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Redis 备忘单

原作者: [db:作者] 来自: [db:来源] 收藏 邀请

这是一个redis快速参考备忘单，其中列出了 redis 命令的示例

开始

入门

启动Redis

$ redis-server

连接到 redis（Redis CLI 客户端）

$ redis-cli

连接到redis（telnet）

$ telnet 127.0.0.1 6379

Hello World

Ping

redis> PING
PONG

Hello World

redis> SET mykey "Hello world"
OK
redis> GET mykey
"Hello world"

基本数据类型

Redis 支持 5 种基本数据类型

Redis的字符串命令

APPEND

APPEND key value

例子

redis> EXISTS mykey
(integer) 0
redis> APPEND mykey "Hello"
(integer) 5
redis> APPEND mykey " World"
(integer) 11
redis> GET mykey
"Hello World"

将值附加到键

BITCOUNT 

BITCOUNT key [start end]

例子

redis> SET mykey "foobar"
"OK"
redis> BITCOUNT mykey
(integer) 26
redis> BITCOUNT mykey 0 0
(integer) 4
redis> BITCOUNT mykey 1 1
(integer) 6

计算字符串中的设置位

BITFIELD 

BITFIELD key [GET type offset] [SET type offset value] [INCRBY type offset increment] [OVERFLOW WRAP|SAT|FAIL]

例子

redis> BITFIELD mykey INCRBY i5 100 1 GET u4 0
1) (integer) 1
2) (integer) 0

对字符串执行任意位域整数运算

BITOP 

BITOP operation destkey key [key ...]

例子

redis> SET key1 "foobar"
"OK"
redis> SET key2 "abcdef"
"OK"
redis> BITOP AND dest key1 key2
(integer) 6
redis> GET dest
"`bc`ab"

在字符串之间执行按位运算

BITPOS 

BITPOS key bit [start] [end]

例子

redis> SET mykey "\xff\xf0\x00"
"OK"
redis> BITPOS mykey 0
(integer) 12
redis> SET mykey "\x00\xff\xf0"
"OK"
redis> BITPOS mykey 1 0
(integer) 8
redis> BITPOS mykey 1 2
(integer) 16
redis> set mykey "\x00\x00\x00"
"OK"
redis> BITPOS mykey 1
(integer) -1

在字符串中查找第一个设置或清除的位

DECR

DECR key

例子

redis> SET mykey "10"
"OK"
redis> DECR mykey
(integer) 9
redis> SET mykey "234293482390480948029348230948"
"OK"
redis> DECR mykey
ERR ERR value is not an integer or out of range

将键的整数值减一

DECRBY 

DECRBY key decrement

例子

redis> SET mykey "10"
"OK"
redis> DECRBY mykey 3
(integer) 7

按给定数字减少键的整数值

GET

GET key

例子

redis> GET nonexisting
(nil)
redis> SET mykey "Hello"
"OK"
redis> GET mykey
"Hello"

获取一个键的值

GETBIT

GETBIT key offset

例子

redis> SETBIT mykey 7 1
(integer) 0
redis> GETBIT mykey 0
(integer) 0
redis> GETBIT mykey 7
(integer) 1
redis> GETBIT mykey 100
(integer) 0

返回存储在 key 的字符串值中 offset 处的位值

GETRANGE

GETRANGE key start end

例子

redis> SET mykey "This is a string"
"OK"
redis> GETRANGE mykey 0 3
"This"
redis> GETRANGE mykey -3 -1
"ing"
redis> GETRANGE mykey 0 -1
"This is a string"
redis> GETRANGE mykey 10 100
"string"

获取存储在键中的字符串的子字符串

GETSET

GETSET key value

例子

redis> INCR mycounter
(integer) 1
redis> GETSET mycounter "0"
"1"
redis> GET mycounter
"0"

设置键的字符串值并返回其旧值

INCR 

INCR key

例子

redis> SET mykey "10"
"OK"
redis> INCR mykey
(integer) 11
redis> GET mykey
"11"

将键的整数值加一

MSETNX

MSETNX key value [key value ...]

例子

redis> MSETNX key1 "Hello" key2 "there"
(integer) 1
redis> MSETNX key2 "new" key3 "world"
(integer) 0
redis> MGET key1 key2 key3
1) "Hello"
2) "there"
3) (nil)

将多个键设置为多个值，仅当不存在任何键时

INCRBYFLOAT 增量浮动

INCRBYFLOAT key increment

例子

redis> SET mykey 10.50
"OK"
redis> INCRBYFLOAT mykey 0.1
"10.6"
redis> INCRBYFLOAT mykey -5
"5.6"
redis> SET mykey 5.0e3
"OK"
redis> INCRBYFLOAT mykey 2.0e2
"5200"

将键的浮点值增加给定的数量

MGET

MGET key [key ...]

例子

redis> SET key1 "Hello"
"OK"
redis> SET key2 "World"
"OK"
redis> MGET key1 key2 nonexisting
1) "Hello"
2) "World"
3) (nil)

获取所有给定键的值

MSET

MSET key value [key value ...]

例子

redis> MSET key1 "Hello" key2 "World"
"OK"
redis> GET key1
"Hello"
redis> GET key2
"World"

将多个键设置为多个值

INCRBY 

INCRBY key increment

例子

redis> SET mykey "10"
"OK"
redis> INCRBY mykey 5
(integer) 15

将键的整数值增加给定的数量

PSETEX

PSETEX key milliseconds value

例子

redis> PSETEX mykey 1000 "Hello"
"OK"
redis> PTTL mykey
(integer) 1000
redis> GET mykey
"Hello"

以毫秒为单位设置键的值和到期时间

SET 设置

SET key value [EX seconds|PX milliseconds|KEEPTTL] [NX|XX] [GET]

例子

redis> SET mykey "Hello"
"OK"
redis> GET mykey
"Hello"
redis> SET anotherkey "will expire in a minute" EX 60
"OK"

设置一个键的字符串值

SETBIT 

SETBIT key offset value

例子

redis> SETBIT mykey 7 1
(integer) 0
redis> SETBIT mykey 7 0
(integer) 1
redis> GET mykey
"\u0000"

设置或清除存储在键的字符串值中偏移处的位

SETEX

SETEX key seconds value

例子

redis> SETEX mykey 10 "Hello"
"OK"
redis> TTL mykey
(integer) 10
redis> GET mykey
"Hello"

设置密钥的值和到期时间

SETNX

SETNX key value

例子

redis> SETNX mykey "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> SETNX mykey "World"
(integer) 0
redis> GET mykey
"Hello"

设置键的值，仅当键不存在时

SETRANGE 

SETRANGE key offset value

例子

redis> SET key1 "Hello World"
"OK"
redis> SETRANGE key1 6 "Redis"
(integer) 11
redis> GET key1
"Hello Redis"

从指定的偏移量开始覆盖键处的部分字符串

STRLEN 

STRLEN key

例子

redis> SET mykey "Hello world"
"OK"
redis> STRLEN mykey
(integer) 11
redis> STRLEN nonexisting
(integer) 0

获取存储在键中的值的长度

STRALGO 

STRALGO LCS algo-specific-argument [algo-specific-argument ...]

例子

redis> STRALGO LCS KEYS key1 key2 IDX
1) "matches"
2) 1) 1) 1) (integer) 4
         2) (integer) 7
      2) 1) (integer) 5
         2) (integer) 8
   2) 1) 1) (integer) 2
         2) (integer) 3
      2) 1) (integer) 0
         2) (integer) 1
3) "len"
4) (integer) 6

针对字符串运行算法（当前是 LCS）

Redis的设置命令

SADD 

SADD key member [member ...]

例子

redis> SADD myset "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "World"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "World"
(integer) 0
redis> SMEMBERS myset
1) "Hello"
2) "World"

将一个或多个成员添加到集合

SCARD 

SCARD key

例子

redis> SADD myset "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "World"
(integer) 1
redis> SCARD myset
(integer) 2

获取集合中的成员数

SDIFF 

SDIFF key [key ...]

例子

redis> SADD key1 "a"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "b"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "d"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "e"
(integer) 1
redis> SDIFF key1 key2
1) "a"
2) "b"

减去多组

SDIFFSTORE 

SDIFFSTORE destination key [key ...]

例子

redis> SADD key1 "a"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "b"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "d"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "e"
(integer) 1
redis> SDIFFSTORE key key1 key2
(integer) 2
redis> SMEMBERS key
1) "a"
2) "b"

减去多个集合并将结果集合存储在一个键中

SINTER 

SINTER key [key ...]

例子

redis> SADD key1 "a"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "b"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "d"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "e"
(integer) 1
redis> SINTER key1 key2
1) "c"

多组相交

SINTERSTORE 

SINTERSTORE destination key [key ...]

例子

redis> SADD key1 "a"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "b"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "d"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "e"
(integer) 1
redis> SINTERSTORE key key1 key2
(integer) 1
redis> SMEMBERS key
1) "c"

将多个集合相交并将结果集存储在一个键中

SISMEMBER 

SISMEMBER key member

例子

redis> SADD myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SISMEMBER myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SISMEMBER myset "two"
(integer) 0

确定给定值是否是集合的成员

SMISMEMBER 

SMISMEMBER key member [member ...]

例子

redis> SADD myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "one"
(integer) 0
redis> SMISMEMBER myset "one" "notamember"
1) (integer) 1
2) (integer) 0

返回与集合的给定元素相关联的成员资格

SMEMBERS 

SMEMBERS key

例子

redis> SADD myset "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "World"
(integer) 1
redis> SMEMBERS myset
1) "Hello"
2) "World"

获取集合中的所有成员

SMOVE 

SMOVE source destination member

例子

redis> SADD myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "two"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myotherset "three"
(integer) 1
redis> SMOVE myset myotherset "two"
(integer) 1
redis> SMEMBERS myset
1) "one"
redis> SMEMBERS myotherset
1) "two"
2) "three"

将成员从一组移动到另一组

SPOP 

SPOP key [count]

例子

redis> SADD myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "two"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "three"
(integer) 1
redis> SPOP myset
"two"
redis> SMEMBERS myset
1) "one"
2) "three"
redis> SADD myset "four"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "five"
(integer) 1
redis> SPOP myset 3
1) "four"
2) "five"
3) "three"
redis> SMEMBERS myset
1) "one"

从集合中删除并返回一个或多个随机成员

SRANDMEMBER 

SRANDMEMBER key [count]

例子

redis> SADD myset one two three
(integer) 3
redis> SRANDMEMBER myset
"three"
redis> SRANDMEMBER myset 2
1) "two"
2) "three"
redis> SRANDMEMBER myset -5
1) "one"
2) "two"
3) "three"
4) "three"
5) "one"

从集合中获取一个或多个随机成员

SREM

SREM key member [member ...]

例子

redis> SADD myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "two"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD myset "three"
(integer) 1
redis> SREM myset "one"
(integer) 1
redis> SREM myset "four"
(integer) 0
redis> SMEMBERS myset
1) "two"
2) "three"

从集合中删除一个或多个成员

SUNION 

SUNION key [key ...]

例子

redis> SADD key1 "a"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "b"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "d"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "e"
(integer) 1
redis> SUNION key1 key2
1) "a"
2) "c"
3) "e"
4) "b"
5) "d"

添加多组

SUNIONSTORE 

SUNIONSTORE destination key [key ...]

例子

redis> SADD key1 "a"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "b"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key1 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "c"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "d"
(integer) 1
redis> SADD key2 "e"
(integer) 1
redis> SUNIONSTORE key key1 key2
(integer) 5
redis> SMEMBERS key
1) "a"
2) "c"
3) "e"
4) "b"
5) "d"

添加多个集合并将结果集合存储在一个键中

Redis的列表命令

杂项

BRPOPPUSH 从列表中弹出一个元素，将其推送到另一个列表并返回；或阻塞直到有一个可用
BLMOVE 从列表中弹出一个元素，将其推送到另一个列表并返回；或阻塞直到有一个可用

BLPOP

BLPOP key [key ...] timeout

例子

redis> DEL list1 list2
(integer) 0
redis> RPUSH list1 a b c
(integer) 3
redis> BLPOP list1 list2 0
1) "list1"
2) "a"

删除并获取列表中的第一个元素，或阻塞直到一个可用 |

BRPOP 

BRPOP key [key ...] timeout

例子

redis> DEL list1 list2
(integer) 0
redis> RPUSH list1 a b c
(integer) 3
redis> BRPOP list1 list2 0
1) "list1"
2) "c"

删除并获取列表中的最后一个元素，或者阻塞直到有一个可用 |

LINDEX 

LINDEX key index

例子

redis> LPUSH mylist "World"
(integer) 1
redis> LPUSH mylist "Hello"
(integer) 2
redis> LINDEX mylist 0
"Hello"
redis> LINDEX mylist -1
"World"
redis> LINDEX mylist 3
(nil)

通过索引从列表中获取元素

LINSERT 

LINSERT key BEFORE|AFTER pivot element

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "World"
(integer) 2
redis> LINSERT mylist BEFORE "World" "There"
(integer) 3
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "Hello"
2) "There"
3) "World"

在列表中的另一个元素之前或之后插入一个元素

LLEN 

LLEN key

例子

redis> LPUSH mylist "World"
(integer) 1
redis> LPUSH mylist "Hello"
(integer) 2
redis> LLEN mylist
(integer) 2

获取列表的长度

LPOP 

LPOP key [count]

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> LPOP mylist
"one"
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "two"
2) "three"

删除并获取列表中的第一个元素

LPOS 

LPOS key element [RANK rank] [COUNT num-matches] [MAXLEN len]

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist a b c d 1 2 3 4 3 3 3
(integer) 11
redis> LPOS mylist 3
(integer) 6
redis> LPOS mylist 3 COUNT 0 RANK 2
1) (integer) 8
2) (integer) 9
3) (integer) 10

返回列表中匹配元素的索引

LPUSH 

LPUSH key element [element ...]

例子

redis> LPUSH mylist "world"
(integer) 1
redis> LPUSH mylist "hello"
(integer) 2
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "hello"
2) "world"

将一个或多个元素添加到列表中

LPUSHX 

LPUSHX key element [element ...]

例子

redis> LPUSH mylist "World"
(integer) 1
redis> LPUSHX mylist "Hello"
(integer) 2
redis> LPUSHX myotherlist "Hello"
(integer) 0
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "Hello"
2) "World"
redis> LRANGE myotherlist 0 -1
(empty list or set)

将元素添加到列表中，仅当列表存在时

LRANGE 

LRANGE key start stop

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 0
1) "one"
redis> LRANGE mylist -3 2
1) "one"
2) "two"
3) "three"
redis> LRANGE mylist -100 100
1) "one"
2) "two"
3) "three"
redis> LRANGE mylist 5 10
(empty list or set)

从列表中获取一系列元素

LREM 

LREM key count element

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "hello"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "hello"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "foo"
(integer) 3
redis> RPUSH mylist "hello"
(integer) 4
redis> LREM mylist -2 "hello"
(integer) 2
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "hello"
2) "foo"

从列表中删除元素

LSET 

LSET key index element

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> LSET mylist 0 "four"
"OK"
redis> LSET mylist -2 "five"
"OK"
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "four"
2) "five"
3) "three"

通过索引设置列表中元素的值

LTRIM 

LTRIM key start stop

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> LTRIM mylist 1 -1
"OK"
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "two"
2) "three"

将列表修剪到指定范围

RPOP 

RPOP key [count]

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> RPOP mylist
"three"
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "one"
2) "two"

删除并获取列表中的最后一个元素

RPOPPUSH

RPOPLPUSH source destination

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> RPOPLPUSH mylist myotherlist
"three"
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "one"
2) "two"
redis> LRANGE myotherlist 0 -1
1) "three"

删除列表中的最后一个元素，将其添加到另一个列表中并返回

LMOVE

LMOVE source destination LEFT|RIGHT LEFT|RIGHT

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "one"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "two"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSH mylist "three"
(integer) 3
redis> LMOVE mylist myotherlist RIGHT LEFT
"three"
redis> LMOVE mylist myotherlist LEFT RIGHT
"one"
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "two"
redis> LRANGE myotherlist 0 -1
1) "three"
2) "one"

从列表中弹出一个元素，将其推送到另一个列表并返回

RPUSH

RPUSH key element [element ...]

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "hello"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSH mylist "world"
(integer) 2
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "hello"
2) "world"

将一个或多个元素附加到列表中

RPUSHX

RPUSHX key element [element ...]

例子

redis> RPUSH mylist "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> RPUSHX mylist "World"
(integer) 2
redis> RPUSHX myotherlist "World"
(integer) 0
redis> LRANGE mylist 0 -1
1) "Hello"
2) "World"
redis> LRANGE myotherlist 0 -1
(empty list or set)

将元素追加到列表中，仅当列表存在时

Redis的哈希命令

HDEL 

HDEL key field [field ...]

例子

redis> HSET myhash field1 "foo"
(integer) 1
redis> HDEL myhash field1
(integer) 1
redis> HDEL myhash field2
(integer) 0

删除一个或多个哈希字段

HEXISTS 

HEXISTS key field

例子

redis> HSET myhash field1 "foo"
(integer) 1
redis> HEXISTS myhash field1
(integer) 1
redis> HEXISTS myhash field2
(integer) 0

确定哈希字段是否存在

HGET 

HGET key field

例子

redis> HSET myhash field1 "foo"
(integer) 1
redis> HGET myhash field1
"foo"
redis> HGET myhash field2
(nil)

获取哈希字段的值

HGETALL

HGETALL key

例子

redis> HSET myhash field1 "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> HSET myhash field2 "World"
(integer) 1
redis> HGETALL myhash
1) "field1"
2) "Hello"
3) "field2"
4) "World"

获取哈希中的所有字段和值

HINCRBY 

HINCRBY key field increment

例子

redis> HSET myhash field 5
(integer) 1
redis> HINCRBY myhash field 1
(integer) 6
redis> HINCRBY myhash field -1
(integer) 5
redis> HINCRBY myhash field -10
(integer) -5

将散列字段的整数值增加给定的数字

HINCRBYFLOAT 

HINCRBYFLOAT key field increment

例子

redis> HSET mykey field 10.50
(integer) 1
redis> HINCRBYFLOAT mykey field 0.1
"10.6"
redis> HINCRBYFLOAT mykey field -5
"5.6"
redis> HSET mykey field 5.0e3
(integer) 0
redis> HINCRBYFLOAT mykey field 2.0e2
"5200"

将哈希字段的浮点值增加给定的数量

HKEYS

HKEYS key

例子

redis> HSET myhash field1 "Hello"
(integer) 1
redis> HSET myhash field2 "World"
(integer) 1
redis> HKEYS myhash
1) "field1"
2) "field2"

获取哈希中的所有字段

HLEN 

HLEN key

例子

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