type mspan struct {
	next *mspan     // next span in list, or nil if none
	prev *mspan     // previous span in list, or nil if none
	list *mSpanList // For debugging. TODO: Remove.

	startAddr uintptr // address of first byte of span aka s.base()
	npages    uintptr // number of pages in span
.....

type mcache struct {
	// The following members are accessed on every malloc,
	// so they are grouped here for better caching.
	next_sample uintptr // trigger heap sample after allocating this many bytes
	local_scan  uintptr // bytes of scannable heap allocated

	// Allocator cache for tiny objects w/o pointers.
	// See "Tiny allocator" comment in malloc.go.

	// tiny points to the beginning of the current tiny block, or
	// nil if there is no current tiny block.
	//
	// tiny is a heap pointer. Since mcache is in non-GC'd memory,
	// we handle it by clearing it in releaseAll during mark
	// termination.
	tiny             uintptr
	tinyoffset       uintptr
	local_tinyallocs uintptr // number of tiny allocs not counted in other stats

	// The rest is not accessed on every malloc.

	alloc [numSpanClasses]*mspan // spans to allocate from, indexed by spanClass

.....

type mcentral struct {
	lock      mutex
	spanclass spanClass
	nonempty  mSpanList // list of spans with a free object, ie a nonempty free list
	empty     mSpanList // list of spans with no free objects (or cached in an mcache)

	// nmalloc is the cumulative count of objects allocated from
	// this mcentral, assuming all spans in mcaches are
	// fully-allocated. Written atomically, read under STW.
	nmalloc uint64
}

type mheap struct {
	// lock must only be acquired on the system stack, otherwise a g
	// could self-deadlock if its stack grows with the lock held.
	lock      mutex
	free      mTreap // free spans
	sweepgen  uint32 // sweep generation, see comment in mspan
	sweepdone uint32 // all spans are swept
	sweepers  uint32 // number of active sweepone calls

	// allspans is a slice of all mspans ever created. Each mspan
	// appears exactly once.
	//
	// The memory for allspans is manually managed and can be
	// reallocated and move as the heap grows.
	//
	// In general, allspans is protected by mheap_.lock, which
	// prevents concurrent access as well as freeing the backing
	// store. Accesses during STW might not hold the lock, but
	// must ensure that allocation cannot happen around the
	// access (since that may free the backing store).
	allspans []*mspan // all spans out there
...
　　　　

        central [numSpanClasses]struct {
           mcentral mcentral
           pad      [cpu.CacheLinePadSize - unsafe.Sizeof(mcentral{})%cpu.CacheLinePadSize]byte
        }

...

// class  bytes/obj  bytes/span  objects  tail waste  max waste
//     1          8        8192     1024           0     87.50%

func printComment(w io.Writer, classes []class) {
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "// %-5s  %-9s  %-10s  %-7s  %-10s  %-9s\n", "class", "bytes/obj", "bytes/span", "objects", "tail waste", "max waste")
	prevSize := 0
	for i, c := range classes {
		if i == 0 {
			continue
		}
		spanSize := c.npages * pageSize
		objects := spanSize / c.size
		tailWaste := spanSize - c.size*(spanSize/c.size)
		maxWaste := float64((c.size-prevSize-1)*objects+tailWaste) / float64(spanSize)
		prevSize = c.size
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "// %5d  %9d  %10d  %7d  %10d  %8.2f%%\n", i, c.size, spanSize, objects, tailWaste, 100*maxWaste)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "\n")
}

 maxWaste := float64((c.size-prevSize-1)*objects+tailWaste) / float64(spanSize)

numSpanClasses = _NumSizeClasses << 1

// class  bytes/obj  bytes/span  objects  tail waste  max waste
//     1          8        8192     1024           0     87.50%
//     2         16        8192      512           0     43.75%
//     3         32        8192      256           0     46.88%

func makeSpanClass(sizeclass uint8, noscan bool) spanClass {
	return spanClass(sizeclass<<1) | spanClass(bool2int(noscan))
}

span class = 3 << 1 | 1 = 7　

span class = 3 << 1 | 0 = 6