async Task TestReader(System.IO.Stream stream)
{
    XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
    settings.Async = true;

    using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(stream, settings))
    {
        while (await reader.ReadAsync())
        {
            switch (reader.NodeType)
            {
                case XmlNodeType.Element:
                    Console.WriteLine("Start Element {0}", reader.Name);
                    break;
                case XmlNodeType.Text:
                    Console.WriteLine("Text Node: {0}",
                             await reader.GetValueAsync());
                    break;
                case XmlNodeType.EndElement:
                    Console.WriteLine("End Element {0}", reader.Name);
                    break;
                default:
                    Console.WriteLine("Other node {0} with value {1}",
                                    reader.NodeType, reader.Value);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

while (reader.Read()) {
  if (reader.IsStartElement()) {
    if (reader.IsEmptyElement)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("<{0}/>", reader.Name);
                }
                else {
      Console.Write("<{0}> ", reader.Name);
      reader.Read(); // Read the start tag.
      if (reader.IsStartElement())  // Handle nested elements.
        Console.Write("\r\n<{0}>", reader.Name);
      Console.WriteLine(reader.ReadString());  //Read the text content of the element.
    }
  } 
}

// Display all attributes.
if (reader.HasAttributes) {
  Console.WriteLine("Attributes of <" + reader.Name + ">");
  for (int i = 0; i < reader.AttributeCount; i++) {
    Console.WriteLine("  {0}", reader[i]);
  }
  // Move the reader back to the element node.
  reader.MoveToElement(); 
}

if (reader.HasAttributes) {
  Console.WriteLine("Attributes of <" + reader.Name + ">");
  while (reader.MoveToNextAttribute()) {
    Console.WriteLine(" {0}={1}", reader.Name, reader.Value);
  }
  // Move the reader back to the element node.
  reader.MoveToElement();
}

// Create a validating XmlReader object. The schema 
// provides the necessary type information.
XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
settings.Schemas.Add("urn:empl-hire", "hireDate.xsd");
using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("hireDate.xml", settings)) {

  // Move to the hire-date element.
  reader.MoveToContent();
  reader.ReadToDescendant("hire-date");

  // Return the hire-date as a DateTime object.
  DateTime hireDate = reader.ReadElementContentAsDateTime();
  Console.WriteLine("Six Month Review Date: {0}", hireDate.AddMonths(6));
}

public static async Task ReadStartElementAsync(this XmlReader reader, string localname, string ns)
{
    if (await reader.MoveToContentAsync() != XmlNodeType.Element)
    {
        throw new InvalidOperationException(reader.NodeType.ToString() + " is an invalid XmlNodeType");
    }
    if ((reader.LocalName == localname) && (reader.NamespaceURI == ns))
    {
        await reader.ReadAsync();
    }
    else
    {
        throw new InvalidOperationException("localName or namespace doesn’t match");
    }
}

public static async Task ReadEndElementAsync(this XmlReader reader)
{
    if (await reader.MoveToContentAsync() != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
    {
        throw new InvalidOperationException();
    }
    await reader.ReadAsync();
}

public static async Task<bool> ReadToNextSiblingAsync(this XmlReader reader, string localName, string namespaceURI)
{
    if (localName == null || localName.Length == 0)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("localName is empty or null");
    }
    if (namespaceURI == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("namespaceURI");
    }

    // atomize local name and namespace
    localName = reader.NameTable.Add(localName);
    namespaceURI = reader.NameTable.Add(namespaceURI);

    // find the next sibling
    XmlNodeType nt;
    do
    {
        await reader.SkipAsync();
        if (reader.ReadState != ReadState.Interactive)
            break;
        nt = reader.NodeType;
        if (nt == XmlNodeType.Element &&
             ((object)localName == (object)reader.LocalName) &&
             ((object)namespaceURI ==(object)reader.NamespaceURI))
        {
            return true;
        }
    } while (nt != XmlNodeType.EndElement && !reader.EOF);
    
    return false;
}

public static async Task<bool> ReadToFollowingAsync(this XmlReader reader, string localName, string namespaceURI)
{
    if (localName == null || localName.Length == 0)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("localName is empty or null");
    }
    if (namespaceURI == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("namespaceURI");
    }

    // atomize local name and namespace
    localName = reader.NameTable.Add(localName);
    namespaceURI = reader.NameTable.Add(namespaceURI);

    // find element with that name
    while (await reader.ReadAsync())
    {
        if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && ((object)localName == (object)reader.LocalName) && ((object)namespaceURI == (object)reader.NamespaceURI))
        {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

public static async Task<bool> ReadToDescendantAsync(this XmlReader reader, string localName, string namespaceURI)
{
    if (localName == null || localName.Length == 0)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("localName is empty or null");
    }
    if (namespaceURI == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("namespaceURI");
    }
    // save the element or root depth
    int parentDepth = reader.Depth;
    if (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.Element)
    {
        // adjust the depth if we are on root node
        if (reader.ReadState == ReadState.Initial)
        {
            parentDepth--;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    else if (reader.IsEmptyElement)
    {
        return false;
    }

    // atomize local name and namespace
    localName = reader.NameTable.Add(localName);
    namespaceURI = reader.NameTable.Add(namespaceURI);

    // find the descendant
    while (await reader.ReadAsync() && reader.Depth > parentDepth)
    {
        if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && ((object)localName == (object)reader.LocalName) && ((object)namespaceURI == (object)reader.NamespaceURI))
        {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}