static PyObject *
longrangeiter_next(longrangeiterobject *r)
{
    PyObject *one, *product, *new_index, *result;
    if (PyObject_RichCompareBool(r->index, r->len, Py_LT) != 1)
        return NULL;

    one = PyLong_FromLong(1);
    if (!one)
        return NULL;

    new_index = PyNumber_Add(r->index, one);
    Py_DECREF(one);
    if (!new_index)
        return NULL;

    product = PyNumber_Multiply(r->index, r->step);
    if (!product) {
        Py_DECREF(new_index);
        return NULL;
    }

    result = PyNumber_Add(r->start, product);
    Py_DECREF(product);
    if (result) {
        Py_XSETREF(r->index, new_index);
    }
    else {
        Py_DECREF(new_index);
    }

    return result;
}

//! Addition
RCP<const Number> PyNumber::add(const Number &other) const {
    PyObject *other_p, *result;
    if (is_a<PyNumber>(other)) {
        other_p = static_cast<const PyNumber &>(other).pyobject_;
        result = PyNumber_Add(pyobject_, other_p);
    } else {
        other_p = pymodule_->to_py_(other.rcp_from_this_cast<const Basic>());
        result = PyNumber_Add(pyobject_, other_p);
        Py_XDECREF(other_p);
    }
    return make_rcp<PyNumber>(result, pymodule_);
}

static PyObject *Proxy_add(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2)
{
    Proxy__WRAPPED_REPLACE_OR_RETURN_NULL(o1);
    Proxy__WRAPPED_REPLACE_OR_RETURN_NULL(o2);

    return PyNumber_Add(o1, o2);
}

static PyObject *
longrangeiter_reduce(longrangeiterobject *r)
{
    PyObject *product, *stop=NULL;
    PyObject *range;

    /* create a range object for pickling.  Must calculate the "stop" value */
    product = PyNumber_Multiply(r->len, r->step);
    if (product == NULL)
        return NULL;
    stop = PyNumber_Add(r->start, product);
    Py_DECREF(product);
    if (stop ==  NULL)
        return NULL;
    Py_INCREF(r->start);
    Py_INCREF(r->step);
    range =  (PyObject*)make_range_object(&PyRange_Type,
                               r->start, stop, r->step);
    if (range == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(r->start);
        Py_DECREF(stop);
        Py_DECREF(r->step);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* return the result */
    return Py_BuildValue("N(N)O", _PyObject_GetBuiltin("iter"), range, r->index);
}

static PyObject *
compute_range_item(rangeobject *r, PyObject *arg)
{
    int cmp_result;
    PyObject *i, *result;

    PyObject *zero = PyLong_FromLong(0);
    if (zero == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* PyLong equivalent to:
     *   if (arg < 0) {
     *     i = r->length + arg
     *   } else {
     *     i = arg
     *   }
     */
    cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(arg, zero, Py_LT);
    if (cmp_result == -1) {
        Py_DECREF(zero);
        return NULL;
    }
    if (cmp_result == 1) {
      i = PyNumber_Add(r->length, arg);
      if (!i) {
        Py_DECREF(zero);
        return NULL;
      }
    } else {
      i = arg;
      Py_INCREF(i);
    }

    /* PyLong equivalent to:
     *   if (i < 0 || i >= r->length) {
     *     <report index out of bounds>
     *   }
     */
    cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(i, zero, Py_LT);
    Py_DECREF(zero);
    if (cmp_result == 0) {
        cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(i, r->length, Py_GE);
    }
    if (cmp_result == -1) {
       Py_DECREF(i);
       return NULL;
    }
    if (cmp_result == 1) {
        Py_DECREF(i);
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError,
                        "range object index out of range");
        return NULL;
    }

    result = compute_item(r, i);
    Py_DECREF(i);
    return result;
}

static PyObject*
second_func(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *a, *b;
	
	if (!PyArg_UnpackTuple(args, "func", 2, 2, &a, &b)) {
		return NULL;
	}

	return PyNumber_Add(a, b);
}

static PyObject *
compute_item(rangeobject *r, PyObject *i)
{
    PyObject *incr, *result;
    /* PyLong equivalent to:
     *    return r->start + (i * r->step)
     */
    incr = PyNumber_Multiply(i, r->step);
    if (!incr)
        return NULL;
    result = PyNumber_Add(r->start, incr);
    Py_DECREF(incr);
    return result;
}

entity_init(EntityObject *self, PyObject *documentURI)
{
  PyObject *creationIndex, *unparsed_entities;

  if (documentURI == NULL || !XmlString_NullCheck(documentURI)) {
    PyErr_BadInternalCall();
    Py_DECREF(self);
    return NULL;
  }

  creationIndex = PyNumber_Add(creation_counter, counter_inc);
  if (creationIndex == NULL) {
    Py_DECREF(self);
    return NULL;
  }

  unparsed_entities = PyDict_New();
  if (unparsed_entities == NULL) {
    Py_DECREF(creationIndex);
    Py_DECREF(self);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (documentURI == Py_None) {
    documentURI = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, 0);
    if (documentURI == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(creationIndex);
      Py_DECREF(unparsed_entities);
      Py_DECREF(self);
      return NULL;
    }
  } else {
    Py_INCREF(documentURI);
  }

  self->creationIndex = creationIndex;
  self->unparsed_entities = unparsed_entities;
  Entity_SET_DOCUMENT_URI(self, documentURI);
  Entity_SET_PUBLIC_ID(self, Py_None);
  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  Entity_SET_SYSTEM_ID(self, Py_None);
  Py_INCREF(Py_None);

  /* update creation counter */
  Py_INCREF(creationIndex);
  Py_DECREF(creation_counter);
  creation_counter = creationIndex;

  return self;
}

static PyObject*
fibo_iter(PyObject* self,PyObject *args){

    // the numbers to be added
    PyObject *first_num;
    PyObject *second_num;
    PyObject *tmp_res;

    long int fibo_number,i;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "l", &fibo_number))
             return NULL;

    //printf("\nThe value to compute is %ld",fibo_number);

    if(fibo_number == 0 || fibo_number == 1)
        return Py_BuildValue("l",fibo_number);

    //Dont forget to decref ...
    first_num = Py_BuildValue("l",0);
    second_num = Py_BuildValue("l",1);

    //PyObject_Print(first_num, stdout, 0);
    //printf("\n\n");
    //PyObject_Print(second_num, stdout, 0);
    //printf("\n\n");

    //computes the fibo iteratively
    for (i=1;i<fibo_number;i++){
        //we have a new reference
        tmp_res = PyNumber_Add(first_num,second_num);
        
        Py_INCREF(second_num);
        Py_XDECREF(first_num);
        first_num = second_num;
        

        Py_INCREF(tmp_res);
        Py_XDECREF(second_num);
        second_num = tmp_res;

        //give back the reference
        Py_XDECREF(tmp_res);
    }
    Py_XDECREF(first_num);
    return second_num;
}

/* Implementation of rowe_1 */

static PyObject *__pyx_f_6rowe_1_function(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds); /*proto*/
static PyObject *__pyx_f_6rowe_1_function(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds) {
  PyObject *__pyx_v_data = 0;
  PyObject *__pyx_v_a;
  PyObject *__pyx_r;
  PyObject *__pyx_1 = 0;
  PyObject *__pyx_2 = 0;
  int __pyx_3;
  Py_ssize_t __pyx_4;
  Py_ssize_t __pyx_5;
  static char *__pyx_argnames[] = {"data",0};
  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(__pyx_args, __pyx_kwds, "O", __pyx_argnames, &__pyx_v_data)) return 0;
  Py_INCREF(__pyx_v_data);
  __pyx_v_a = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);

  /* "/Local/Projects/D/Pyrex/Source/Tests/Bugs/other/rowe_1.pyx":7 */
  __pyx_1 = PyInt_FromLong(4); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 7; goto __pyx_L1;}
  __pyx_2 = PyNumber_Multiply(__pyx_1, __pyx_v_a); if (!__pyx_2) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 7; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_1); __pyx_1 = 0;
  __pyx_3 = PyInt_AsLong(__pyx_2); if (PyErr_Occurred()) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 7; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_2); __pyx_2 = 0;
  blarg(__pyx_3);

  /* "/Local/Projects/D/Pyrex/Source/Tests/Bugs/other/rowe_1.pyx":8 */
  __pyx_4 = PyInt_AsSsize_t(__pyx_v_a); if (PyErr_Occurred()) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 8; goto __pyx_L1;}
  __pyx_1 = __Pyx_GetName(__pyx_b, __pyx_n_b); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 8; goto __pyx_L1;}
  __pyx_2 = PyNumber_Add(__pyx_v_a, __pyx_1); if (!__pyx_2) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 8; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_1); __pyx_1 = 0;
  __pyx_5 = PyInt_AsSsize_t(__pyx_2); if (PyErr_Occurred()) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 8; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_2); __pyx_2 = 0;
  __pyx_1 = PySequence_GetSlice(__pyx_v_data, __pyx_4, __pyx_5); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 8; goto __pyx_L1;}
  __pyx_r = __pyx_1;
  __pyx_1 = 0;
  goto __pyx_L0;

  __pyx_r = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  goto __pyx_L0;
  __pyx_L1:;
  Py_XDECREF(__pyx_1);
  Py_XDECREF(__pyx_2);
  __Pyx_AddTraceback("rowe_1.function");
  __pyx_r = 0;
  __pyx_L0:;
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_a);
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_data);
  return __pyx_r;
}

/* Implementation of concatcstrings */

static struct PyMethodDef __pyx_methods[] = {
  {0, 0, 0, 0}
};

static void __pyx_init_filenames(void); /*proto*/

PyMODINIT_FUNC initconcatcstrings(void); /*proto*/
PyMODINIT_FUNC initconcatcstrings(void) {
  PyObject *__pyx_1 = 0;
  __pyx_init_filenames();
  __pyx_m = Py_InitModule4("concatcstrings", __pyx_methods, 0, 0, PYTHON_API_VERSION);
  if (!__pyx_m) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; goto __pyx_L1;};
  Py_INCREF(__pyx_m);
  __pyx_b = PyImport_AddModule("__builtin__");
  if (!__pyx_b) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; goto __pyx_L1;};
  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "__builtins__", __pyx_b) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; goto __pyx_L1;};
  if (__Pyx_InitStrings(__pyx_string_tab) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; goto __pyx_L1;};
  __pyx_1 = PyNumber_Add(__pyx_k1p, __pyx_k2p); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; goto __pyx_L1;}
  if (PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_m, __pyx_n_spam, __pyx_1) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_1); __pyx_1 = 0;
  return;
  __pyx_L1:;
  Py_XDECREF(__pyx_1);
  __Pyx_AddTraceback("concatcstrings");
}

void test_PythonAPI()
{
  double a_ = 3.4;
  PyObject* a = PyFloat_FromDouble(a_);
  PyObject* b = PyFloat_FromDouble(7);
  PyObject* c = PyNumber_Add(a, b); 
  PyObject* list = PyList_New(0);
  PyList_Append(list, a);
  PyList_Append(list, c);
  PyList_Append(list, b);
  PyObject* tp = PyList_AsTuple(list);
  int tp_len = PySequence_Length(tp);
  for (int i=0; i<tp_len; i++) {
    PyObject* qp = PySequence_GetItem(tp, i);
    double q = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(qp);
    std::cout << "tp[" << i << "]=" << q << " ";
  }
  std::cout << std::endl;
}

static PyObject *
enum_next_long(enumobject *en, PyObject* next_item)
{
	static PyObject *one = NULL;
	PyObject *result = en->en_result;
	PyObject *next_index;
	PyObject *stepped_up;

	if (en->en_longindex == NULL) {
		en->en_longindex = PyInt_FromSsize_t(PY_SSIZE_T_MAX);
		if (en->en_longindex == NULL)
			return NULL;
	}
	if (one == NULL) {
		one = PyInt_FromLong(1);
		if (one == NULL)
			return NULL;
	}
	next_index = en->en_longindex;
	assert(next_index != NULL);
	stepped_up = PyNumber_Add(next_index, one);
	if (stepped_up == NULL)
		return NULL;
	en->en_longindex = stepped_up;

	if (result->ob_refcnt == 1) {
		Py_INCREF(result);
		Py_DECREF(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(result, 0));
		Py_DECREF(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(result, 1));
	} else {
		result = PyTuple_New(2);
		if (result == NULL) {
			Py_DECREF(next_index);
			Py_DECREF(next_item);
			return NULL;
		}
	}
	PyTuple_SET_ITEM(result, 0, next_index);
	PyTuple_SET_ITEM(result, 1, next_item);
	return result;
}

static PyObject* build_128bit_long(guint64 values[2])
{
	PyObject *res, *x, *y;

	res = PyL_ULL(values[0]);	/* res = values[0]	*/

	x = PyI_L(64);			/* x = 64		*/

	y = PyNumber_Lshift(res, x);	/* y = res << x		*/

	Py_DECREF(x);
	Py_DECREF(res);			/* res = y		*/
	res = y;

	x = PyL_ULL(values[1]);		/* x = values[1]	*/

	y = PyNumber_Add(res, x);	/* y = res + x		*/

	Py_DECREF(x);			/* res = y		*/
	Py_DECREF(res);
	res = y;

	return res;
}

/* Replace LOAD_CONST c1. LOAD_CONST c2 BINOP
   with    LOAD_CONST binop(c1,c2)
   The consts table must still be in list form so that the
   new constant can be appended.
   Called with codestr pointing to the BINOP.
   Abandons the transformation if the folding fails (i.e.  1+'a').
   If the new constant is a sequence, only folds when the size
   is below a threshold value.  That keeps pyc files from
   becoming large in the presence of code like:  (None,)*1000.
*/
static int
fold_binops_on_constants(unsigned char *codestr, PyObject *consts, PyObject **objs)
{
    PyObject *newconst, *v, *w;
    Py_ssize_t len_consts, size;
    int opcode;

    /* Pre-conditions */
    assert(PyList_CheckExact(consts));

    /* Create new constant */
    v = objs[0];
    w = objs[1];
    opcode = codestr[0];
    switch (opcode) {
        case BINARY_POWER:
            newconst = PyNumber_Power(v, w, Py_None);
            break;
        case BINARY_MULTIPLY:
            newconst = PyNumber_Multiply(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE:
            newconst = PyNumber_TrueDivide(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_FLOOR_DIVIDE:
            newconst = PyNumber_FloorDivide(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_MODULO:
            newconst = PyNumber_Remainder(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_ADD:
            newconst = PyNumber_Add(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_SUBTRACT:
            newconst = PyNumber_Subtract(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_SUBSCR:
            newconst = PyObject_GetItem(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_LSHIFT:
            newconst = PyNumber_Lshift(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_RSHIFT:
            newconst = PyNumber_Rshift(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_AND:
            newconst = PyNumber_And(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_XOR:
            newconst = PyNumber_Xor(v, w);
            break;
        case BINARY_OR:
            newconst = PyNumber_Or(v, w);
            break;
        default:
            /* Called with an unknown opcode */
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
                 "unexpected binary operation %d on a constant",
                     opcode);
            return 0;
    }
    if (newconst == NULL) {
        if(!PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt))
            PyErr_Clear();
        return 0;
    }
    size = PyObject_Size(newconst);
    if (size == -1) {
        if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt))
            return 0;
        PyErr_Clear();
    } else if (size > 20) {
        Py_DECREF(newconst);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Append folded constant into consts table */
    len_consts = PyList_GET_SIZE(consts);
    if (PyList_Append(consts, newconst)) {
        Py_DECREF(newconst);
        return 0;
    }
    Py_DECREF(newconst);

    /* Write NOP NOP NOP NOP LOAD_CONST newconst */
    codestr[-2] = LOAD_CONST;
    SETARG(codestr, -2, len_consts);
    return 1;
}

/* Replace LOAD_CONST c1. LOAD_CONST c2 BINOP
   with	   LOAD_CONST binop(c1,c2)
   The consts table must still be in list form so that the
   new constant can be appended.
   Called with codestr pointing to the first LOAD_CONST. 
   Abandons the transformation if the folding fails (i.e.  1+'a').  
   If the new constant is a sequence, only folds when the size
   is below a threshold value.	That keeps pyc files from
   becoming large in the presence of code like:	 (None,)*1000.
*/
static int
fold_binops_on_constants(unsigned char *codestr, PyObject *consts)
{
	PyObject *newconst, *v, *w;
	Py_ssize_t len_consts, size;
	int opcode;

	/* Pre-conditions */
	assert(PyList_CheckExact(consts));
	assert(codestr[0] == LOAD_CONST);
	assert(codestr[3] == LOAD_CONST);

	/* Create new constant */
	v = PyList_GET_ITEM(consts, GETARG(codestr, 0));
	w = PyList_GET_ITEM(consts, GETARG(codestr, 3));
	opcode = codestr[6];
	switch (opcode) {
		case BINARY_POWER:
			newconst = PyNumber_Power(v, w, Py_None);
			break;
		case BINARY_MULTIPLY:
			newconst = PyNumber_Multiply(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_DIVIDE:
			/* Cannot fold this operation statically since
                           the result can depend on the run-time presence
                           of the -Qnew flag */
			return 0;
		case BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE:
			newconst = PyNumber_TrueDivide(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_FLOOR_DIVIDE:
			newconst = PyNumber_FloorDivide(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_MODULO:
			newconst = PyNumber_Remainder(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_ADD:
			newconst = PyNumber_Add(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_SUBTRACT:
			newconst = PyNumber_Subtract(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_SUBSCR:
			newconst = PyObject_GetItem(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_LSHIFT:
			newconst = PyNumber_Lshift(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_RSHIFT:
			newconst = PyNumber_Rshift(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_AND:
			newconst = PyNumber_And(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_XOR:
			newconst = PyNumber_Xor(v, w);
			break;
		case BINARY_OR:
			newconst = PyNumber_Or(v, w);
			break;
		default:
			/* Called with an unknown opcode */
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
			     "unexpected binary operation %d on a constant",
				     opcode);
			return 0;
	}
	if (newconst == NULL) {
		PyErr_Clear();
		return 0;
	}
	size = PyObject_Size(newconst);
	if (size == -1)
		PyErr_Clear();
	else if (size > 20) {
		Py_DECREF(newconst);
		return 0;
	}

	/* Append folded constant into consts table */
	len_consts = PyList_GET_SIZE(consts);
	if (PyList_Append(consts, newconst)) {
		Py_DECREF(newconst);
		return 0;
	}
	Py_DECREF(newconst);

	/* Write NOP NOP NOP NOP LOAD_CONST newconst */
	memset(codestr, NOP, 4);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

int
_PySlice_GetLongIndices(PySliceObject *self, PyObject *length,
                        PyObject **start_ptr, PyObject **stop_ptr,
                        PyObject **step_ptr)
{
    PyObject *start=NULL, *stop=NULL, *step=NULL;
    PyObject *upper=NULL, *lower=NULL;
    int step_is_negative, cmp_result;

    /* Convert step to an integer; raise for zero step. */
    if (self->step == Py_None) {
        step = _PyLong_One;
        Py_INCREF(step);
        step_is_negative = 0;
    }
    else {
        int step_sign;
        step = evaluate_slice_index(self->step);
        if (step == NULL)
            goto error;
        step_sign = _PyLong_Sign(step);
        if (step_sign == 0) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                            "slice step cannot be zero");
            goto error;
        }
        step_is_negative = step_sign < 0;
    }

    /* Find lower and upper bounds for start and stop. */
    if (step_is_negative) {
        lower = PyLong_FromLong(-1L);
        if (lower == NULL)
            goto error;

        upper = PyNumber_Add(length, lower);
        if (upper == NULL)
            goto error;
    }
    else {
        lower = _PyLong_Zero;
        Py_INCREF(lower);
        upper = length;
        Py_INCREF(upper);
    }

    /* Compute start. */
    if (self->start == Py_None) {
        start = step_is_negative ? upper : lower;
        Py_INCREF(start);
    }
    else {
        start = evaluate_slice_index(self->start);
        if (start == NULL)
            goto error;

        if (_PyLong_Sign(start) < 0) {
            /* start += length */
            PyObject *tmp = PyNumber_Add(start, length);
            Py_DECREF(start);
            start = tmp;
            if (start == NULL)
                goto error;

            cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(start, lower, Py_LT);
            if (cmp_result < 0)
                goto error;
            if (cmp_result) {
                Py_INCREF(lower);
                Py_DECREF(start);
                start = lower;
            }
        }
        else {
            cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(start, upper, Py_GT);
            if (cmp_result < 0)
                goto error;
            if (cmp_result) {
                Py_INCREF(upper);
                Py_DECREF(start);
                start = upper;
            }
        }
    }

    /* Compute stop. */
    if (self->stop == Py_None) {
        stop = step_is_negative ? lower : upper;
        Py_INCREF(stop);
    }
    else {
        stop = evaluate_slice_index(self->stop);
        if (stop == NULL)
            goto error;

        if (_PyLong_Sign(stop) < 0) {
            /* stop += length */
            PyObject *tmp = PyNumber_Add(stop, length);
            Py_DECREF(stop);
            stop = tmp;
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/* Return number of items in range (lo, hi, step) as a PyLong object,
 * when arguments are PyLong objects.  Arguments MUST return 1 with
 * PyLong_Check().  Return NULL when there is an error.
 */
static PyObject*
compute_range_length(PyObject *start, PyObject *stop, PyObject *step)
{
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------
    Algorithm is equal to that of get_len_of_range(), but it operates
    on PyObjects (which are assumed to be PyLong objects).
    ---------------------------------------------------------------*/
    int cmp_result;
    PyObject *lo, *hi;
    PyObject *diff = NULL;
    PyObject *one = NULL;
    PyObject *tmp1 = NULL, *tmp2 = NULL, *result;
                /* holds sub-expression evaluations */

    PyObject *zero = PyLong_FromLong(0);
    if (zero == NULL)
        return NULL;
    cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(step, zero, Py_GT);
    Py_DECREF(zero);
    if (cmp_result == -1)
        return NULL;

    if (cmp_result == 1) {
        lo = start;
        hi = stop;
        Py_INCREF(step);
    } else {
        lo = stop;
        hi = start;
        step = PyNumber_Negative(step);
        if (!step)
            return NULL;
    }

    /* if (lo >= hi), return length of 0. */
    cmp_result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(lo, hi, Py_GE);
    if (cmp_result != 0) {
        Py_XDECREF(step);
        if (cmp_result < 0)
            return NULL;
        return PyLong_FromLong(0);
    }

    if ((one = PyLong_FromLong(1L)) == NULL)
        goto Fail;

    if ((tmp1 = PyNumber_Subtract(hi, lo)) == NULL)
        goto Fail;

    if ((diff = PyNumber_Subtract(tmp1, one)) == NULL)
        goto Fail;

    if ((tmp2 = PyNumber_FloorDivide(diff, step)) == NULL)
        goto Fail;

    if ((result = PyNumber_Add(tmp2, one)) == NULL)
        goto Fail;

    Py_DECREF(tmp2);
    Py_DECREF(diff);
    Py_DECREF(step);
    Py_DECREF(tmp1);
    Py_DECREF(one);
    return result;

  Fail:
    Py_XDECREF(tmp2);
    Py_XDECREF(diff);
    Py_XDECREF(step);
    Py_XDECREF(tmp1);
    Py_XDECREF(one);
    return NULL;
}

static PyObject *__pyx_f_7Stemmer_7Stemmer_stemWord(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds) {
  PyObject *__pyx_v_word = 0;
  char *__pyx_v_c_word;
  PyObject *__pyx_v_was_unicode;
  PyObject *__pyx_v_cacheditem;
  PyObject *__pyx_v_result;
  PyObject *__pyx_v_length;
  PyObject *__pyx_r;
  PyObject *__pyx_1 = 0;
  int __pyx_2;
  PyObject *__pyx_3 = 0;
  PyObject *__pyx_4 = 0;
  char *__pyx_5;
  Py_ssize_t __pyx_6;
  PyObject *__pyx_7 = 0;
  PyObject *__pyx_8 = 0;
  static char *__pyx_argnames[] = {"word",0};
  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(__pyx_args, __pyx_kwds, "O", __pyx_argnames, &__pyx_v_word)) return 0;
  Py_INCREF(__pyx_v_self);
  Py_INCREF(__pyx_v_word);
  __pyx_v_was_unicode = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  __pyx_v_cacheditem = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  __pyx_v_result = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  __pyx_v_length = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);

  /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":171 */
  __pyx_1 = PyInt_FromLong(0); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 171; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_was_unicode);
  __pyx_v_was_unicode = __pyx_1;
  __pyx_1 = 0;

  /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":172 */
  __pyx_1 = __Pyx_GetName(__pyx_b, __pyx_n_unicode); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 172; goto __pyx_L1;}
  __pyx_2 = PyObject_IsInstance(__pyx_v_word,__pyx_1); if (__pyx_2 == -1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 172; goto __pyx_L1;}
  Py_DECREF(__pyx_1); __pyx_1 = 0;
  if (__pyx_2) {

    /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":173 */
    __pyx_1 = PyInt_FromLong(1); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 173; goto __pyx_L1;}
    Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_was_unicode);
    __pyx_v_was_unicode = __pyx_1;
    __pyx_1 = 0;

    /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":174 */
    __pyx_1 = PyObject_GetAttr(__pyx_v_word, __pyx_n_encode); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 174; goto __pyx_L1;}
    __pyx_3 = PyTuple_New(1); if (!__pyx_3) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 174; goto __pyx_L1;}
    Py_INCREF(__pyx_k9p);
    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_3, 0, __pyx_k9p);
    __pyx_4 = PyObject_CallObject(__pyx_1, __pyx_3); if (!__pyx_4) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 174; goto __pyx_L1;}
    Py_DECREF(__pyx_1); __pyx_1 = 0;
    Py_DECREF(__pyx_3); __pyx_3 = 0;
    Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_word);
    __pyx_v_word = __pyx_4;
    __pyx_4 = 0;
    goto __pyx_L2;
  }
  __pyx_L2:;

  /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":176 */
  __pyx_2 = (((struct __pyx_obj_7Stemmer_Stemmer *)__pyx_v_self)->max_cache_size > 0);
  if (__pyx_2) {
    /*try:*/ {

      /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":178 */
      __pyx_1 = PyObject_GetItem(((struct __pyx_obj_7Stemmer_Stemmer *)__pyx_v_self)->cache, __pyx_v_word); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 178; goto __pyx_L4;}
      Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_cacheditem);
      __pyx_v_cacheditem = __pyx_1;
      __pyx_1 = 0;

      /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":179 */
      __pyx_3 = __Pyx_GetItemInt(__pyx_v_cacheditem, 0); if (!__pyx_3) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 179; goto __pyx_L4;}
      Py_DECREF(__pyx_v_result);
      __pyx_v_result = __pyx_3;
      __pyx_3 = 0;

      /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":180 */
      if (__Pyx_SetItemInt(__pyx_v_cacheditem, 1, ((struct __pyx_obj_7Stemmer_Stemmer *)__pyx_v_self)->counter) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 180; goto __pyx_L4;}

      /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":181 */
      __pyx_4 = PyInt_FromLong(1); if (!__pyx_4) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 181; goto __pyx_L4;}
      __pyx_1 = PyNumber_Add(((struct __pyx_obj_7Stemmer_Stemmer *)__pyx_v_self)->counter, __pyx_4); if (!__pyx_1) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 181; goto __pyx_L4;}
      Py_DECREF(__pyx_4); __pyx_4 = 0;
      Py_DECREF(((struct __pyx_obj_7Stemmer_Stemmer *)__pyx_v_self)->counter);
      ((struct __pyx_obj_7Stemmer_Stemmer *)__pyx_v_self)->counter = __pyx_1;
      __pyx_1 = 0;
    }
    goto __pyx_L5;
    __pyx_L4:;
    Py_XDECREF(__pyx_3); __pyx_3 = 0;
    Py_XDECREF(__pyx_4); __pyx_4 = 0;
    Py_XDECREF(__pyx_1); __pyx_1 = 0;

    /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":182 */
    __pyx_2 = PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_KeyError);
    if (__pyx_2) {
      __Pyx_AddTraceback("Stemmer.stemWord");
      if (__Pyx_GetException(&__pyx_3, &__pyx_4, &__pyx_1) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 182; goto __pyx_L1;}

      /* "/home/richard/private/Working/snowball/pystemmer/src/Stemmer.pyx":183 */
      __pyx_5 = PyString_AsString(__pyx_v_word); if (!__pyx_5) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 183; goto __pyx_L1;}
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static PyObject *
range_reverse(PyObject *seq)
{
    rangeobject *range = (rangeobject*) seq;
    longrangeiterobject *it;
    PyObject *one, *sum, *diff, *product;
    long lstart, lstop, lstep, new_start, new_stop;
    unsigned long ulen;

    assert(PyRange_Check(seq));

    /* reversed(range(start, stop, step)) can be expressed as
       range(start+(n-1)*step, start-step, -step), where n is the number of
       integers in the range.

       If each of start, stop, step, -step, start-step, and the length
       of the iterator is representable as a C long, use the int
       version.  This excludes some cases where the reversed range is
       representable as a range_iterator, but it's good enough for
       common cases and it makes the checks simple. */

    lstart = PyLong_AsLong(range->start);
    if (lstart == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
        PyErr_Clear();
        goto long_range;
    }
    lstop = PyLong_AsLong(range->stop);
    if (lstop == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
        PyErr_Clear();
        goto long_range;
    }
    lstep = PyLong_AsLong(range->step);
    if (lstep == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
        PyErr_Clear();
        goto long_range;
    }
    /* check for possible overflow of -lstep */
    if (lstep == LONG_MIN)
        goto long_range;

    /* check for overflow of lstart - lstep:

       for lstep > 0, need only check whether lstart - lstep < LONG_MIN.
       for lstep < 0, need only check whether lstart - lstep > LONG_MAX

       Rearrange these inequalities as:

           lstart - LONG_MIN < lstep  (lstep > 0)
           LONG_MAX - lstart < -lstep  (lstep < 0)

       and compute both sides as unsigned longs, to avoid the
       possibility of undefined behaviour due to signed overflow. */

    if (lstep > 0) {
         if ((unsigned long)lstart - LONG_MIN < (unsigned long)lstep)
            goto long_range;
    }
    else {
        if (LONG_MAX - (unsigned long)lstart < 0UL - lstep)
            goto long_range;
    }

    ulen = get_len_of_range(lstart, lstop, lstep);
    if (ulen > (unsigned long)LONG_MAX)
        goto long_range;

    new_stop = lstart - lstep;
    new_start = (long)(new_stop + ulen * lstep);
    return fast_range_iter(new_start, new_stop, -lstep);

long_range:
    it = PyObject_New(longrangeiterobject, &PyLongRangeIter_Type);
    if (it == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* start + (len - 1) * step */
    it->len = range->length;
    Py_INCREF(it->len);

    one = PyLong_FromLong(1);
    if (!one)
        goto create_failure;

    diff = PyNumber_Subtract(it->len, one);
    Py_DECREF(one);
    if (!diff)
        goto create_failure;

    product = PyNumber_Multiply(diff, range->step);
    Py_DECREF(diff);
    if (!product)
        goto create_failure;

    sum = PyNumber_Add(range->start, product);
    Py_DECREF(product);
    it->start = sum;
    if (!it->start)
        goto create_failure;

    it->step = PyNumber_Negative(range->step);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........