def quotes_historical_yahoo(ticker, date1, date2, asobject=False, adjusted=True):
    """
    Get historical data for ticker between date1 and date2.  date1 and
    date2 are datetime instances
    
    results are a list of tuples

      (d, open, close, high, low, volume)
    
    where d is a floating poing representation of date, as returned by date2num

    if asobject is True, the return val is an object with attrs date,
    open, close, high, low, volume, which are equal length arrays

    if adjust=True, use adjusted prices

    Ex:
    sp = f.quotes_historical_yahoo('^GSPC', d1, d2, asobject=True, adjusted=True)
    returns = (sp.open[1:] - sp.open[:-1])/sp.open[1:]
    [n,bins,patches] = hist(returns, 100)
    mu = mean(returns)
    sigma = std(returns)
    x = normpdf(bins, mu, sigma)
    plot(bins, x, color='red', lw=2)
    """


    
    d1 = (date1.month-1, date1.day, date1.year)
    d2 = (date2.month-1, date2.day, date2.year)    


    urlFmt = 'http://table.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?a=%d&b=%d&c=%d&d=%d&e=%d&f=%d&s=%s&y=0&g=d&ignore=.csv'
        
    
    url =  urlFmt % (d1[0], d1[1], d1[2],
                     d2[0], d2[1], d2[2], ticker)


    cachename = os.path.join(cachedir, md5.md5(url).hexdigest())
    if os.path.exists(cachename):
        fh = file(cachename)
        verbose.report('Using cachefile %s for %s'%(cachename, ticker))
    else:
        if not os.path.isdir(cachedir): os.mkdir(cachedir)
        fh = file(cachename, 'w')
        fh.write(urlopen(url).read())
        fh.close()
        verbose.report('Saved %s data to cache file %s'%(ticker, cachename))
        fh = file(cachename, 'r')
        

        
        
    ticker = ticker.upper()

    try: ret = parse_yahoo_historical(fh, asobject, adjusted)
    except IOError, exc:
        warnings.warn('urlopen() failure\n' + url + '\n' + exc.strerror[1])
        return None

    def set_linestyle(self, linestyle):
        """
        Set the linestyle of the line

        'steps' is equivalent to 'steps-pre' and is maintained for
        backward-compatibility.

        ACCEPTS: [ '-' | '--' | '-.' | ':' | 'None' | ' ' | '' ] and
        any drawstyle in combination with a linestyle, e.g. 'steps--'.
        """

        # handle long drawstyle names before short ones !
        for ds in flatten([k.keys() for k in (self._drawStyles_l,
                self._drawStyles_s)], is_string_like):
            if linestyle.startswith(ds):
                self.set_drawstyle(ds)
                if len(linestyle) > len(ds):
                    linestyle = linestyle[len(ds):]
                else:
                    linestyle = '-'

        if linestyle not in self._lineStyles:
            if linestyle in ls_mapper:
                linestyle = ls_mapper[linestyle]
            else:
                verbose.report('Unrecognized line style %s, %s' %
                                            (linestyle, type(linestyle)))
        if linestyle in [' ','']:
            linestyle = 'None'
        self._linestyle = linestyle

 def cleanup(self):
     'Clean-up and collect the process used to write the movie file.'
     out, err = self._proc.communicate()
     verbose.report('MovieWriter -- Command stdout:\n%s' % out,
         level='debug')
     verbose.report('MovieWriter -- Command stderr:\n%s' % err,
         level='debug')

def gs_distill(tmpfile, eps=False, ptype='letter', bbox=None):
    """
    Use ghostscript's pswrite or epswrite device to distill a file.
    This yields smaller files without illegal encapsulated postscript
    operators. The output is low-level, converting text to outlines.
    """
    paper = '-sPAPERSIZE=%s'% ptype
    psfile = tmpfile + '.ps'
    outfile = tmpfile + '.output'
    dpi = rcParams['ps.distiller.res']
    if sys.platform == 'win32': gs_exe = 'gswin32c'
    else: gs_exe = 'gs'
    command = '%s -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -r%d -sDEVICE=pswrite %s -sOutputFile="%s" \
                "%s" > "%s"'% (gs_exe, dpi, paper, psfile, tmpfile, outfile)
    verbose.report(command, 'debug')
    exit_status = os.system(command)
    fh = file(outfile)
    if exit_status: raise RuntimeError('ghostscript was not able to process \
your image.\nHere is the full report generated by ghostscript:\n\n' + fh.read())
    else: verbose.report(fh.read(), 'debug')
    fh.close()
    os.remove(outfile)
    os.remove(tmpfile)
    shutil.move(psfile, tmpfile)
    if eps:
        pstoeps(tmpfile, bbox)

    def draw_image(self, x, y, im, bbox):
        filename = os.path.join (tempfile.gettempdir(),
                                 tempfile.gettempprefix() + '.png'
                                 )

        verbose.report ('Writing image file for include: %s' % filename)
        # im.write_png() accepts a filename, not file object, would be
        # good to avoid using files and write to mem with StringIO

        # JDH: it *would* be good, but I don't know how to do this
        # since libpng seems to want a FILE* and StringIO doesn't seem
        # to provide one.  I suspect there is a way, but I don't know
        # it

        im.flipud_out()

        h,w = im.get_size_out()
        y = self.height-y-h
        im.write_png(filename)

	imfile = file (filename, 'r')
	image64 = base64.b64encode (imfile.read())
	imfile.close()
	os.remove(filename)
        lines = [image64[i:i+76] for i in range(0, len(image64), 76)]

        self._svgwriter.write (
            '<image x="%f" y="%f" width="%f" height="%f" '
            'xlink:href="data:image/png;base64,\n%s" />\n'
            % (x, y, w+1, h+1, '\n'.join(lines))
            )

         # unflip
        im.flipud_out()

    def draw_text(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, ismath=False, mtext=None):
        """
        Render the text
        """
        if __debug__: verbose.report('RendererAgg.draw_text', 'debug-annoying')

        if ismath:
            return self.draw_mathtext(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle)

        flags = get_hinting_flag()
        font = self._get_agg_font(prop)
        if font is None: return None
        if len(s) == 1 and ord(s) > 127:
            font.load_char(ord(s), flags=flags)
        else:
            # We pass '0' for angle here, since it will be rotated (in raster
            # space) in the following call to draw_text_image).
            font.set_text(s, 0, flags=flags)
        font.draw_glyphs_to_bitmap(antialiased=rcParams['text.antialiased'])
        d = font.get_descent() / 64.0
        # The descent needs to be adjusted for the angle
        xo, yo = font.get_bitmap_offset()
        xo /= 64.0
        yo /= 64.0
        xd = -d * np.sin(np.deg2rad(angle))
        yd = d * np.cos(np.deg2rad(angle))

        #print x, y, int(x), int(y), s
        self._renderer.draw_text_image(
            font, np.round(x - xd + xo), np.round(y + yd + yo) + 1, angle, gc)

    def _get_agg_font(self, prop):
        """
        Get the font for text instance t, cacheing for efficiency
        """
        if __debug__: verbose.report('RendererAgg._get_agg_font',
                                     'debug-annoying')

        key = hash(prop)
        font = RendererAgg._fontd.get(key)

        if font is None:
            fname = findfont(prop)
            font = RendererAgg._fontd.get(fname)
            if font is None:
                font = FT2Font(
                    fname,
                    hinting_factor=rcParams['text.hinting_factor'])
                RendererAgg._fontd[fname] = font
            RendererAgg._fontd[key] = font

        font.clear()
        size = prop.get_size_in_points()
        font.set_size(size, self.dpi)

        return font

    def _fetch_historical_yahoo(self, ticker, date1, date2, freq=None, cachename=None):
        """matplotlib's implementation, modified to provide proxy support and frequency
        Fetch historical data for ticker between date1 and date2.  date1 and
        date2 are date or datetime instances, or (year, month, day) sequences.

        Ex:
        fh = fetch_historical_yahoo('^GSPC', (2000, 1, 1), (2001, 12, 31))

        cachename is the name of the local file cache.  If None, will
        default to the md5 hash or the url (which incorporates the ticker
        and date range)

        a file handle is returned
        """
        if freq is None or type(freq) != str:
            raise ValueError('Must enter a frequency as a string, m, w, or d')

        proxy = self._proxy
        ticker = ticker.upper()
        
        configdir = get_configdir()
        cachedir = os.path.join(configdir, 'finance.cache')

        if iterable(date1):
            d1 = (date1[1]-1, date1[2], date1[0])
        else:
            d1 = (date1.month-1, date1.day, date1.year)
        if iterable(date2):
            d2 = (date2[1]-1, date2[2], date2[0])
        else:
            d2 = (date2.month-1, date2.day, date2.year)

        urlFmt = 'http://table.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?a=%d&b=%d&c=%d&d=%d&e=%d&f=%d&s=%s&y=0&g=%s&ignore=.csv'

        url =  urlFmt % (d1[0], d1[1], d1[2],
                         d2[0], d2[1], d2[2], ticker, freq)

        if proxy:
            proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler(proxy)
            opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support)
            urllib2.install_opener(opener)

        if cachename is None:
            cachename = os.path.join(cachedir, md5(url).hexdigest())
        if os.path.exists(cachename):
            fh = file(cachename)
            verbose.report('Using cachefile %s for %s'%(cachename, ticker))
        else:
            if not os.path.isdir(cachedir):
                os.mkdir(cachedir)
            urlfh = urllib2.urlopen(url)

            fh = file(cachename, 'w')
            fh.write(urlfh.read())
            fh.close()
            verbose.report('Saved %s data to cache file %s'%(ticker, cachename))
            fh = file(cachename, 'r')

        return fh

    def cleanup(self):
        MovieWriter.cleanup(self)

        # Delete temporary files
        if self.clear_temp:
            verbose.report("MovieWriter: clearing temporary fnames=%s" % str(self._temp_names), level="debug")
            for fname in self._temp_names:
                os.remove(fname)

def convert_psfrags(tmpfile, psfrags, font_preamble, custom_preamble,
                    paperWidth, paperHeight, orientation):
    """
    When we want to use the LaTeX backend with postscript, we write PSFrag tags
    to a temporary postscript file, each one marking a position for LaTeX to
    render some text. convert_psfrags generates a LaTeX document containing the
    commands to convert those tags to text. LaTeX/dvips produces the postscript
    file that includes the actual text.
    """
    tmpdir = os.path.split(tmpfile)[0]
    epsfile = tmpfile+'.eps'
    shutil.move(tmpfile, epsfile)
    latexfile = tmpfile+'.tex'
    outfile = tmpfile+'.output'
    latexh = file(latexfile, 'w')
    dvifile = tmpfile+'.dvi'
    psfile = tmpfile+'.ps'

    if orientation=='landscape': angle = 90
    else: angle = 0

    if rcParams['text.latex.unicode']:
        unicode_preamble = """\usepackage{ucs}
\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}"""
    else:
        unicode_preamble = ''

    s = r"""\documentclass{article}
%s
%s
%s
\usepackage[dvips, papersize={%sin,%sin}, body={%sin,%sin}, margin={0in,0in}]{geometry}
\usepackage{psfrag}
\usepackage[dvips]{graphicx}
\usepackage{color}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\leavevmode
%s
\includegraphics*[angle=%s]{%s}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
"""% (font_preamble, unicode_preamble, custom_preamble, paperWidth, paperHeight,
      paperWidth, paperHeight,
      '\n'.join(psfrags), angle, os.path.split(epsfile)[-1])

    if rcParams['text.latex.unicode']:
        latexh.write(s.encode('utf8'))
    else:
        try:
            latexh.write(s)
        except UnicodeEncodeError, err:
            verbose.report("You are using unicode and latex, but have "
                           "not enabled the matplotlib 'text.latex.unicode' "
                           "rcParam.", 'helpful')
            raise

    def __init__(self, canvas, num):
        if _debug:
            print("FigureManagerGTK.%s" % fn_name())
        FigureManagerBase.__init__(self, canvas, num)

        self.window = gtk.Window()
        self.window.set_title("Figure %d" % num)
        if window_icon:
            try:
                self.window.set_icon_from_file(window_icon)
            except:
                # some versions of gtk throw a glib.GError but not
                # all, so I am not sure how to catch it.  I am unhappy
                # diong a blanket catch here, but an not sure what a
                # better way is - JDH
                verbose.report("Could not load matplotlib icon: %s" % sys.exc_info()[1])

        self.vbox = gtk.VBox()
        self.window.add(self.vbox)
        self.vbox.show()

        self.canvas.show()

        # attach a show method to the figure  for pylab ease of use
        self.canvas.figure.show = lambda *args: self.window.show()

        self.vbox.pack_start(self.canvas, True, True)

        self.toolbar = self._get_toolbar(canvas)

        # calculate size for window
        w = int(self.canvas.figure.bbox.width)
        h = int(self.canvas.figure.bbox.height)

        if self.toolbar is not None:
            self.toolbar.show()
            self.vbox.pack_end(self.toolbar, False, False)

            tb_w, tb_h = self.toolbar.size_request()
            h += tb_h
        self.window.set_default_size(w, h)

        def destroy(*args):
            Gcf.destroy(num)

        self.window.connect("destroy", destroy)
        self.window.connect("delete_event", destroy)
        if matplotlib.is_interactive():
            self.window.show()

        def notify_axes_change(fig):
            "this will be called whenever the current axes is changed"
            if self.toolbar is not None:
                self.toolbar.update()

        self.canvas.figure.add_axobserver(notify_axes_change)

        self.canvas.grab_focus()

 def _run(self):
     # Uses subprocess to call the program for assembling frames into a
     # movie file.  *args* returns the sequence of command line arguments
     # from a few configuration options.
     command = self._args()
     verbose.report('MovieWriter.run: running command: %s'%' '.join(command))
     self._proc = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=False,
         stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
         stdin=subprocess.PIPE)

    def __init__(self, canvas, num):
        if _debug: print 'FigureManagerGTK3.%s' % fn_name()
        FigureManagerBase.__init__(self, canvas, num)

        self.window = Gtk.Window()
        self.set_window_title("Figure %d" % num)
        try:
            self.window.set_icon_from_file(window_icon)
        except (SystemExit, KeyboardInterrupt):
            # re-raise exit type Exceptions
            raise
        except:
            # some versions of gtk throw a glib.GError but not
            # all, so I am not sure how to catch it.  I am unhappy
            # doing a blanket catch here, but am not sure what a
            # better way is - JDH
            verbose.report('Could not load matplotlib icon: %s' % sys.exc_info()[1])

        self.vbox = Gtk.Box()
        self.vbox.set_property("orientation", Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL)
        self.window.add(self.vbox)
        self.vbox.show()

        self.canvas.show()

        # attach a show method to the figure  for pylab ease of use
        self.canvas.figure.show = lambda *args: self.window.show()

        self.vbox.pack_start(self.canvas, True, True, 0)

        self.toolbar = self._get_toolbar(canvas)

        # calculate size for window
        w = int (self.canvas.figure.bbox.width)
        h = int (self.canvas.figure.bbox.height)

        if self.toolbar is not None:
            self.toolbar.show()
            self.vbox.pack_end(self.toolbar, False, False, 0)
            size_request = self.toolbar.size_request()
            h += size_request.height

        self.window.set_default_size (w, h)

        def destroy(*args):
            Gcf.destroy(num)
        self.window.connect("destroy", destroy)
        self.window.connect("delete_event", destroy)
        if matplotlib.is_interactive():
            self.window.show()

        def notify_axes_change(fig):
            'this will be called whenever the current axes is changed'
            if self.toolbar is not None: self.toolbar.update()
        self.canvas.figure.add_axobserver(notify_axes_change)

        self.canvas.grab_focus()

    def draw_image(self, x, y, im, bbox):
        trans = [1,0,0,1,0,0]
        transstr = ''
        if rcParams['svg.image_noscale']:
            trans = list(im.get_matrix())
            if im.get_interpolation() != 0:
                trans[4] += trans[0]
                trans[5] += trans[3]
            trans[5] = -trans[5]
            transstr = 'transform="matrix(%s %s %s %s %s %s)" '%tuple(trans)
            assert trans[1] == 0
            assert trans[2] == 0
            numrows,numcols = im.get_size()
            im.reset_matrix()
            im.set_interpolation(0)
            im.resize(numcols, numrows)

        h,w = im.get_size_out()

        if rcParams['svg.image_inline']:
            filename = os.path.join (tempfile.gettempdir(),
                                    tempfile.gettempprefix() + '.png'
                                    )

            verbose.report ('Writing temporary image file for inlining: %s' % filename)
            # im.write_png() accepts a filename, not file object, would be
            # good to avoid using files and write to mem with StringIO

            # JDH: it *would* be good, but I don't know how to do this
            # since libpng seems to want a FILE* and StringIO doesn't seem
            # to provide one.  I suspect there is a way, but I don't know
            # it

            im.flipud_out()
            im.write_png(filename)
            im.flipud_out()

            imfile = file (filename, 'rb')
            image64 = base64.encodestring (imfile.read())
            imfile.close()
            os.remove(filename)
            hrefstr = 'data:image/png;base64,\n' + image64

        else:
            self._imaged[self.basename] = self._imaged.get(self.basename,0) + 1
            filename = '%s.image%d.png'%(self.basename, self._imaged[self.basename])
            verbose.report( 'Writing image file for inclusion: %s' % filename)
            im.flipud_out()
            im.write_png(filename)
            im.flipud_out()
            hrefstr = filename

        self._svgwriter.write (
            '<image x="%s" y="%s" width="%s" height="%s" '
            'xlink:href="%s" %s/>\n'%(x/trans[0], (self.height-y)/trans[3]-h, w, h, hrefstr, transstr)
            )