def view_data(filename,fieldName='x-velocity'):
    """Visualize a 3D numpy array in mayavi2.
    """
    # 'mayavi' is always defined on the interpreter.
    mayavi.new_scene()
    # Make the data and add it to the pipeline.
    data = read_data(filename,fieldName)
    src = ArraySource(transpose_input_array=False)
    src.scalar_data = data
    mayavi.add_source(src)
    # Visualize the data.
    o = Outline()
    mayavi.add_module(o)
    ipw = ImagePlaneWidget()
    mayavi.add_module(ipw)
    ipw.module_manager.scalar_lut_manager.show_scalar_bar = True
    ipw.module_manager.scalar_lut_manager.data_name = fieldName

    ipw_y = ImagePlaneWidget()
    mayavi.add_module(ipw_y)
    ipw_y.ipw.plane_orientation = 'y_axes'

    ipw_z = ImagePlaneWidget()
    mayavi.add_module(ipw_z)
    ipw_z.ipw.plane_orientation = 'z_axes'

    def reset(self, **traits):
        """Creates the dataset afresh or resets existing data source."""

        # First set the attributes without really doing anything since
        # the notification handlers are not called.
        self.set(trait_change_notify=False, **traits)

        vectors = self.vectors
        scalars = self.scalars
        x, y, z = [np.atleast_3d(a) for a in self.x, self.y, self.z]

        u, v, w = self.u, self.v, self.w
        if 'vectors' in traits:
            u = vectors[:, 0].ravel()
            v = vectors[:, 1].ravel()
            w = vectors[:, 2].ravel()
            self.set(u=u, v=v, w=w, trait_change_notify=False)

        else:
            if u is not None and len(u) > 0:
                #vectors = np.concatenate([u[..., np.newaxis],
                #                             v[..., np.newaxis],
                #                             w[..., np.newaxis] ],
                #                axis=3)
                vectors = np.c_[u.ravel(), v.ravel(),
                                   w.ravel()].ravel()
                vectors.shape = (u.shape[0], u.shape[1], w.shape[2], 3)
                self.set(vectors=vectors, trait_change_notify=False)

        if vectors is not None and len(vectors) > 0 and scalars is not None:
            assert len(scalars) == len(vectors)

        if x.shape[0] <= 1:
            dx = 1
        else:
            dx = x[1, 0, 0] - x[0, 0, 0]
        if y.shape[1] <= 1:
            dy = 1
        else:
            dy = y[0, 1, 0] - y[0, 0, 0]
        if z.shape[2] <= 1:
            dz = 1
        else:
            dz = z[0, 0, 1] - z[0, 0, 0]

        if self.m_data is None:
            ds = ArraySource(transpose_input_array=True)
        else:
            ds = self.m_data
        old_scalar = ds.scalar_data
        ds.set(vector_data=vectors,
               origin=[x.min(), y.min(), z.min()],
               spacing=[dx, dy, dz],
               scalar_data=scalars)
        if scalars is old_scalar:
            ds._scalar_data_changed(scalars)

        self.dataset = ds.image_data
        self.m_data = ds

    def setUp(self):
        """Initial setting up of test fixture, automatically called by TestCase before any other test method is invoked"""
        e = NullEngine()
        # Uncomment to see visualization for debugging etc.
        #e = Engine()
        e.start()
        s=e.new_scene()
        self.e=e
        self.s=s

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.

        d = ArraySource()
        sc, vec = self.make_data()
        d.origin = (-5, -5, -5)
        d.scalar_data = sc
        d.vector_data = vec

        e.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        e.add_module(o)

        # View the data.
        st = Streamline()
        e.add_module(st)
        widget = st.seed.widget
        widget.set(radius=1.0, center=(-4.0, -4.0, -4.0),
                   theta_resolution=4, phi_resolution=4)

        st = Streamline(streamline_type='ribbon')
        seed = st.seed
        seed.widget = seed.widget_list[1]
        e.add_module(st)
        seed.widget.set(point1=(-5.0, -4.5, -4.0), point2=(-5.0, -4.5, 4.0))
        st.ribbon_filter.width = 0.25

        st = Streamline(streamline_type='tube')
        seed = st.seed
        seed.widget = seed.widget_list[2]
        e.add_module(st)
        seed.widget.set(center=(-5.0, 1.5, -2.5))
        st.tube_filter.radius = 0.15

        st = Streamline(streamline_type='tube')
        seed = st.seed
        seed.widget = seed.widget_list[3]
        e.add_module(st)
        seed.widget.position=(-5.0, 3.75, 3.75)
        st.tube_filter.radius = 0.2
        self.st = st
        self.scene = e.current_scene
        return

    def setUp(self):
        """Initial setting up of test fixture, automatically called by TestCase before any other test method is invoked"""
        e = NullEngine()
        # Uncomment to see visualization for debugging etc.
        #e = Engine()
        e.start()
        s=e.new_scene()
        self.e=e
        self.s=s

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.

        d = ArraySource()
        sc, vec = self.make_data()
        d.origin = (-5, -5, -5)
        d.scalar_data = sc
        d.vector_data = vec

        e.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        e.add_module(o)
        # Glyphs for the scalars
        g = Glyph()
        e.add_module(g)
        g.glyph.glyph_source.glyph_position = 'center'
        g.glyph.glyph.vector_mode = 'use_normal'
        g.glyph.glyph.scale_factor = 0.5
        g.glyph.mask_points.on_ratio = 20
        g.actor.property.line_width = 1.0

        v = VectorCutPlane()
        glyph = v.glyph
        gs = glyph.glyph_source
        gs.glyph_position = 'tail'
        gs.glyph_source = gs.glyph_list[1]
        e.add_module(v)
        v.implicit_plane.set(normal=(0, 1, 0), origin=(0, 3, 0))

        v = VectorCutPlane()
        glyph = v.glyph
        gs = glyph.glyph_source
        gs.glyph_source = gs.glyph_list[2]
        gs.glyph_position = 'head'
        e.add_module(v)
        v.implicit_plane.set(normal=(0, 1, 0), origin=(0, -2, 0))
        self.g=g
        self.v=v
        self.scene = e.current_scene
        return

def view_numpy( data ):
    """Example showing how to view a 3D numpy array in mayavi2.
    """
    # 'mayavi' is always defined on the interpreter.
    mayavi.new_scene()
    # Make the data and add it to the pipeline.
    
    src = ArraySource( transpose_input_array=False )
    src.scalar_data = data    
    mayavi.add_source( src )
    # Visualize the data.
    o = Outline()
    mayavi.add_module( o )
    ipw = ImagePlaneWidget()
    mayavi.add_module( ipw )
    ipw.module_manager.scalar_lut_manager.show_scalar_bar = True

    ipw_y = ImagePlaneWidget()
    mayavi.add_module( ipw_y )
    ipw_y.ipw.plane_orientation = 'y_axes'

    def setUp(self):
        """Initial setting up of test fixture, automatically called by TestCase before any other test method is invoked"""
        e = NullEngine()
        # Uncomment to see visualization for debugging etc.
        #e = Engine()
        e.start()
        s=e.new_scene()
        self.e=e
        self.s=s

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.

        d = ArraySource()
        sc = self.make_data()
        d.scalar_data = sc

        e.add_source(d)
        self.t = Text3D()
        e.add_module(self.t)

        self.scene = e.current_scene
        return

    def setUp(self):
        """Initial setting up of test fixture, automatically called by TestCase before any other test method is invoked"""
        e = NullEngine()
        # Uncomment to see visualization for debugging etc.
        #e = Engine()
        e.start()
        s=e.new_scene()
        self.e=e
        self.s=s

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.

        d = ArraySource()

        sc = self.make_data()
        d.scalar_data = sc

        e.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        e.add_module(o)
        # ImagePlaneWidgets for the scalars
        ipw = ImagePlaneWidget()
        e.add_module(ipw)

        ipw_y = ImagePlaneWidget()
        e.add_module(ipw_y)
        ipw_y.ipw.plane_orientation = 'y_axes'

        ipw_z = ImagePlaneWidget()
        e.add_module(ipw_z)
        ipw_z.ipw.plane_orientation = 'z_axes'
        self.scene = e.current_scene
        return

    def do(self):
        ############################################################
        # Imports.
        script = self.script
        from mayavi.sources.array_source import ArraySource
        from mayavi.modules.outline import Outline
        from mayavi.modules.streamline import Streamline

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.
        s = self.new_scene()

        d = ArraySource()
        sc, vec = self.make_data()
        d.origin = (-5, -5, -5)
        d.scalar_data = sc
        d.vector_data = vec

        script.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        script.add_module(o)
        # View the data.
        st = Streamline()
        script.add_module(st)
        widget = st.seed.widget
        widget.set(radius=1.0, center=(-4.0, -4.0, -4.0),
                   theta_resolution=4, phi_resolution=4)

        st = Streamline(streamline_type='ribbon')
        seed = st.seed
        seed.widget = seed.widget_list[1]
        script.add_module(st)
        seed.widget.set(point1=(-5.0, -4.5, -4.0), point2=(-5.0, -4.5, 4.0))
        st.ribbon_filter.width = 0.25

        st = Streamline(streamline_type='tube')
        seed = st.seed
        seed.widget = seed.widget_list[2]
        script.add_module(st)
        seed.widget.set(center=(-5.0, 1.5, -2.5))
        st.tube_filter.radius = 0.15

        st = Streamline(streamline_type='tube')
        seed = st.seed
        seed.widget = seed.widget_list[3]
        script.add_module(st)
        seed.widget.position=(-5.0, 3.75, 3.75)
        st.tube_filter.radius = 0.2

        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        s.scene.z_plus_view()
        c = s.scene.camera
        c.azimuth(-30)
        c.elevation(30)
        s.render()

        # Update the streamlines.
        mm = o.module_manager
        for child in mm.children[1:]:
            child.update_streamlines = True

        # Now compare the image.
        self.compare_image(s, 'images/test_streamline.png')

        ############################################################
        # Test if the modules respond correctly when the components
        # are changed.

        tf = st.tube_filter
        st.tube_filter = tf.__class__()
        st.tube_filter = tf
        st.ribbon_filter = st.ribbon_filter.__class__()
        seed = st.seed
        st.seed = seed.__class__()
        st.seed = seed
        st.actor = st.actor.__class__()
        tracer = st.stream_tracer
        st.stream_tracer = tracer.__class__()
        st.stream_tracer = tracer

        s.render()
        # Now compare the image.
        self.compare_image(s, 'images/test_streamline.png')
        s.render()

        ############################################################
        # Test if saving a visualization and restoring it works.

        bg = s.scene.background
        # Save visualization.
        f = BytesIO()
        f.name = abspath('test.mv2') # We simulate a file.
        script.save_visualization(f)
        f.seek(0) # So we can read this saved data.

        # Remove existing scene.
        engine = script.engine
        engine.close_scene(s)
#.........这里部分代码省略.........

    def do(self):
        ############################################################
        # Imports.
        script = self.script
        from mayavi.sources.array_source import ArraySource
        from mayavi.modules.outline import Outline
        from mayavi.modules.surface import Surface
        from mayavi.modules.vectors import Vectors

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.
        s = self.new_scene()

        d = ArraySource()
        self.check_input_validation(d)
        sc, vec = self.make_2d_data()
        d.origin = (-1, -1, 0)
        d.scalar_data = sc
        d.vector_data = vec

        script.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        script.add_module(o)
        # View the data.
        s = Surface()
        script.add_module(s)
        v = Vectors()
        script.add_module(v)

        # Add a 3D data source
        d = ArraySource()
        sc, vec = self.make_3d_data()
        d.scalar_data = sc
        d.vector_data = vec
        script.add_source(d)
        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        script.add_module(o)
        # View a slice.
        s = Surface()
        script.add_module(s)
        v = Vectors()
        script.add_module(v)

        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        s.scene.z_plus_view()
        c = s.scene.camera
        c.azimuth(-30)
        c.elevation(30)

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if saving a visualization and restoring it works.

        bg = s.scene.background
        # Save visualization.
        f = StringIO()
        f.name = abspath('test.mv2') # We simulate a file.
        script.save_visualization(f)
        f.seek(0) # So we can read this saved data.

        # Remove existing scene.
        engine = script.engine
        engine.close_scene(s)

        # Load visualization
        script.load_visualization(f)
        s = engine.current_scene

        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        s.scene.z_plus_view()
        c = s.scene.camera
        c.azimuth(-30)
        c.elevation(30)
        s.scene.background = bg

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if the MayaVi2 visualization can be deepcopied.

        # Pop the source object.
        sources = s.children
        s.children = []
        # Add it back to see if that works without error.
        s.children.extend(sources)

        s.scene.reset_zoom()

        self.check()

        # Now deepcopy the source and replace the existing one with
        # the copy.  This basically simulates cutting/copying the
        # object from the UI via the right-click menu on the tree
        # view, and pasting the copy back.
        sources1 = copy.deepcopy(sources)
        s.children[:] = sources
#.........这里部分代码省略.........

    def view_data(data):
        """Example showing how to view a 3D numpy array in mayavi2.
        """
        def set_labelE(ind):
            return '{0:.0f} eV'.format(source.energies[ind])

        def move_view(obj, evt):
            labelE.text = set_labelE(ipwX.ipw.slice_index)
            pos = labelE.position
            labelE.position = ipwX.ipw.slice_index * src.spacing[0] + 1,\
                pos[1], pos[2]
            labelE.vector_text.update()

        def set_lut(ipw):
            lutM = ipw.module_manager.scalar_lut_manager
#                lutM.show_scalar_bar = True
#                lutM.number_of_labels = 9
            lutM.lut.scale = 'log10'
            lutM.lut.range = [dataMax*vmin, dataMax]
            lutM.lut_mode = 'hot'

        @animate()
        def anim(data, ipwX):
            scene.scene.off_screen_rendering = True
            scene.scene.anti_aliasing_frames = 0
            for i in range(0, data.shape[0], 1):
                ipwX.ipw.slice_index = i
                move_view(None, None)
                if saveName is not None:
                    scene.scene.save('{0}{1:04d}.png'.format(saveName, i))
                yield

        # 'mayavi' is always defined on the interpreter.
        scene = mayavi.new_scene()  # analysis:ignore
        scene.scene.background = (0, 0, 0)
        print(source.prefix_save_name())

        src = ArraySource(transpose_input_array=True)
        sh = data.shape
#        print(sh)
        if 'xrt' in source.prefix_save_name() or\
                'srw' in source.prefix_save_name():
            src.scalar_data = data[:, :sh[1]//2+1, :sh[2]//2+1].copy()
        else:
            src.scalar_data = data[:, ::-1, ::-1].copy()
#        src.spacing = np.array([-0.05, 1, 1])
#        src.spacing = np.array([-0.25, 1, 1])
        src.spacing = np.array([-0.25, 0.25, 0.25])
        mayavi.add_source(src)  # analysis:ignore
        # Visualize the data.
#            o = Outline()
#            mayavi.add_module(o)

        ipwY = ImagePlaneWidget()
        mayavi.add_module(ipwY)  # analysis:ignore
        ipwY.ipw.plane_orientation = 'y_axes'  # our x-axis
        ipwY.ipw.slice_index = int(data.shape[1] - 1)
#        if 'xrt' in source.prefix_save_name():
#            ipwY.ipw.slice_index /= int(2)
        ipwY.ipw.left_button_action = 0
        set_lut(ipwY)

        if isZplane:
            ipwZ = ImagePlaneWidget()
            mayavi.add_module(ipwZ)  # analysis:ignore
            ipwZ.ipw.plane_orientation = 'z_axes'  # our z-axis
            ipwZ.ipw.slice_index = int(data.shape[2] - 1)
#            if 'xrt' in source.prefix_save_name():
#                ipwZ.ipw.slice_index /= int(2)
            ipwZ.ipw.left_button_action = 0

        if 'xrt' in source.prefix_save_name() or\
                'srw' in source.prefix_save_name():
            pass
        else:
            data = np.concatenate((data[:, :0:-1, :], data), axis=1)
            data = np.concatenate((data[:, :, :0:-1], data), axis=2)
        sh = data.shape
        print(sh)
        src = ArraySource(transpose_input_array=True)
        src.scalar_data = data.copy()
#        src.spacing = np.array([-0.05, 1, 1])
#        src.spacing = np.array([-0.25, 1, 1])
        src.spacing = np.array([-0.25, 0.25, 0.25])
        mayavi.add_source(src)  # analysis:ignore

        ipwX = ImagePlaneWidget()
        mayavi.add_module(ipwX)  # analysis:ignore
        ipwX.ipw.plane_orientation = 'x_axes'  # energy
        set_lut(ipwX)
        ipwX.ipw.add_observer('WindowLevelEvent', move_view)
        ipwX.ipw.add_observer('StartInteractionEvent', move_view)
        ipwX.ipw.add_observer('EndInteractionEvent', move_view)

        labelE = Text3D()
        mayavi.add_module(labelE)  # analysis:ignore
        labelE.position = (1, data.shape[1]*0.73*src.spacing[1],
                           data.shape[2]*0.85*src.spacing[2])
        labelE.orientation = 90, 0, 90
        labelE.text = 'Energy'
#.........这里部分代码省略.........

    def do(self):
        ############################################################
        # Imports.
        script = self.script
        from mayavi.sources.array_source import ArraySource
        from mayavi.modules.outline import Outline
        from mayavi.modules.glyph import Glyph
        from mayavi.modules.vector_cut_plane import VectorCutPlane

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.
        s = self.new_scene()

        d = ArraySource()
        sc, vec = self.make_data()
        d.origin = (-5, -5, -5)
        d.scalar_data = sc
        d.vector_data = vec

        script.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        script.add_module(o)
        # Glyphs for the scalars
        g = Glyph()
        script.add_module(g)
        g.glyph.glyph_source.glyph_position = 'center'
        g.glyph.glyph.vector_mode = 'use_normal'
        g.glyph.glyph.scale_factor = 0.5
        g.actor.property.line_width = 1.0

        v = VectorCutPlane()
        glyph = v.glyph
        gs = glyph.glyph_source
        gs.glyph_position = 'tail'
        gs.glyph_source = gs.glyph_list[1]
        script.add_module(v)
        v.implicit_plane.trait_set(normal=(0, 1, 0), origin=(0, 3, 0))

        v = VectorCutPlane()
        glyph = v.glyph
        gs = glyph.glyph_source
        gs.glyph_source = gs.glyph_list[2]
        gs.glyph_position = 'head'
        script.add_module(v)
        v.implicit_plane.trait_set(normal=(0, 1, 0), origin=(0, -2, 0))

        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        self.set_view(s)

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if the modules respond correctly when the components
        # are changed.

        g.actor = g.actor.__class__()
        glyph = g.glyph
        g.glyph = glyph.__class__()
        g.glyph = glyph

        glyph = v.glyph
        v.glyph = glyph.__class__()
        v.glyph = glyph
        v.actor = v.actor.__class__()
        v.cutter = v.cutter.__class__()
        ip = v.implicit_plane
        v.implicit_plane = ip.__class__()
        v.implicit_plane = ip

        s.render()

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if saving a visualization and restoring it works.

        # Save visualization.
        f = BytesIO()
        f.name = abspath('test.mv2') # We simulate a file.
        script.save_visualization(f)
        f.seek(0) # So we can read this saved data.

        # Remove existing scene.
        engine = script.engine
        engine.close_scene(s)

        # Load visualization
        script.load_visualization(f)
        s = engine.current_scene
        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        self.set_view(s)

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if the MayaVi2 visualization can be deepcopied.

        # Pop the source object.
#.........这里部分代码省略.........

    def do(self):
        ############################################################
        # Imports.
        script = self.script
        from mayavi.sources.array_source import ArraySource
        from mayavi.modules.outline import Outline
        from mayavi.modules.image_plane_widget import ImagePlaneWidget

        ############################################################
        # Create a new scene and set up the visualization.
        s = self.new_scene()

        d = ArraySource()
        sc = self.make_data()
        d.scalar_data = sc

        script.add_source(d)

        # Create an outline for the data.
        o = Outline()
        script.add_module(o)
        # ImagePlaneWidgets for the scalars
        ipw = ImagePlaneWidget()
        script.add_module(ipw)

        ipw_y = ImagePlaneWidget()
        script.add_module(ipw_y)
        ipw_y.ipw.plane_orientation = 'y_axes'

        ipw_z = ImagePlaneWidget()
        script.add_module(ipw_z)
        ipw_z.ipw.plane_orientation = 'z_axes'

        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        self.set_view(s)

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if saving a visualization and restoring it works.

        # Save visualization.
        f = BytesIO()
        f.name = abspath('test.mv2') # We simulate a file.
        script.save_visualization(f)
        f.seek(0) # So we can read this saved data.

        # Remove existing scene.
        engine = script.engine
        engine.close_scene(s)

        # Load visualization
        script.load_visualization(f)
        s = engine.current_scene
        # Set the scene to a suitable view.
        self.set_view(s)

        self.check()

        ############################################################
        # Test if the MayaVi2 visualization can be deepcopied.

        # Pop the source object.
        sources = s.children
        s.children = []
        # Add it back to see if that works without error.
        s.children.extend(sources)

        self.set_view(s)

        self.check()

        # Now deepcopy the source and replace the existing one with
        # the copy.  This basically simulates cutting/copying the
        # object from the UI via the right-click menu on the tree
        # view, and pasting the copy back.
        sources1 = copy.deepcopy(sources)
        s.children[:] = sources

        self.set_view(s)

        self.check()