static int hpt_attach(device_t dev)
{
	PHBA hba = (PHBA)device_get_softc(dev);
	HIM *him = hba->ldm_adapter.him;
	PCI_ID pci_id;
	HPT_UINT size;
	PVBUS vbus;
	PVBUS_EXT vbus_ext;

	KdPrint(("hpt_attach(%d/%d/%d)", pci_get_bus(dev), pci_get_slot(dev), pci_get_function(dev)));

	pci_enable_busmaster(dev);

	pci_id.vid = pci_get_vendor(dev);
	pci_id.did = pci_get_device(dev);
	pci_id.rev = pci_get_revid(dev);
	pci_id.subsys = (HPT_U32)(pci_get_subdevice(dev)) << 16 | pci_get_subvendor(dev);

	size = him->get_adapter_size(&pci_id);
	hba->ldm_adapter.him_handle = kmalloc(size, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
	if (!hba->ldm_adapter.him_handle)
		return ENXIO;

	hba->pcidev = dev;
	hba->pciaddr.tree = 0;
	hba->pciaddr.bus = pci_get_bus(dev);
	hba->pciaddr.device = pci_get_slot(dev);
	hba->pciaddr.function = pci_get_function(dev);

	if (!him->create_adapter(&pci_id, hba->pciaddr, hba->ldm_adapter.him_handle, hba)) {
		kfree(hba->ldm_adapter.him_handle, M_DEVBUF);
		return -1;
	}

	os_printk("adapter at PCI %d:%d:%d, IRQ %d",
		hba->pciaddr.bus, hba->pciaddr.device, hba->pciaddr.function, pci_get_irq(dev));

	if (!ldm_register_adapter(&hba->ldm_adapter)) {
		size = ldm_get_vbus_size();
		vbus_ext = kmalloc(sizeof(VBUS_EXT) + size, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
		if (!vbus_ext) {
			kfree(hba->ldm_adapter.him_handle, M_DEVBUF);
			return -1;
		}
		memset(vbus_ext, 0, sizeof(VBUS_EXT));
		vbus_ext->ext_type = EXT_TYPE_VBUS;
		ldm_create_vbus((PVBUS)vbus_ext->vbus, vbus_ext);
		ldm_register_adapter(&hba->ldm_adapter);
	}

	ldm_for_each_vbus(vbus, vbus_ext) {
		if (hba->ldm_adapter.vbus==vbus) {
			hba->vbus_ext = vbus_ext;
			hba->next = vbus_ext->hba_list;
			vbus_ext->hba_list = hba;
			break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
pcie_endpoint_cap_common_init(PCIDevice *dev, uint8_t offset, uint8_t cap_size)
{
    uint8_t type = PCI_EXP_TYPE_ENDPOINT;
    Error *local_err = NULL;
    int ret;

    /*
     * Windows guests will report Code 10, device cannot start, if
     * a regular Endpoint type is exposed on a root complex.  These
     * should instead be Root Complex Integrated Endpoints.
     */
    if (pci_bus_is_express(pci_get_bus(dev))
        && pci_bus_is_root(pci_get_bus(dev))) {
        type = PCI_EXP_TYPE_RC_END;
    }

    if (cap_size == PCI_EXP_VER1_SIZEOF) {
        return pcie_cap_v1_init(dev, offset, type, 0);
    } else {
        ret = pcie_cap_init(dev, offset, type, 0, &local_err);

        if (ret < 0) {
            error_report_err(local_err);
        }

        return ret;
    }
}

static void
ecc_e31200_status(struct ecc_e31200_softc *sc)
{
	device_t dev = sc->ecc_device;
	uint16_t errsts;
	int bus, slot;

	bus = pci_get_bus(dev);
	slot = pci_get_slot(dev);

	errsts = pcib_read_config(dev, bus, slot, 0, PCI_E31200_ERRSTS, 2);
	if (errsts & PCI_E31200_ERRSTS_DMERR)
		ecc_printf(sc, "Uncorrectable multilple-bit ECC error\n");
	else if (errsts & PCI_E31200_ERRSTS_DSERR)
		ecc_printf(sc, "Correctable single-bit ECC error\n");

	if (errsts & (PCI_E31200_ERRSTS_DSERR | PCI_E31200_ERRSTS_DMERR)) {
		if (sc->ecc_addr != NULL)
			ecc_e31200_errlog(sc);

		/* Clear pending errors */
		pcib_write_config(dev, bus, slot, 0, PCI_E31200_ERRSTS,
		    errsts, 2);
	}
}

static void
sfxge_mcdi_logger(void *arg, efx_log_msg_t type,
		  void *header, size_t header_size,
		  void *data, size_t data_size)
{
	struct sfxge_softc *sc = (struct sfxge_softc *)arg;
	char buffer[SFXGE_MCDI_LOG_BUF_SIZE];
	size_t pfxsize;
	size_t start;

	if (!sc->mcdi_logging)
		return;

	pfxsize = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
			   "sfc %04x:%02x:%02x.%02x %s MCDI RPC %s:",
			   pci_get_domain(sc->dev),
			   pci_get_bus(sc->dev),
			   pci_get_slot(sc->dev),
			   pci_get_function(sc->dev),
			   device_get_nameunit(sc->dev),
			   type == EFX_LOG_MCDI_REQUEST ? "REQ" :
			   type == EFX_LOG_MCDI_RESPONSE ? "RESP" : "???");
	start = sfxge_mcdi_do_log(buffer, header, header_size,
				  pfxsize, pfxsize);
	start = sfxge_mcdi_do_log(buffer, data, data_size, pfxsize, start);
	if (start != pfxsize) {
		buffer[start] = '\0';
		printf("%s\n", buffer);
	}
}

int
ixp425_md_route_interrupt(device_t bridge, device_t device, int pin)
{
	static int ixp425_pci_table[IXP425_MAX_DEV][IXP425_MAX_LINE] = {
		{PCI_INT_A, PCI_INT_B, PCI_INT_C, PCI_INT_D},
		{PCI_INT_B, PCI_INT_C, PCI_INT_D, PCI_INT_A},
		{PCI_INT_C, PCI_INT_D, PCI_INT_A, PCI_INT_B},
		{PCI_INT_D, PCI_INT_A, PCI_INT_B, PCI_INT_C},
		/* NB: for optional USB controller on Gateworks Avila */
		{PCI_INT_A, PCI_INT_B, PCI_INT_C, PCI_INT_D},
	};
	int dev;
	
	dev = pci_get_slot(device);
	if (bootverbose)
		device_printf(bridge, "routing pin %d for %s\n", pin,
		    device_get_nameunit(device));
	if (pin >= 1 && pin <= IXP425_MAX_LINE &&
	    dev >= 1 && dev <= IXP425_MAX_DEV) {
		return (ixp425_pci_table[dev - 1][pin - 1]);
	} else
		printf("ixppcib: no mapping for %d/%d/%d\n",
			pci_get_bus(device), dev, pci_get_function(device));

	return (-1);
}

int
vga_pci_repost(device_t dev)
{
#if defined(__amd64__) || (defined(__i386__) && !defined(PC98))
	x86regs_t regs;

	if (!vga_pci_is_boot_display(dev))
		return (EINVAL);

	if (x86bios_get_orm(VGA_PCI_BIOS_SHADOW_ADDR) == NULL)
		return (ENOTSUP);

	x86bios_init_regs(&regs);

	regs.R_AH = pci_get_bus(dev);
	regs.R_AL = (pci_get_slot(dev) << 3) | (pci_get_function(dev) & 0x07);
	regs.R_DL = 0x80;

	device_printf(dev, "REPOSTing\n");
	x86bios_call(&regs, X86BIOS_PHYSTOSEG(VGA_PCI_BIOS_SHADOW_ADDR + 3),
	    X86BIOS_PHYSTOOFF(VGA_PCI_BIOS_SHADOW_ADDR + 3));

	x86bios_get_intr(0x10);

	return (0);
#else
	return (ENOTSUP);
#endif
}

static int hpt_probe(device_t dev)
{
	PCI_ID pci_id;
	HIM *him;
	int i;
	PHBA hba;

	/* Some of supported chips are used not only by HPT. */
	if (pci_get_vendor(dev) != 0x1103 && !attach_generic)
		return (ENXIO);
	for (him = him_list; him; him = him->next) {
		for (i=0; him->get_supported_device_id(i, &pci_id); i++) {
			if ((pci_get_vendor(dev) == pci_id.vid) &&
				(pci_get_device(dev) == pci_id.did)){
				KdPrint(("hpt_probe: adapter at PCI %d:%d:%d, IRQ %d",
					pci_get_bus(dev), pci_get_slot(dev), pci_get_function(dev), pci_get_irq(dev)
				));
				device_set_desc(dev, him->name);
				hba = (PHBA)device_get_softc(dev);
				memset(hba, 0, sizeof(HBA));
				hba->ext_type = EXT_TYPE_HBA;
				hba->ldm_adapter.him = him;
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}

	return (ENXIO);
}

void pcie_cap_slot_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
                                     DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    Error *local_err = NULL;
    PCIDevice *pci_dev = PCI_DEVICE(dev);
    PCIBus *bus = pci_get_bus(pci_dev);

    pcie_cap_slot_plug_common(PCI_DEVICE(hotplug_dev), dev, &local_err);
    if (local_err) {
        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
        return;
    }

    /* In case user cancel the operation of multi-function hot-add,
     * remove the function that is unexposed to guest individually,
     * without interaction with guest.
     */
    if (pci_dev->devfn &&
        !bus->devices[0]) {
        pcie_unplug_device(bus, pci_dev, NULL);

        return;
    }

    pcie_cap_slot_push_attention_button(PCI_DEVICE(hotplug_dev));
}

phandle_t
ofw_pci_node(device_t dev)
{

	return (ofw_pci_find_node(pci_get_bus(dev), pci_get_slot(dev),
	    pci_get_function(dev)));
}

static PCIBridgeWindows *pci_bridge_region_init(PCIBridge *br)
{
    PCIDevice *pd = PCI_DEVICE(br);
    PCIBus *parent = pci_get_bus(pd);
    PCIBridgeWindows *w = g_new(PCIBridgeWindows, 1);
    uint16_t cmd = pci_get_word(pd->config + PCI_COMMAND);

    pci_bridge_init_alias(br, &w->alias_pref_mem,
                          PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH,
                          "pci_bridge_pref_mem",
                          &br->address_space_mem,
                          parent->address_space_mem,
                          cmd & PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
    pci_bridge_init_alias(br, &w->alias_mem,
                          PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY,
                          "pci_bridge_mem",
                          &br->address_space_mem,
                          parent->address_space_mem,
                          cmd & PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
    pci_bridge_init_alias(br, &w->alias_io,
                          PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO,
                          "pci_bridge_io",
                          &br->address_space_io,
                          parent->address_space_io,
                          cmd & PCI_COMMAND_IO);

    pci_bridge_init_vga_aliases(br, parent, w->alias_vga);

    return w;
}

static int
ofw_pci_route_interrupt(device_t bus, device_t dev, int pin)
{
	struct ofw_pci_softc *sc;
	struct ofw_pci_register reg;
	uint32_t pintr, mintr[2];
	int intrcells;
	phandle_t iparent;

	sc = device_get_softc(bus);
	pintr = pin;

	/* Fabricate imap information in case this isn't an OFW device */
	bzero(&reg, sizeof(reg));
	reg.phys_hi = (pci_get_bus(dev) << OFW_PCI_PHYS_HI_BUSSHIFT) |
	    (pci_get_slot(dev) << OFW_PCI_PHYS_HI_DEVICESHIFT) |
	    (pci_get_function(dev) << OFW_PCI_PHYS_HI_FUNCTIONSHIFT);

	intrcells = ofw_bus_lookup_imap(ofw_bus_get_node(dev),
	    &sc->sc_pci_iinfo, &reg, sizeof(reg), &pintr, sizeof(pintr),
	    mintr, sizeof(mintr), &iparent);
	if (intrcells) {
		pintr = ofw_bus_map_intr(dev, iparent, intrcells, mintr);
		return (pintr);
	}

	/* Maybe it's a real interrupt, not an intpin */
	if (pin > 4)
		return (pin);

	device_printf(bus, "could not route pin %d for device %d.%d\n",
	    pin, pci_get_slot(dev), pci_get_function(dev));
	return (PCI_INVALID_IRQ);
}

static void pci_bridge_region_del(PCIBridge *br, PCIBridgeWindows *w)
{
    PCIDevice *pd = PCI_DEVICE(br);
    PCIBus *parent = pci_get_bus(pd);

    memory_region_del_subregion(parent->address_space_io, &w->alias_io);
    memory_region_del_subregion(parent->address_space_mem, &w->alias_mem);
    memory_region_del_subregion(parent->address_space_mem, &w->alias_pref_mem);
    pci_unregister_vga(pd);
}

extern int
machdep_pci_route_interrupt(device_t pcib, device_t dev, int pin)
{
	int bus;
	int device;
	int func;
	uint32_t busno;
	struct i80321_pci_softc *sc = device_get_softc(pcib);
	bus = pci_get_bus(dev);
	device = pci_get_slot(dev);
	func = pci_get_function(dev);
	busno = bus_space_read_4(sc->sc_st, sc->sc_atu_sh, ATU_PCIXSR);
	busno = PCIXSR_BUSNO(busno);
	if (busno == 0xff)
		busno = 0;
	if (bus != busno)
		goto no_mapping;
	switch (device) {
		/* IQ31244 PCI */
	case 1: /* PCIX-PCIX bridge */
		/*
		 * The S-ATA chips are behind the bridge, and all of
		 * the S-ATA interrupts are wired together.
		 */
		return (ICU_INT_XINT(2));
	case 2: /* PCI slot */
		/* All pins are wired together. */
		return (ICU_INT_XINT(3));
	case 3: /* i82546 dual Gig-E */
		if (pin == 1 || pin == 2)
			return (ICU_INT_XINT(0));
		goto no_mapping;
		/* IQ80321 PCI */
	case 4: /* i82544 Gig-E */
	case 8: /*
		 * Apparently you can set the device for the ethernet adapter
		 * to 8 with a jumper, so handle that as well
		 */
		if (pin == 1)
			return (ICU_INT_XINT(0));
		goto no_mapping;
	case 6: /* S-PCI-X slot */
		if (pin == 1)
			return (ICU_INT_XINT(2));
		if (pin == 2)
			return (ICU_INT_XINT(3));
		goto no_mapping;
	default:
no_mapping:
		printf("No mapping for %d/%d/%d/%c\n", bus, device, func, pin);
		
	}
	return (0);

}

/*
 * Return a pointer to a pretty name for a PCI device.  If the device
 * has a driver attached, the device's name is used, otherwise a name
 * is generated from the device's PCI address.
 */
const char *
pcib_child_name(device_t child)
{
	static char buf[64];

	if (device_get_nameunit(child) != NULL)
		return (device_get_nameunit(child));
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "pci%d:%d:%d:%d", pci_get_domain(child),
	    pci_get_bus(child), pci_get_slot(child), pci_get_function(child));
	return (buf);
}

static struct resource *
xlp_pci_alloc_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int *rid,
    u_long start, u_long end, u_long count, u_int flags)
{
	struct resource *r;
	struct xlp_devinfo *xlp_devinfo;
	int busno;

	/*
	 * Do custom allocation for MEMORY resource for SoC device if 
	 * MEM_RES_EMUL flag is set
	 */
	busno = pci_get_bus(child);
	if ((type == SYS_RES_MEMORY || type == SYS_RES_IOPORT) && busno == 0) {
		xlp_devinfo = (struct xlp_devinfo *)device_get_ivars(child);
		if ((xlp_devinfo->flags & MEM_RES_EMUL) != 0) {
			/* no emulation for IO ports */
			if (type == SYS_RES_IOPORT)
				return (NULL);

			start = xlp_devinfo->mem_res_start;
			count = XLP_PCIE_CFG_SIZE - XLP_IO_PCI_HDRSZ;

			/* MMC needs to 2 slots with rids 16 and 20 and a
			 * fixup for size */
			if (pci_get_device(child) == PCI_DEVICE_ID_NLM_MMC) {
				count = 0x100;
				if (*rid == 16)
					; /* first slot already setup */
				else if (*rid == 20)
					start += 0x100; /* second slot */
				else
					return (NULL);
			}

			end = start + count - 1;
			r = BUS_ALLOC_RESOURCE(device_get_parent(bus), child,
			    type, rid, start, end, count, flags);
			if (r == NULL)
				return (NULL);
			if ((xlp_devinfo->flags & DEV_MMIO32) != 0)
				rman_set_bustag(r, rmi_uart_bus_space);
			return (r);
		}
	}

	/* Not custom alloc, use PCI code */
	return (pci_alloc_resource(bus, child, type, rid, start, end, count,
	    flags));
}

static int
t4iov_attach(device_t dev)
{
	struct t4iov_softc *sc;

	sc = device_get_softc(dev);
	sc->sc_dev = dev;

	sc->sc_main = pci_find_dbsf(pci_get_domain(dev), pci_get_bus(dev),
	    pci_get_slot(dev), 4);
	if (T4_IS_MAIN_READY(sc->sc_main) == 0)
		return (t4iov_attach_child(dev));
	return (0);
}

static struct pptdev *
ppt_find(int bus, int slot, int func)
{
	device_t dev;
	int i, b, s, f;

	for (i = 0; i < num_pptdevs; i++) {
		dev = pptdevs[i].dev;
		b = pci_get_bus(dev);
		s = pci_get_slot(dev);
		f = pci_get_function(dev);
		if (bus == b && slot == s && func == f)
			return (&pptdevs[i]);
	}
	return (NULL);
}

static int
xlp_pci_release_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int rid,
    struct resource *r)
{
	u_long start;

	/* If custom alloc, handle that */
	start = rman_get_start(r);
	if (type == SYS_RES_MEMORY && pci_get_bus(child) == 0 &&
	    start >= EMUL_MEM_START && start <= EMUL_MEM_END)
		return (BUS_RELEASE_RESOURCE(device_get_parent(bus), child,
		    type, rid, r));

	/* use default PCI function */
	return (bus_generic_rl_release_resource(bus, child, type, rid, r));
}

int
ppt_unassign_all(struct vm *vm)
{
	int i, bus, slot, func;
	device_t dev;

	for (i = 0; i < num_pptdevs; i++) {
		if (pptdevs[i].vm == vm) {
			dev = pptdevs[i].dev;
			bus = pci_get_bus(dev);
			slot = pci_get_slot(dev);
			func = pci_get_function(dev);
			vm_unassign_pptdev(vm, bus, slot, func);
		}
	}

	return (0);
}

static void
acpi_pci_update_device(ACPI_HANDLE handle, device_t pci_child)
{
    ACPI_STATUS status;
    device_t child;

    /*
     * Lookup and remove the unused device that acpi0 creates when it walks
     * the namespace creating devices.
     */
    child = acpi_get_device(handle);
    if (child != NULL) {
        if (device_is_alive(child)) {
            /*
             * The TabletPC TC1000 has a second PCI-ISA bridge
             * that has a _HID for an acpi_sysresource device.
             * In that case, leave ACPI-CA's device data pointing
             * at the ACPI-enumerated device.
             */
            device_printf(child,
                          "Conflicts with PCI device %d:%d:%d\n",
                          pci_get_bus(pci_child), pci_get_slot(pci_child),
                          pci_get_function(pci_child));
            return;
        }
        KASSERT(device_get_parent(child) ==
                devclass_get_device(devclass_find("acpi"), 0),
                ("%s: child (%s)'s parent is not acpi0", __func__,
                 acpi_name(handle)));
        device_delete_child(device_get_parent(child), child);
    }

    /*
     * Update ACPI-CA to use the PCI enumerated device_t for this handle.
     */
    status = AcpiDetachData(handle, acpi_fake_objhandler);
    if (ACPI_FAILURE(status))
        kprintf("WARNING: Unable to detach object data from %s - %s\n",
                acpi_name(handle), AcpiFormatException(status));
    status = AcpiAttachData(handle, acpi_fake_objhandler, pci_child);
    if (ACPI_FAILURE(status))
        kprintf("WARNING: Unable to attach object data to %s - %s\n",
                acpi_name(handle), AcpiFormatException(status));
}