linuxcentosapache+php+mysql安装(用包安装非yum安装)

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原作者: [db:作者] 来自: [db:来源] 收藏邀请

Centos5.4 _x86 _64位操作系统

httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz

mysql-5.5.2-m2.tar.gz

php-5.3.2.tar.gz

如果出现问题并且在过程中没有说明，请看文章尾部的常见问题

如果下面不能成功安装的话可以参考我自己的安装过程（注意 php mysql apache 的版本号）

地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/qingfeng2010/articles/2080333.html

1.lsb_release –a 查看系统环境

[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version:    :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description:    CentOS release 5.4 (Final)
Release:        5.4
Codename:       Final
[root@localhost ~]#

2.查找是否已经安装过环境

[root@localhost www]# rpm -qa|grep httpd
[root@localhost www]# rpm -qa|grep mysqld
[root@localhost www]# rpm -qa|grep php
[root@localhost www]# rpm -qa|grep apache

如果找到 删除  （--nodeps 是强制删除的意思）
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.centos
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps httpd

3.解压缩
[root@localhost www]# tar -zxf httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz 
[root@localhost www]# tar -zxf mysql-5.5.2-m2.tar.gz 
[root@localhost www]# tar -zxf php-5.3.2.tar.gz

4.安装mysql (新建用户组mysql 当然如果有就不用重建 )

4.安装mysql  (新建用户组mysql 当然如果有就不用重建 )
[root@localhost www]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost www]# useradd -g mysql -c "MySQL Server" mysql
第二句的意思是：添加一个用户mysql 到 mysql这个组中， 备注是 MySQL Server

[root@localhost www]# cd /var/www/mysql-5.5.2-m2 （进入mysql的文件夹）
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# chown -R root.root *    （更改当前文件夹拥有者）      

（下面代码要复制全  从 ./configure   到  --without-bench）
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \                        (mysql安装路径)
> --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data \          (mysql数据库存放路径)
> --disable-maintainer-mode \     (服务器用来与本地客户端进行通信的Unix套接字文件)
> --with-mysqld-user=mysql \
> --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock \
> --without-comment \
> --without-debug \
> --without-bench

网上找到的资料如果报错请核对是否是下面的错误并查看其下面的连接

18-Jul-2005: If you are installing MySQL 4.0.x on Fedora Core 4, there is a problem with LinuxThreads that prevents MySQL from compiling properly. Installing on Fedora Core 3 works fine though. Thanks to Kevin Spencer for bringing this to my attention. There is a workaround listed at http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=9497. Thanks to Collin Campbell for that link. Another solution can be found at http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=2173. Thanks to Kaloyan Raev for that one.

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# make;make install (此处需要一段时间，特别到一处要停留一段时间，需要等待一下)

5.配置mysql

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db (初始化mysql)
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# chown root:sys /etc/my.cnf 
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf

If you get an error message about the data directory not existing, etc., something went wrong in the mysql_install_dbstep above. Go back and review that; make sure you didn't get some sort of error message when you ran it, etc.

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# ldconfig
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# /sbin/chkconfig --level 3 mysql on
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.2-m2]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# for file in *; do ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/$file /usr/bin/$file; done

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/
[root@localhost rc3.d]# ll

总计 292
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:12 K01dnsmasq -> ../init.d/dnsmasq
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 12-16 02:16 K02avahi-dnsconfd -> ../init.d/avahi-dnsconfd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 12-16 02:17 K02NetworkManager -> ../init.d/NetworkManager
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:14 K02oddjobd -> ../init.d/oddjobd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:10 K05conman -> ../init.d/conman
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:12 K05saslauthd -> ../init.d/saslauthd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:12 K05wdaemon -> ../init.d/wdaemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:10 K10psacct -> ../init.d/psacct
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:10 K10tcsd -> ../init.d/tcsd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 12-16 02:14 K20nfs -> ../init.d/nfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:14 K24irda -> ../init.d/irda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:17 K35vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:26 K35winbind -> ../init.d/winbind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:19 K36lisa -> ../init.d/lisa
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:12 K50netconsole -> ../init.d/netconsole
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-19 06:18 K50vsftpd -> ../init.d/vsftpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:14 K69rpcsvcgssd -> ../init.d/rpcsvcgssd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:26 K73ypbind -> ../init.d/ypbind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:10 K74nscd -> ../init.d/nscd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-17 00:12 K74ntpd -> ../init.d/ntpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:12 K85mdmpd -> ../init.d/mdmpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:09 K87multipathd -> ../init.d/multipathd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:14 K87named -> ../init.d/named
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 12-16 02:14 K88wpa_supplicant -> ../init.d/wpa_supplicant
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:17 K89dund -> ../init.d/dund
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 12-16 02:09 K89netplugd -> ../init.d/netplugd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:17 K89pand -> ../init.d/pand
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:07 K89rdisc -> ../init.d/rdisc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:14 K91capi -> ../init.d/capi
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 12-16 02:10 K99readahead_later -> ../init.d/readahead_later
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 12-16 02:12 S00microcode_ctl -> ../init.d/microcode_ctl
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 12-16 02:10 S02lvm2-monitor -> ../init.d/lvm2-monitor
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 12-16 02:10 S04readahead_early -> ../init.d/readahead_early
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:17 S05kudzu -> ../init.d/kudzu
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 12-16 02:08 S06cpuspeed -> ../init.d/cpuspeed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:07 S08ip6tables -> ../init.d/ip6tables
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 12-16 02:07 S08iptables -> ../init.d/iptables
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 12-16 02:12 S08mcstrans -> ../init.d/mcstrans
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:14 S09isdn -> ../init.d/isdn
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:12 S10network -> ../init.d/network
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:10 S11auditd -> ../init.d/auditd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 12-16 02:13 S12restorecond -> ../init.d/restorecond
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:12 S12syslog -> ../init.d/syslog
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:12 S13irqbalance -> ../init.d/irqbalance
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:12 S13portmap -> ../init.d/portmap
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:14 S14nfslock -> ../init.d/nfslock
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:12 S15mdmonitor -> ../init.d/mdmonitor
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:14 S18rpcidmapd -> ../init.d/rpcidmapd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:14 S19rpcgssd -> ../init.d/rpcgssd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:16 S22messagebus -> ../init.d/messagebus
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:17 S25bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:12 S25netfs -> ../init.d/netfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:13 S25pcscd -> ../init.d/pcscd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:12 S26acpid -> ../init.d/acpid
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:17 S26haldaemon -> ../init.d/haldaemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:17 S26hidd -> ../init.d/hidd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:07 S26lm_sensors -> ../init.d/lm_sensors
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:10 S28autofs -> ../init.d/autofs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:14 S55sshd -> ../init.d/sshd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 12-16 02:17 S56cups -> ../init.d/cups
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 12-16 02:12 S56rawdevices -> ../init.d/rawdevices
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-19 09:29 S64mysql -> ../init.d/mysql               (注意此处　下面要用到)
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 12-16 02:12 S80sendmail -> ../init.d/sendmail
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 12-16 02:07 S85gpm -> ../init.d/gpm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12-16 02:12 S90crond -> ../init.d/crond
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 12-16 02:16 S90xfs -> ../init.d/xfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 12-16 02:08 S95anacron -> ../init.d/anacron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 12-16 02:12 S95atd -> ../init.d/atd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 12-16 02:17 S97yum-updatesd -> ../init.d/yum-updatesd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 12-16 02:16 S98avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 12-16 02:17 S99firstboot -> ../init.d/firstboot
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 12-16 02:12 S99local -> ../rc.local
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 12-16 02:12 S99smartd -> ../init.d/smartd

进/etc/rc.d/rc3.d/ 查看 mysql 对应的名字每个机器可能都不一样我的是S64mysql

目地是确保symlink被正确的开设

[root@localhost rc3.d]# /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S64mysql start 　　（用到了上面的加蓝的那个名称）
Starting MySQL.[确定]

查看mysql是否安装成功成功会返回mysql 的版本信息

[root@localhost rc3.d]# mysqladmin version
mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.2-m2, for unknown-linux-gnu on x86_64
Copyright 2000-2008 MySQL AB, 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license

Server version          5.5.2-m2-log
Protocol version        10
Connection              Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket             /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:                 4 min 58 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 1  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.3

[root@localhost rc3.d]# mysqladmin -u root password 'rootpassword' (设置mysql 密码,  注：rootpassword 替换成你自己的密码)

测试mysql
[root@localhost rc3.d]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.2-m2-log Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

安装apache

[root@localhost /]# cd /var/www/httpd-2.2.15
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.15]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
> --enable-shared=max \
> --enable-module=rewrite \
> --enable-module=so

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.15]# make;make install

后台会接着配置 apache 的配置文件

安装php

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.15]# cd /var/www/php-5.3.2
[root@localhost php-5.3.2]# ./configure \
> --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
> --disable-debug \
> --enable-ftp \
> --enable-inline-optimization \
> --enable-magic-quotes \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-mm=shared \
> --enable-safe-mode \
> --enable-track-vars \
> --enable-trans-sid \
> --enable-wddx=shared \
> --enable-xml \
> --with-dom \
> --with-gd \
> --with-gettext \
> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
> --with-regex=system \
> --with-xml \
> --with-zlib-dir=/usr/lib

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.15]# make;make install (等)

开始配置环境

Php.ini 用php.ini-development php.ini-production 两个文件中的任意一个 php.ini-dist 也可以但有的包里面没有

 [root@localhost php-5.3.2]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.3.2]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/php.ini /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.3.2]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd.conf
[root@localhost htdocs]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache
[root@localhost rc3.d]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S90apache

现在可以向下面这样启动apache

/etc/rc.d/init.d/apache start

现在配置apache 使php能够执行

[root@localhost rc3.d]# vi /etc/httpd.conf
如果找不下面的 就添加
    AddType application/x-tar .tgz
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .foo     (主要是这句)
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps .phtmls
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .htm .html
<IfModule mod_dir.c>
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.htm index.html
</IfModule>

测试环境

[root@localhost rc3.d]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost htdocs]# vi index.php
写入 
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
保存退出

访问 http://服务器的ip/index.php 看看会不会有错误出现（最好从头看到尾）

错误提示解决办法在下面的常见问题中

Warning: phpinfo() [function.phpinfo]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/no

常见问题

mysqladmin 不能使用

http://www.cnblogs.com/qingfeng2010/archive/2011/01/03/1924787.html

mysql 安全

http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/securing-mysql-step-step

mysql 刷新

flush privileges;

Mysql 启动方式

/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start | stop | restart

Apache 启动方式

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start | stop | restart

最终启动方式

service apache start | stop | restart

service mysql start | stop | restart

MySQL Security Issues

First, we will assume that only applications on the same server will be allowed to access the database (i.e., not a program running on a physically separate server). So we'll tell MySQL not to even listen on port 3306 for TCP connections like it does by default.

Edit /etc/my.cnf and uncomment the

skip-networking

line (delete the leading #).

For more security info, check out this MySQL security tutorial.

Php 出下面错误

Configuring SAPI modules

checking for AOLserver support... no

checking for Apache 1.x module support via DSO through APXS... configure: error: You have enabled Apache 1.3 support while your server is Apache 2. Please use the appropiate switch --with-apxs2

只需把 ./configure 后面的

Ø --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \

换成

Ø --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \

本文中用的是后者如果不行可以以上两种方式都式一下

查看 ./configure 的用法

[root@localhost php-5.3.2]# ./configure –help

Php.ini 用php.ini-development php.ini-production 两个文件中的任意一个

php.ini-dist 也可以但有的包里面没有

输入IP 访问的是 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/ 这个文件夹

你也可以在 httpd.conf 中查找

DocumentRoot 这个后面跟着的路径就是直接输入IP 所访问到的文件夹

访问

http://服务器的ip/index.php

往下看看看会有错误出现

解决办法：

1. 把 index.php 修改成下面的代码

<?php

date_default_timezone_set ('Asia/Shanghai');

phpinfo();

重启 apache

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