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1、mysql安装1 #安装编译环境 2 yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ gcc-devel g++ g++-devel; 3 yum install -y wget 4 yum install -y tar 5 6 #创建mysql用户组及用户 7 groupadd -f mysql 8 useradd -g mysql mysql 9 10 11 #编译mysql 12 #安装依赖 13 yum install -y ncurses ncurses-devel 14 yum install -y cmake 15 16 #解压mysql包 17 tar -xf mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz 18 cd mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz 19 20 #创建mysql的data数据目录 21 mkdir -p /data/mysql/data 22 chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql 23 24 #编译,主要注意几个目录以及端口 25 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysql -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/data/mysql/boost 26 27 #安装 28 make -j 4 && make install 29 30 31 #配置数据库 32 cd /data/mysql 33 34 #初始化数据库 35 ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir="/data/mysql" --datadir="/data/mysql/data" 36 37 chown -R mysql:mysql 、/data/mysql/data/ 38 39 #复制服务到init.d目录 40 cp /data/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 41 42 #将mysql服务加入chkconfig管理列表 ,然后就可以用service进行操作,如果要开机自启再执行 chkconfig mysql on 43 44 chkconfig /etc/init.d/mysql 45 46 #软链接(快捷方式),方便直接使用mysql客户端和备份命令 47 ln -s /data/mysql/bin/mysql /bin/mysql 48 ln -s /data/mysql/bin/mysqldump /bin/mysqldump 49 50 #最后检查mysql目录下 my.cnf 配置文件,无误后启动mysql服务 51 service mysql start 52 53 #关闭命令 54 service mysql stop 55 #重启命令 56 service mysql restart 57 58 #客户端第一次登陆数据库,没有密码的 59 mysql -uroot -p mysql配置参考,有些参数视具体而定 # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. [client] port=3306 socket =/tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required. basedir =/data/mysql datadir =/data/mysql/data port =3306 socket =/tmp/mysql.sock key_buffer_size = 128M open_files_limit = 10240 sort_buffer_size = 8M join_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 16M read_rnd_buffer_size=16M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_size = 32M query_cache_limit = 16M #允许临时存放在查询缓存区里的查询结果的最大长度(默认设置是1M) max_connections=4000 max_allowed_packet = 1G default_storage_engine = InnoDB #默认引擎innodb bulk_insert_buffer_size = 200M #thread_stack = 512K #线程使用的堆大小. 此容量的内存在每次连接时被预留 thread_concurrency=16 #CPU的2倍,用于多核CPU上 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=32M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2 # 1:(默认值) 每一次事务提交或事务外的指令都需要把日志写入硬盘 2:把日志写入系统缓存 0:延迟写入 #innodb_flush_method=3 # 1) Default – 使用fsync。 2) O_SYNC 以sync模式打开文件,通常比较慢。 3) O_DIRECT,在Linux上使用Direct IO。 innodb_thread_concurrency=16 innodb_file_io_threads=8 innodb_file_per_table = 1 # innodb_strict_mode=1 #建议加上 innodb_io_capacity = 500 relay_log_recovery=1 tmp_table_size=268435456 max_heap_table_size=268435456 slow_query_log=ON long_query_time=60 #添加慢查询 slow_query_log_file=slowquery.log log_bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed expire_logs_days=5 max_binlog_size=512M #日志文件太大读写效率降低 #从配置 slave-skip-errors=1062,1064 relay_log=mysql-relay-bin log_slave_updates=1 replicate-ignore-db=mysql,performance_schema,information_schema # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 1G [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 400M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout
2、php安装,需要自己下载libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 依赖1 #安装依赖 2 yum install -y libxml2-devel 3 yum install -y bzip2-devel 4 yum install -y libcurl-devel 5 yum install -y libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel 6 7 #手动安装libmcrypt依赖 8 tar -xf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 9 cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 10 11 #配置 自定义安装目录 12 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt 13 #开始安装 14 make -j 4 && make install 15 cd ../ 16 17 #安装php 18 tar -xf php-5.6.29.tar.gz 19 cd php-5.6.29 20 21 #配置信息 22 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt --with-zlib --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-mysql-sock --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib64 --with-freetype-dir=/usr/lib64 --with-png-dir=/usr/lib64 --enable-pdo --with-pdo-mysql --with-gettext --with-curl --enable-sockets --enable-bcmath --enable-xml --with-bz2 --enable-zip --enable-pcntl --enable-sysvmsg --enable-mysqlnd=mysqlnd --enable-calendar --enable-mbstring --enable-maintainer-zts 23 #开始安装 24 make -j 4 && make install 25 cd ../ 3、安装nginx,需要手动下载pcre-8.39.tar.gz 和zlib-1.2.10.tar.gz1 #我这里是提前把pcre、zlib以及nginx的包下载到了/data/install目录 2 #实际安装中的目录根据具体的而定 3 4 #解压依赖包 5 tar -xf pcre-8.39.tar.gz 6 tar -xf zlib-1.2.10.tar.gz 7 8 tar -xf nginx-1.9.15.tar.gz 9 cd nginx-1.9.15 10 yum install -y openssl openssl-devel 11 12 #配置 13 ./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/data/install/pcre-8.39 --with-zlib=/data/install/zlib-1.2.10 14 15 #开始安装 16 make -j 4 && make install 4、配置nginx(1)创建根目录和日志目录: mkdir /data/wwwroot mkdir -p /data/logs/nginx (2)修改配置文件
user www; worker_processes 8; worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000; error_log /data/logs/nginx/error.log; pid nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 65535; multi_accept on; use epoll; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /data/logs/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 120; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; gzip on; server{ listen 80; server_name localhost; root /data/wwwroot; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~ \.php { root /data/wwwroot; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/php$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; set $path_info ""; set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name; if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") { set $real_script_name $1; set $path_info $2; } fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info; } } include 'conf/*.conf'; } (3)用www用户启动nginx 创建www用户:groupadd www 创建www用户组:useradd -g www www 启动nginx:/usr/local/nginx/nginx 关闭nginx: /usr/local/nginx/nginx -s stop 如果是在虚拟机安装可能还需要关闭防火墙 (外部访问 虚拟机要先关闭防火墙chkconfig iptables off 或者 service iptables stop 或者 iptables -F) 5、php跟nginx关联开启php-fpm配置文件: cd /usr/local/php/etc cp php-fpm.conf.default ./php-fpm.conf 开启php-fpm: /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
6、常见问题:(1)启动mysql服务 ,提示my.cnf被忽略?解决方法:修改my.cnf的权限 chmod 644 /data/mysql1/my.cnf (2)终端mysql进不去?解决办法:mysql1 -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -p 主机加上127.0.0.1 (3)外部连不上虚拟机mysql?解决办法:iptables -F 参考网址:http://blog.csdn.net/ynh_123/article/details/53023621 (4)如何开机mysql服务自动开启?解决办法:上传启动控制脚本到/etc/init.d (一般安装后里面会自动生成,不需上传),将mysql添加到系统服务,然后设置自动开启。 chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/mysql chkconfig mysql on 详细内容可参考网址:http://blog.csdn.net/b_shuang1113/article/details/75635477 (5)如何设置nginx开机自启动?(1) 上传启动控制脚本nginx 到/etc/init.d (2) 设置权限:chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx (3) 添加到系统服务:chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx (4) 设置开机启动:chkconfig ginx on (5) 查看是否设置成功:chkconfig --list | grep nginx (2-5选项为on) 参考网址:http://www.ogeek.net/article/51973.htm (6)如何设置php-fpm开机自启动?(1)上传启动控制脚本php-fpm到/etc/init.d (2)设置权限:chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm (3)添加到系统服务:chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/php-fpm (4)设置开机启动:chkconfig ginx on (5)查看是否设置成功:chkconfig --list | grep php-fpm (2-5选项为on) 参考网址:http://www.ogeek.net/article/68153.htm (7)替换了配置文件mysql也无法启动?解决办法:如果替换了配置文件,启动还是报这个错误:mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/data/bogon.pid). 这时可以去/etc目录下删掉默认的my.cnf ,然后再次启动即可 最后附上完整的一键安装脚本,以及所需安装包,配置文件、启动控制脚本:链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XkxgW9fRINqg_Zi3W27OUg 密码:ddan |
2022-08-16
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