static void tstRTPipe2(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Negative");

    RTPIPE  hPipeR = (RTPIPE)1;
    RTPIPE  hPipeW = (RTPIPE)1;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, &hPipeW, ~0), VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeCreate(NULL, &hPipeW, 0), VERR_INVALID_POINTER);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, NULL, 0), VERR_INVALID_POINTER);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(hPipeR == (RTPIPE)1);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(hPipeW == (RTPIPE)1);


    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, &hPipeW, 0), VINF_SUCCESS);

    char abBuf[_4K];
    size_t cbRead = ~(size_t)3;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeRead(hPipeW, abBuf, 0, &cbRead), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeRead(hPipeW, abBuf, 1, &cbRead), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(cbRead == ~(size_t)3);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeReadBlocking(hPipeW, abBuf, 0, NULL), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeReadBlocking(hPipeW, abBuf, 1, NULL), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);

    size_t cbWrite = ~(size_t)5;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeWrite(hPipeR, "asdf", 0, &cbWrite), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeWrite(hPipeR, "asdf", 4, &cbWrite), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(cbWrite == ~(size_t)5);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeWriteBlocking(hPipeR, "asdf", 0, NULL), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeWriteBlocking(hPipeR, "asdf", 4, NULL), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeFlush(hPipeR), VERR_ACCESS_DENIED);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeClose(hPipeR), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeClose(hPipeW), VINF_SUCCESS);
}

static void dotest(void)
{
    RTDBGKRNLINFO hKrnlInfo;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTR0DbgKrnlInfoOpen(&hKrnlInfo, 0), VINF_SUCCESS);
    static const char * const s_apszSyms[] =
    {
        "ast_pending",
        "cpu_interrupt",
        "dtrace_register",
        "dtrace_suspend",
        "kext_alloc",
        "kext_free",
        "vm_map_protect"
    };
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < RT_ELEMENTS(s_apszSyms); i++)
    {
        void *pvValue = NULL;
        int rc = RTR0DbgKrnlInfoQuerySymbol(hKrnlInfo, NULL, s_apszSyms[i], &pvValue);
        RTTestIPrintf(RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "%Rrc %p %s\n", rc, pvValue, s_apszSyms[i]);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc, VINF_SUCCESS);
        if (RT_SUCCESS(rc))
            RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTR0DbgKrnlInfoQuerySymbol(hKrnlInfo, NULL, s_apszSyms[i], NULL), VINF_SUCCESS);
    }

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTR0DbgKrnlInfoQuerySymbol(hKrnlInfo, NULL, "no_such_symbol_name_really", NULL), VERR_SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(RTR0DbgKrnlInfoRelease(hKrnlInfo) == 0);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(RTR0DbgKrnlInfoRelease(NIL_RTDBGKRNLINFO) == 0);
}

static void doMemRealloc(RTTEST hTest)
{
    RTTestPrintf(hTest, RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "%u reallocation, grow by 1 bytes\n", PAGE_SIZE * 2);
    size_t cbAlloc = RTRandS32Ex(1, _16K);
    void  *pvBuf   = NULL;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_OK_RETV(RTMemSaferAllocZEx(&pvBuf, cbAlloc, 0));
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= PAGE_SIZE * 2; i++)
    {
        cbAlloc += 1;
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_OK_RETV(RTMemSaferReallocZEx(cbAlloc - 1, pvBuf, cbAlloc, &pvBuf, 0));
        memset(pvBuf, i & 0x7f, cbAlloc);
    }
    RTMemSaferFree(pvBuf, cbAlloc);


    RTTestPrintf(hTest, RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "100 random reallocations\n");
    uint8_t chFiller = 0x42;
    cbAlloc = 0;
    pvBuf   = NULL;
    for (uint32_t i = 1; i <= 100; i++)
    {
        uint32_t cbNew = RTRandS32Ex(1, _16K + (i / 4) * _16K);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_OK_RETV(RTMemSaferReallocZEx(cbAlloc, pvBuf, cbNew, &pvBuf, 0));

        RTTESTI_CHECK(ASMMemIsAll8(pvBuf, RT_MIN(cbAlloc, cbNew), chFiller) == NULL);

        chFiller += 0x31;
        memset(pvBuf, chFiller, cbNew);
        cbAlloc = cbNew;
    }
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_OK_RETV(RTMemSaferReallocZEx(cbAlloc, pvBuf, 0, &pvBuf, 0));
    RTTESTI_CHECK(pvBuf == NULL);
}

/**
 * Basic API checks.
 */
static void tst1(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Manifest creation");

    size_t cbSize = 0;
    size_t iFailed = 0;

    /*
     * test1.txt = "This is a test text."
     * test2.txt = "Another test text."
     */
    static RTMANIFESTTEST /*const*/ s_aFiles[] = /** @todo API misdesign, this should be const. */
    {
        { "test1.txt", "794a8cc644b318ae6461aeea62915e399e441e8"  },
        { "test2.txt", "f17393902ee94c1e8bbd4bf417cdc70051feca00" }
    };
    static const char s_szTestPattern[] =
        "SHA1 (test1.txt)= 794a8cc644b318ae6461aeea62915e399e441e8\n"
        "SHA1 (test2.txt)= f17393902ee94c1e8bbd4bf417cdc70051feca00\n"
    ;

    void *pvBuf = NULL;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTManifestWriteFilesBuf(&pvBuf, &cbSize, RTDIGESTTYPE_SHA1, s_aFiles, 2), VINF_SUCCESS);

    /* Check returned memory size */
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(cbSize == strlen(s_szTestPattern));

    /* Check for correct manifest file content */
    RTTESTI_CHECK(memcmp(pvBuf, s_szTestPattern, cbSize) == 0);

    RTTestISub("Manifest verify");
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTManifestVerifyFilesBuf(pvBuf, cbSize, s_aFiles, 2, 0), VINF_SUCCESS);

    /* To little files to check */
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTManifestVerifyFilesBuf(pvBuf, cbSize, s_aFiles, 1, 0), VERR_MANIFEST_FILE_MISMATCH);

    /* Make the digest type invalid */
    ((char*)pvBuf)[0] = 'L';
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTManifestVerifyFilesBuf(pvBuf, cbSize, s_aFiles, 2, 0), VERR_MANIFEST_UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST_TYPE);
    ((char*)pvBuf)[0] = 'S'; /* Restore */

    /* Make the file name invalid */
    ((char*)pvBuf)[8] = 'z';
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTManifestVerifyFilesBuf(pvBuf, cbSize, s_aFiles, 2, 0), VERR_MANIFEST_FILE_MISMATCH);
    ((char*)pvBuf)[8] = 's'; /* Restore */

    /* Make the second digest invalid */
    ((char*)pvBuf)[99] = '0';
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTManifestVerifyFilesBuf(pvBuf, cbSize, s_aFiles, 2, &iFailed), VERR_MANIFEST_DIGEST_MISMATCH);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(iFailed == 1);

    /* Cleanup */
    RTMemFree(pvBuf);
}

static void testCopyEx1(RTTEST hTest)
{
    RTTestISub("RTStrCopyEx");

    char *pszBuf4H = (char *)RTTestGuardedAllocHead(hTest, 4);
    char *pszBuf4T = (char *)RTTestGuardedAllocTail(hTest, 4);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4H, 4, "abc", RTSTR_MAX), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4H, "abc") == 0);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4T, 4, "abc", RTSTR_MAX), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4T, "abc") == 0);

    RT_BZERO(pszBuf4H, 4); RT_BZERO(pszBuf4T, 4);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4H, 4, "abcd", RTSTR_MAX), VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4H, "abc") == 0);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4T, 4, "abcd", RTSTR_MAX), VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4T, "abc") == 0);

    RT_BZERO(pszBuf4H, 4); RT_BZERO(pszBuf4T, 4);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4H, 4, "abcd", 3), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4H, "abc") == 0);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4T, 4, "abcd", 3), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4T, "abc") == 0);

    RT_BZERO(pszBuf4H, 4); RT_BZERO(pszBuf4T, 4);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4H, 4, "abcd", 2), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4H, "ab") == 0);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCopyEx(pszBuf4T, 4, "abcd", 2), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszBuf4T, "ab") == 0);
}

static void tstShowStats(RTSTRCACHE hStrCache)
{
    size_t   cbStrings;
    size_t   cbChunks;
    size_t   cbBigEntries;
    uint32_t cHashCollisions;
    uint32_t cHashCollisions2;
    uint32_t cHashInserts;
    uint32_t cRehashes;
    uint32_t cStrings = RTStrCacheGetStats(hStrCache, &cbStrings, &cbChunks, &cbBigEntries,
                                           &cHashCollisions, &cHashCollisions2, &cHashInserts, &cRehashes);
    if (cbStrings == UINT32_MAX)
    {
        RTTESTI_CHECK(!RTStrCacheIsRealImpl());
        return;
    }

    RTTestIValue("Strings", cStrings, RTTESTUNIT_OCCURRENCES);
    RTTestIValue("Memory overhead", (uint64_t)(cbChunks + cbBigEntries - cbStrings) * 100 / cbStrings, RTTESTUNIT_PCT);
    if (cHashInserts > 0)
    {
        RTTestIValue("Collisions", (uint64_t)cHashCollisions * 100 / cHashInserts, RTTESTUNIT_PCT);
        RTTestIValue("Collisions2", (uint64_t)cHashCollisions2 * 100 / cHashInserts, RTTESTUNIT_PCT);
    }
    RTTestIPrintf(RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "cHashInserts=%u cHashCollisions=%u cHashCollisions2=%u cRehashes=%u\n",
                  cHashInserts, cHashCollisions, cHashCollisions2, cRehashes);
    RTTestIPrintf(RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "cbChunks=%zu cbBigEntries=%zu cbStrings=%zu\n", cbChunks, cbBigEntries, cbStrings);
}

static void test1(const char *pszSubTest, const char *pszFilename)
{
    int rc;
    RTTestISub(pszSubTest);

    RTFILE hFile;
    rc = RTFileOpen(&hFile, pszFilename, RTFILE_O_READ | RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE | RTFILE_O_OPEN);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
    {
        if (   rc == VERR_ACCESS_DENIED
            || rc == VERR_PERMISSION_DENIED
            || rc == VERR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
        {
            RTTestIPrintf(RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "Cannot access '%s', skipping.", pszFilename);
            return;
        }
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTFileOpen(&hFile, pszFilename, RTFILE_O_READ | RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE | RTFILE_O_OPEN), VINF_SUCCESS);
    }

    uint64_t    cbFile = UINT64_MAX - 42;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTFileGetSize(hFile, &cbFile), VINF_SUCCESS);
    if (RT_SUCCESS(rc))
    {
        RTTESTI_CHECK(cbFile != UINT64_MAX - 42);
        RTTestIValue(pszSubTest, cbFile, RTTESTUNIT_BYTES);
    }

    RTFileClose(hFile);
    RTTestISubDone();
}

/**
 * Does a multi-threading list test. Several list additions, reading, replacing
 * and erasing are done simultaneous.
 *
 */
static void test2()
{
    RTTestISubF("MT test with 6 threads (%u tests per thread).", MTTESTITEMS);

    int                         rc;
    MTTESTLISTTYPE<MTTESTTYPE>  testList;
    RTTHREAD                    ahThreads[6];
    static PFNRTTHREAD          apfnThreads[6] =
    {
        MtTest1ThreadProc, MtTest2ThreadProc, MtTest3ThreadProc, MtTest4ThreadProc, MtTest5ThreadProc, MtTest6ThreadProc
    };

    for (unsigned i = 0; i < RT_ELEMENTS(ahThreads); i++)
    {
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTThreadCreateF(&ahThreads[i], apfnThreads[i], &testList, 0,
                                              RTTHREADTYPE_DEFAULT, RTTHREADFLAGS_WAITABLE, "mttest%u", i), VINF_SUCCESS);
    }

    uint64_t tsMsDeadline = RTTimeMilliTS() + 60000;
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < RT_ELEMENTS(ahThreads); i++)
    {
        uint64_t tsNow = RTTimeMilliTS();
        uint32_t cWait = tsNow > tsMsDeadline ? 5000 : tsMsDeadline - tsNow;
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTThreadWait(ahThreads[i], tsNow, NULL), VINF_SUCCESS);
    }

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(testList.size() == MTTESTITEMS * 2);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < testList.size(); ++i)
    {
        uint32_t a = testList.at(i);
        RTTESTI_CHECK(a == 0x0 || a == 0xFFFFFFFF || a == 0xF0F0F0F0 || a == 0xFF00FF00);
    }
}

static void tstRTPipe5(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Inherit non-standard pipe handle, read end");

    char    szPathSelf[RTPATH_MAX];
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(RTProcGetExecutablePath(szPathSelf, sizeof(szPathSelf)) == szPathSelf);

    RTPIPE  hPipeR;
    RTPIPE  hPipeW;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, &hPipeW, RTPIPE_C_INHERIT_READ), VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTHCINTPTR hNative = RTPipeToNative(hPipeR);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(hNative != -1);

    char szNative[64];
    RTStrPrintf(szNative, sizeof(szNative), "%RHi", hNative);
    const char *papszArgs[4] = { szPathSelf, "--child-5", szNative, NULL };

    RTPROCESS hChild;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTProcCreate(szPathSelf, papszArgs, RTENV_DEFAULT, 0 /*fFlags*/, &hChild), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeClose(hPipeR), VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeWriteBlocking(hPipeW, g_szTest5Message, sizeof(g_szTest5Message) - 1, NULL), VINF_SUCCESS);
    int rc;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTPipeClose(hPipeW), VINF_SUCCESS);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcTerminate(hChild), VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTPROCSTATUS ProcStatus;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTProcWait(hChild, RTPROCWAIT_FLAGS_BLOCK, &ProcStatus), VINF_SUCCESS);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        return;
    RTTESTI_CHECK(   ProcStatus.enmReason == RTPROCEXITREASON_NORMAL
                  && ProcStatus.iStatus   == 0);
}

static void tstVfsIoFromStandardHandle(RTTEST hTest, RTHANDLESTD enmHandle)
{
    RTTestSubF(hTest, "RTVfsIoStrmFromStdHandle(%s)", StandardHandleToString(enmHandle));

    RTVFSIOSTREAM hVfsIos = NIL_RTVFSIOSTREAM;
    int rc = RTVfsIoStrmFromStdHandle(enmHandle, 0, true /*fLeaveOpen*/, &hVfsIos);
    if (RT_SUCCESS(rc))
    {
        if (   enmHandle == RTHANDLESTD_OUTPUT
            || enmHandle == RTHANDLESTD_ERROR)
        {
            char szTmp[80];
            size_t cchTmp = RTStrPrintf(szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), "Test output to %s\n", StandardHandleToString(enmHandle));

            size_t cbWritten;
            RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTVfsIoStrmWrite(hVfsIos, szTmp, cchTmp, true /*fBlocking*/, &cbWritten), VINF_SUCCESS);
            if (RT_SUCCESS(rc))
                RTTESTI_CHECK(cbWritten == cchTmp);
        }

        uint32_t cRefs = RTVfsIoStrmRelease(hVfsIos);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_MSG(cRefs == 0, ("cRefs=%#x\n", cRefs));
    }
    else
        RTTestFailed(hTest, "Error creating VFS I/O stream for %s: %Rrc\n", StandardHandleToString(enmHandle), rc);
}

static void tstRTProcQueryUsername(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Basics");

    size_t  cbUser;
    char    szUser[1024];
    memset(szUser, '-', sizeof(szUser));

    /* negative stuff that may assert: */
    bool fMayPanic = RTAssertSetMayPanic(false);
    bool fQuiet    = RTAssertSetQuiet(true);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsername(RTProcSelf(), NULL, 8, &cbUser), VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsername(RTProcSelf(), szUser, 0, &cbUser), VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsername(RTProcSelf(), NULL, 0, NULL), VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsernameA(RTProcSelf(), NULL), VERR_INVALID_POINTER);

    RTAssertSetMayPanic(fMayPanic);
    RTAssertSetQuiet(fQuiet);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsername(RTProcSelf(), NULL, 0, &cbUser), VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW);
    memset(szUser, '-', sizeof(szUser));
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsername(RTProcSelf(), szUser, cbUser - 1, &cbUser), VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW);
    memset(szUser, '-', sizeof(szUser));
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsername(RTProcSelf(), szUser, sizeof(szUser), &cbUser), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTestPrintf(NULL, RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "Username: %s\n", szUser); /* */

    char *pszUser = NULL;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcQueryUsernameA(RTProcSelf(), &pszUser), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTestPrintf(NULL, RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "Username: %s\n", pszUser);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(strcmp(pszUser, szUser) == 0);
    RTStrFree(pszUser);
}

static void doTestsOnDefaultValues(PCFGMNODE pRoot)
{
    /* integer */
    uint64_t u64;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryU64(pRoot, "RamSize", &u64), VINF_SUCCESS);

    size_t cb = 0;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QuerySize(pRoot, "RamSize", &cb), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(cb == sizeof(uint64_t));

    /* string */
    char *pszName = NULL;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryStringAlloc(pRoot, "Name", &pszName), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QuerySize(pRoot, "Name", &cb), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(cb == strlen(pszName) + 1);
    MMR3HeapFree(pszName);
}

/**
 * Check hash and memory performance.
 */
static void tst2(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Hash performance");

    /*
     * Generate test strings using a specific pseudo random generator.
     */
    size_t cbStrings = 0;
    char  *apszTests[8192];
    RTRAND hRand;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTRandAdvCreateParkMiller(&hRand), VINF_SUCCESS);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 8192; i++)
    {
        char szBuf[8192];
        uint32_t cch = RTRandAdvU32Ex(hRand, 3, sizeof(szBuf) - 1);
        RTRandAdvBytes(hRand, szBuf, cch);
        szBuf[cch] = '\0';
        for (uint32_t off = 0; off < cch; off++)
        {
            uint8_t b = szBuf[off];
            b &= 0x7f;
            if (!b || b == 0x7f)
                b = ' ';
            else if (RTLocCIsCntrl(b) && b != '\n' && b != '\r' && b != '\t')
                b += 0x30;
            szBuf[off] = b;
        }
        apszTests[i] = (char *)RTMemDup(szBuf, cch + 1);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(apszTests[i] != NULL);
        cbStrings += cch + 1;
    }
    RTRandAdvDestroy(hRand);
    RTTestIValue("Average string", cbStrings / RT_ELEMENTS(apszTests), RTTESTUNIT_BYTES);

    /*
     * Test new insertion first time around.
     */
    RTSTRCACHE hStrCache;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTStrCacheCreate(&hStrCache, "hash performance"), VINF_SUCCESS);

    uint64_t nsTsStart = RTTimeNanoTS();
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < RT_ELEMENTS(apszTests); i++)
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(RTStrCacheEnter(hStrCache, apszTests[i]) != NULL);
    uint64_t cNsElapsed = RTTimeNanoTS() - nsTsStart;
    RTTestIValue("First insert", cNsElapsed / RT_ELEMENTS(apszTests), RTTESTUNIT_NS_PER_CALL);

    /*
     * Insert existing strings.
     */
    nsTsStart = RTTimeNanoTS();
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 8192; i++)
        RTTESTI_CHECK(RTStrCacheEnter(hStrCache, apszTests[i]) != NULL);
    cNsElapsed = RTTimeNanoTS() - nsTsStart;
    RTTestIValue("Duplicate insert", cNsElapsed / RT_ELEMENTS(apszTests), RTTESTUNIT_NS_PER_CALL);

    tstShowStats(hStrCache);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTStrCacheDestroy(hStrCache), VINF_SUCCESS);
}

static void tstRTPipe3(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Full write buffer");

    RTPIPE  hPipeR = (RTPIPE)999999;
    RTPIPE  hPipeW = (RTPIPE)999999;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, &hPipeW, 0), VINF_SUCCESS);

    static char s_abBuf[_256K];
    int         rc      = VINF_SUCCESS;
    size_t      cbTotal = 0;
    memset(s_abBuf, 0xff, sizeof(s_abBuf));
    for (;;)
    {
        RTTESTI_CHECK(cbTotal < _1G);
        if (cbTotal > _1G)
            break;

        size_t cbWritten = _1G;
        rc = RTPipeWrite(hPipeW, s_abBuf, sizeof(s_abBuf), &cbWritten);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_MSG(rc == VINF_SUCCESS || rc == VINF_TRY_AGAIN, ("rc=%Rrc\n", rc));
        if (rc != VINF_SUCCESS)
            break;
        cbTotal += cbWritten;
    }

    if (rc == VINF_TRY_AGAIN)
    {
        RTTestIPrintf(RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "cbTotal=%zu (%#zx)\n", cbTotal, cbTotal);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeSelectOne(hPipeW, 0), VERR_TIMEOUT);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeSelectOne(hPipeW, 1), VERR_TIMEOUT);
        size_t cbRead;
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeRead(hPipeR, s_abBuf, RT_MIN(sizeof(s_abBuf), cbTotal) / 2, &cbRead), VINF_SUCCESS);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeSelectOne(hPipeW, 0), VINF_SUCCESS);
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeSelectOne(hPipeW, 1), VINF_SUCCESS);

        size_t cbWritten = _1G;
        rc = RTPipeWrite(hPipeW, s_abBuf, sizeof(s_abBuf), &cbWritten);
        RTTESTI_CHECK(rc == VINF_SUCCESS);
    }

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeClose(hPipeR), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeClose(hPipeW), VINF_SUCCESS);
}

static void tst1(size_t cTest, size_t cchDigits, char chSep)
{
    RTTestISubF("tst #%u (digits: %u; sep: %c)", cTest, cchDigits, chSep ? chSep : ' ');

    /* We try to create max possible + one. */
    size_t cTimes = 1;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < cchDigits; ++i)
        cTimes *= 10;

    /* Allocate the result array. */
    char **papszNames = (char **)RTMemTmpAllocZ(cTimes * sizeof(char *));
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(papszNames != NULL);

    int rc = VERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    /* The test loop. */
    size_t i;
    for (i = 0; i < cTimes; i++)
    {
        char szName[RTPATH_MAX];
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTPathAppend(strcpy(szName, g_szTempPath), sizeof(szName), "RTDirCreateUniqueNumbered"), VINF_SUCCESS);
        if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
            break;

        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTDirCreateUniqueNumbered(szName, sizeof(szName), 0700, cchDigits, chSep), VINF_SUCCESS);
        if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        {
            RTTestIFailed("RTDirCreateUniqueNumbered(%s) call #%u -> %Rrc\n", szName, i, rc);
            break;
        }

        RTTESTI_CHECK(papszNames[i] = RTStrDup(szName));
        if (!papszNames[i])
            break;

        RTTestIPrintf(RTTESTLVL_DEBUG, "%s\n", papszNames[i]);
    }

    /* Try to create one more, which shouldn't be possible. */
    if (RT_SUCCESS(rc))
    {
        char szName[RTPATH_MAX];
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTPathAppend(strcpy(szName, g_szTempPath), sizeof(szName), "RTDirCreateUniqueNumbered"), VINF_SUCCESS);
        if (RT_SUCCESS(rc))
            RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTDirCreateUniqueNumbered(szName, sizeof(szName), 0700, cchDigits, chSep), VERR_ALREADY_EXISTS);
    }

    /* cleanup */
    while (i-- > 0)
    {
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTDirRemove(papszNames[i]), VINF_SUCCESS);
        RTStrFree(papszNames[i]);
    }
    RTMemTmpFree(papszNames);
}

static void tstRTCreateProcEx2(const char *pszAsUser, const char *pszPassword)
{
    RTTestISub("Standard Err");

    RTPIPE hPipeR, hPipeW;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, &hPipeW, RTPIPE_C_INHERIT_WRITE), VINF_SUCCESS);
    const char * apszArgs[3] =
    {
        "non-existing-non-executable-file",
        "--testcase-child-2",
        NULL
    };
    RTHANDLE Handle;
    Handle.enmType = RTHANDLETYPE_PIPE;
    Handle.u.hPipe = hPipeW;
    RTPROCESS hProc;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTProcCreateEx(g_szExecName, apszArgs, RTENV_DEFAULT, 0 /*fFlags*/, NULL,
                                         NULL, &Handle, pszAsUser, pszPassword, &hProc), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeClose(hPipeW), VINF_SUCCESS);

    char    szOutput[_4K];
    size_t  offOutput = 0;
    for (;;)
    {
        size_t cbLeft = sizeof(szOutput) - 1 - offOutput;
        RTTESTI_CHECK(cbLeft > 0);
        if (cbLeft == 0)
            break;

        size_t cbRead;
        int rc = RTPipeReadBlocking(hPipeR, &szOutput[offOutput], cbLeft, &cbRead);
        if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        {
            RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc, VERR_BROKEN_PIPE);
            break;
        }
        offOutput += cbRead;
    }
    szOutput[offOutput] = '\0';
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeClose(hPipeR), VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTPROCSTATUS ProcStatus = { -1, RTPROCEXITREASON_ABEND };
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcWait(hProc, RTPROCWAIT_FLAGS_BLOCK, &ProcStatus), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTThreadSleep(10);

    if (ProcStatus.enmReason != RTPROCEXITREASON_NORMAL || ProcStatus.iStatus != 0)
        RTTestIFailed("enmReason=%d iStatus=%d", ProcStatus.enmReason, ProcStatus.iStatus);
    else if (   offOutput != sizeof("howdy") - 1
             || strcmp(szOutput, "howdy"))
        RTTestIFailed("wrong output: \"%s\" (len=%u)", szOutput, offOutput);
    else
        RTTestIPassed(NULL);
}

static void doGeneralTests(PCFGMNODE pRoot)
{
    /* test multilevel node creation */
    PCFGMNODE pChild = NULL;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(CFGMR3InsertNode(pRoot, "First/Second/Third//Final", &pChild), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(RT_VALID_PTR(pChild));
    RTTESTI_CHECK(CFGMR3GetChild(pRoot, "First/Second/Third/Final") == pChild);

    /*
     * Boolean queries.
     */
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3InsertInteger(pChild, "BoolValue", 1), VINF_SUCCESS);
    bool f = false;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBool(pChild, "BoolValue", &f), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(f == true);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBool(pRoot, "BoolValue", &f), VERR_CFGM_VALUE_NOT_FOUND);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBool(NULL, "BoolValue", &f), VERR_CFGM_NO_PARENT);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBoolDef(pChild, "ValueNotFound", &f, true), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(f == true);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBoolDef(pChild, "ValueNotFound", &f, false), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(f == false);

    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBoolDef(NULL, "BoolValue", &f, true), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(f == true);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(CFGMR3QueryBoolDef(NULL, "BoolValue", &f, false), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK(f == false);

}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    /*
     * Initialize IPRT and create the test.
     */
    RTTEST hTest;
    int rc = RTTestInitAndCreate("tstRTDvm", &hTest);
    if (rc)
        return rc;
    RTTestBanner(hTest);

    /*
     * If no args, display usage.
     */
    if (argc < 2)
    {
        RTTestPrintf(hTest, RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "Syntax: %s <image>\n", argv[0]);
        return RTTestSkipAndDestroy(hTest, "Missing required arguments\n");
    }

    /* Open image. */
    RTFILE hFile;
    uint64_t cb = 0;
    rc = RTFileOpen(&hFile, argv[1], RTFILE_O_OPEN | RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE | RTFILE_O_READWRITE);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
    {
        RTTestIFailed("RTFileOpen -> %Rrc", rc);
        return RTTestSummaryAndDestroy(hTest);
    }

    rc = RTFileGetSize(hFile, &cb);
    if (   RT_FAILURE(rc)
        || cb % 512 != 0) /* Assume 512 byte sector size. */
    {
        RTTestIFailed("RTFileGetSize -> %Rrc", rc);
        return RTTestSummaryAndDestroy(hTest);
    }

    TSTRTDVMDISK Disk;

    Disk.fUseImage = true;
    Disk.hImage    = hFile;
    rc = tstRTDvmVolume(hTest, &Disk, cb, 0);

    RTTESTI_CHECK(rc == VINF_SUCCESS);

    /*
     * Summary
     */
    return RTTestSummaryAndDestroy(hTest);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    /*
     * Initialize IPRT and create the test.
     */
    RTTEST hTest;
    int rc = RTTestInitAndCreate("tstRTFilesystem", &hTest);
    if (rc)
        return rc;
    RTTestBanner(hTest);

    /*
     * If no args, display usage.
     */
    if (argc < 2)
    {
        RTTestPrintf(hTest, RTTESTLVL_ALWAYS, "Syntax: %s <image>\n", argv[0]);
        return RTTestSkipAndDestroy(hTest, "Missing required arguments\n");
    }

    /* Open image. */
    RTFILE hFile;
    RTVFSFILE hVfsFile;
    rc = RTFileOpen(&hFile, argv[1], RTFILE_O_OPEN | RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE | RTFILE_O_READ);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
    {
        RTTestIFailed("RTFileOpen -> %Rrc", rc);
        return RTTestSummaryAndDestroy(hTest);
    }

    rc = RTVfsFileFromRTFile(hFile, 0, false, &hVfsFile);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
    {
        RTTestIFailed("RTVfsFileFromRTFile -> %Rrc", rc);
        return RTTestSummaryAndDestroy(hTest);
    }

    rc = tstRTFilesystem(hTest, hVfsFile);

    RTTESTI_CHECK(rc == VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTVfsFileRelease(hVfsFile);

    /*
     * Summary
     */
    return RTTestSummaryAndDestroy(hTest);
}

static void tstRTPipe4(void)
{
    RTTestISub("Inherit non-standard pipe handle, write end");

    char    szPathSelf[RTPATH_MAX];
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(RTProcGetExecutablePath(szPathSelf, sizeof(szPathSelf)) == szPathSelf);

    RTPIPE  hPipeR;
    RTPIPE  hPipeW;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeCreate(&hPipeR, &hPipeW, RTPIPE_C_INHERIT_WRITE), VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTHCINTPTR hNative = RTPipeToNative(hPipeW);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(hNative != -1);

    char szNative[64];
    RTStrPrintf(szNative, sizeof(szNative), "%RHi", hNative);
    const char *papszArgs[4] = { szPathSelf, "--child-4", szNative, NULL };

    RTPROCESS hChild;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTProcCreate(szPathSelf, papszArgs, RTENV_DEFAULT, 0 /*fFlags*/, &hChild), VINF_SUCCESS);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC_RETV(RTPipeClose(hPipeW), VINF_SUCCESS);

    char    szTmp[1024];
    size_t  cbRead = 0;
    int     rc;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTPipeReadBlocking(hPipeR, szTmp, sizeof(szTmp) - 1, &cbRead), VINF_SUCCESS);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        cbRead = 0;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RETV(cbRead < sizeof(szTmp));
    szTmp[cbRead] = '\0';

    size_t cbRead2;
    char szTmp2[4];
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTPipeReadBlocking(hPipeR, szTmp2, sizeof(szTmp2), &cbRead2), VERR_BROKEN_PIPE);
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTPipeClose(hPipeR), VINF_SUCCESS);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(RTProcTerminate(hChild), VINF_SUCCESS);

    RTPROCSTATUS ProcStatus;
    RTTESTI_CHECK_RC(rc = RTProcWait(hChild, RTPROCWAIT_FLAGS_BLOCK, &ProcStatus), VINF_SUCCESS);
    if (RT_FAILURE(rc))
        return;
    RTTESTI_CHECK(   ProcStatus.enmReason == RTPROCEXITREASON_NORMAL
                  && ProcStatus.iStatus   == 0);
    if (memcmp(szTmp, g_szTest4Message, sizeof(g_szTest4Message)))
        RTTestIFailed("Message mismatch.\n:Expected '%s'\nGot     '%s'\n", g_szTest4Message, szTmp);
}