase group2 = helper.AddGroup("Maintenance");
			group2.AddButton("Forget toggled traffic lights", onClickForgetToggledLights);
			nodesOverlayToggle = group2.AddCheckbox("Show nodes and segments", nodesOverlay, onNodesOverlayChanged) as UICheckBox;
			showLanesToggle = group2.AddCheckbox("Show lanes", showLanes, onShowLanesChanged) as UICheckBox;
#if DEBUG
			pathCostMultiplicatorField = group2.AddTextfield("Pathcost multiplicator", String.Format("{0:0.##}", pathCostMultiplicator), onPathCostMultiplicatorChanged) as UITextField;
#endif
		}

        public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            base.ViewDidLoad ();

            emailField = new UITextField {
                AutocapitalizationType = UITextAutocapitalizationType.None,
                AutocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionType.No,
                KeyboardType = UIKeyboardType.EmailAddress,
                Placeholder = "Email",
                Frame = new RectangleF (10, 60, 300, 33),
                ReturnKeyType = UIReturnKeyType.Next,
                ShouldReturn = delegate {
                    passwordField.BecomeFirstResponder ();
                    return true;
                },
            };
            View.AddSubview (emailField);

            passwordField = new UITextField {
                AutocapitalizationType = UITextAutocapitalizationType.None,
                AutocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionType.No,
                Placeholder = "Password",
                SecureTextEntry = true,
                Frame = new RectangleF (10, 110, 300, 33),
                ReturnKeyType = UIReturnKeyType.Done,
                ShouldReturn = delegate {
                    ResignFirstResponder ();
                    TrySignin ();
                    return true;
                },
            };
            View.AddSubview (passwordField);
        }

		public override void ViewDidLoad()
		{
			base.ViewDidLoad();

			//Text Field
			message = new UITextField(new RectangleF(0, 0, 240, 32))
			{
				BorderStyle = UITextBorderStyle.RoundedRect,
				ReturnKeyType = UIReturnKeyType.Send,
				ShouldReturn = _ =>
				{
					Send();
					return false;
				},
			};

			//Bar button item
			send = new UIBarButtonItem("Send", UIBarButtonItemStyle.Plain, (sender, e) => Send());

			//Toolbar
			toolbar = new UIToolbar(new RectangleF(0, TableView.Frame.Height - 44, TableView.Frame.Width, 44));
			toolbar.Items = new UIBarButtonItem[]
			{
				new UIBarButtonItem(message),
				send
			};
			NavigationController.View.AddSubview(toolbar);

			TableView.Source = new TableSource();
			TableView.TableFooterView = new UIView(new RectangleF(0, 0, TableView.Frame.Width, 44))
			{
				BackgroundColor = UIColor.Clear,
			};
		}

        public void EditingStarted(UITextField textField)
        {
            RectangleF textFieldRect = this.View.Window.ConvertRectFromView (textField.Bounds, textField);
            RectangleF viewRect = this.View.Window.ConvertRectFromView (this.View.Bounds, this.View);
            float midline = (float)(textFieldRect.Y + 0.5 * textFieldRect.Size.Height);
            float numerator = midline - viewRect.Y - MINIMUM_SCROLL_FRACTION * viewRect.Size.Height;
            float denominator = (MAXIMUM_SCROLL_FRACTION - MINIMUM_SCROLL_FRACTION) * viewRect.Size.Height;

            float heightFraction = numerator / denominator;
            if (heightFraction < 0.0) {
                heightFraction = 0.0f;
            } else if (heightFraction > 1.0) {
                heightFraction = 1.0f;
            }

            UIInterfaceOrientation orientation = UIApplication.SharedApplication.StatusBarOrientation;

            if (orientation == UIInterfaceOrientation.Portrait || orientation == UIInterfaceOrientation.PortraitUpsideDown) {
                animatedDistance = (float)Math.Floor (PORTRAIT_KEYBOARD_HEIGHT * heightFraction);
            } else {
                animatedDistance = (float)Math.Floor (LANDSCAPE_KEYBOARD_HEIGHT * heightFraction);
            }
            RectangleF viewFrame = this.View.Frame;
            viewFrame.Y -= animatedDistance;

            UIView.BeginAnimations ("slideScreenForKeyboard");
            UIView.SetAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState (true);
            UIView.SetAnimationDuration (KEYBOARD_ANIMATION_DURATION);
            this.View.Frame = viewFrame;
            UIView.CommitAnimations ();
        }

        public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            base.ViewDidLoad ();
            View.BackgroundColor = UIColor.White;
            Title = "Manual UI";

            var frame = View.Frame;

            // Create a heading using the "h1" css style
            _heading = TextStyle.Create<UILabel> ("h1", "Hello World");
            var headingFrame = _heading.Frame = new CGRect (20f, 120f, frame.Width - 40f, 60f);
            Add (_heading);

            // Create a subheading using the "h2" css style with a custom tag
            _subtitle = TextStyle.Create<UILabel> ("h2", "This is a <spot>subtitle<spot>", new List<CssTagStyle> () {
                new CssTagStyle ("spot"){ CSS = "spot{color:" + Colors.SpotColor.ToHex () + "}" }
            });
            var subtitleFrame = _subtitle.Frame = new CGRect (headingFrame.X, headingFrame.Bottom, headingFrame.Width, 40f);
            Add (_subtitle);

            // Create a text entry field
            _textEntry = TextStyle.Create<UITextField> ("body");
            _textEntry.Frame = new CGRect (subtitleFrame.X, subtitleFrame.Bottom, subtitleFrame.Width, 40);
            _textEntry.Layer.BorderColor = Colors.Grey.CGColor;
            _textEntry.Layer.BorderWidth = .5f;
            _textEntry.Layer.CornerRadius = 6f;
            _textEntry.Placeholder = "Type Here";
            _textEntry.LeftViewMode = UITextFieldViewMode.Always;
            _textEntry.LeftView = new UIView () {
                Frame = new CGRect (0, 0, 6, 6)
            };

            Add (_textEntry);
        }

    public override bool FinishedLaunching(UIApplication app, NSDictionary options)
    {
        UIApplication.SharedApplication.StatusBarHidden = true;

        image = new UIImageView (UIScreen.MainScreen.Bounds) {
            Image = UIImage.FromFile ("Background.png")
        };
        text = new UITextField (new RectangleF (44, 32, 232, 31)) {
            BorderStyle = UITextBorderStyle.RoundedRect,
            TextColor = UIColor.Black,
            BackgroundColor = UIColor.Black,
            ClearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewMode.WhileEditing,
            Placeholder = "Hello world",
        };
        text.ShouldReturn = delegate (UITextField theTextfield) {
            text.ResignFirstResponder ();

            label.Text = text.Text;
            return true;
        };

        label = new UILabel (new RectangleF (20, 120, 280, 44)){
            TextColor = UIColor.Gray,
            BackgroundColor = UIColor.Black,
            Text = text.Placeholder
        };

        var vc = new ViewController (this) { image, text, label };

        window = new UIWindow (UIScreen.MainScreen.Bounds){ vc.View };

        window.MakeKeyAndVisible ();

        return true;
    }

        public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            View = new UIView(){ BackgroundColor = UIColor.White};
            base.ViewDidLoad();

            // ios7 layout
            if (RespondsToSelector(new Selector("edgesForExtendedLayout")))
                EdgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdge.None;

            var textField = new UITextField(new RectangleF(10, 10, 300, 40));
            Add(textField);

            var tableView = new UITableView(new RectangleF(0, 50, 320, 500), UITableViewStyle.Plain);
            Add(tableView);

			// choice here:
			//
			//   for original demo use:
            //     var source = new MvxStandardTableViewSource(tableView, "TitleText");
			//
			//   or for prettier cells from XIB file use:
			//     tableView.RowHeight = 88;
			//     var source = new MvxSimpleTableViewSource(tableView, BookCell.Key, BookCell.Key);

			tableView.RowHeight = 88;
			var source = new MvxSimpleTableViewSource(tableView, BookCell.Key, BookCell.Key);
			tableView.Source = source;

            var set = this.CreateBindingSet<FirstView, Core.ViewModels.FirstViewModel>();
            set.Bind(textField).To(vm => vm.SearchTerm);
            set.Bind(source).To(vm => vm.Results);
            set.Apply();

            tableView.ReloadData();
        }

        public override void ViewDidLoad()
        {
            View = new UniversalView();

            base.ViewDidLoad();

            // ios7 layout
            if (RespondsToSelector(new Selector("edgesForExtendedLayout")))
                EdgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdge.None;

            var textEditFirst = new UITextField(new RectangleF(0, 0, 320, 40));
            Add(textEditFirst);

            var textEditSecond = new UITextField(new RectangleF(0, 50, 320, 40));
            Add(textEditSecond);

            var labelFull = new UILabel(new RectangleF(0, 100, 320, 40));
            Add(labelFull);

            var set = this.CreateBindingSet<FirstView, FirstViewModel>();
            set.Bind(textEditFirst).To(vm => vm.FirstName);
            set.Bind(textEditSecond).To(vm => vm.LastName);
            set.Bind(labelFull).To(vm => vm.FullName);
            set.Apply();
        }

	string DateFieldValidation(UITextField field, string text, ref int insertion)
	{
		//Debug.Log("before: "+dayValidation);
		//Debug.Log(insertion);
		int validating = -97236872;
		//Debug.Log("now: "+text);
		try
		{
			validating = int.Parse(text);
		}
		catch(FormatException e)
		{
			if(field == dayField && text != "") text = dayValidation;
			if(field == monthField && text != "") text = monthValidation;
			if(field == yearField && text != "") text = yearValidation;
		}
		
		if(field == dayField && validating != -927236872 && validating > 31) text = dayValidation;
		if(field == monthField && validating != -927236872 && validating > 12) text = monthValidation;
		if(field == yearField && validating != -927236872 && insertion > 4) text = yearValidation;
		
		if(field == dayField) dayValidation = text;
		if(field == monthField) monthValidation = text;
		if(field == yearField) yearValidation = text;
		return text.Trim();
	}

 public override bool ShouldEndEditing(UITextField textField)
 {
     var ok = IsOk(textField.Text);
     if (!ok && textField is MyUIMoneyTextField)
         (textField as MyUIMoneyTextField).ErrorText = "Invalid currency value";
     return ok;
 }

		public override void LayoutSubviews ()
		{
			// layout the stock UIAlertView control
			base.LayoutSubviews ();
			
			if(this.Subviews.Count() == 3)
			{
				// build out the text field
				_UserName = ComposeTextFieldControl (false);
				_Password = ComposeTextFieldControl (true);

				// add the text field to the alert view
				
				UIScrollView view = new UIScrollView(this.Frame);
				
				view.AddSubview(ComposeLabelControl("Username"));
				view.AddSubview (_UserName);
				view.AddSubview(ComposeLabelControl("Password"));
				view.AddSubview (_Password);
				
				this.AddSubview(view);
				
			}
			
			// shift the contents of the alert view around to accomodate the extra text field
			AdjustControlSize ();
			
		}