一、使用System.Web.Mvc.Ajax
1.1 System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.BeginForm
1.2 System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.ActionLink
二、手工打造自己的“非介入式”Javascript”
一、使用System.Web.Mvc.Ajax
1.1 System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.BeginForm
第一步:用Ajax.BeginForm创建Form
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@ using (Ajax.BeginForm(
new AjaxOptions()
{
HttpMethod = "post" ,
Url = @Url.Action( "Index" , "Reviews" ),
InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace,
UpdateTargetId = "restaurantList" ,
LoadingElementId = "loding" ,
LoadingElementDuration = 2000
}))
{
<input type= "search" name= "searchItem" />
<input type= "submit" value= "按名称搜索" />
}
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最终生成的form如下:
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<form id= "form0" method= "post"
data-ajax-url= "/Reviews"
data-ajax-update= "#restaurantList"
data-ajax-mode= "replace"
data-ajax-method= "post"
data-ajax-loading-duration= "2000"
data-ajax-loading= "#loding"
data-ajax= "true"
action= "/Reviews" novalidate= "novalidate" >
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第二步:创建Ajax.BeginForm的new AjaxOptions()对象的Url指向的Action
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new AjaxOptions()
{
...
Url = @Url.Action( "Index" , "Reviews" )
...
}
public ActionResult Index( string searchKey = null )
{
var model = _restaurantReviews.Where(r => searchKey == null || r.Name.ToLower().Contains(searchKey.ToLower().Trim()))
.OrderByDescending(r => r.Rating)
.Take(100)
.Select(r=> new RestaurantReview()
{
City = r.City,
Country = r.Country,
Id = r.Id,
Name = r.Name,
Rating = r.Rating
}).ToList();
if (Request.IsAjaxRequest())
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000 * 3);
return PartialView( "_RestaurantPatialView" , model);
}
return View(model);
}
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注意:
关于使用System.Web.Mvc.Ajax的说明:
Controller的Action方法:
(1)当显式添加[HttpPost],传给System.Web.Mvc.Ajax的AjaxOptions()的HttpMethod只能为 "post",
(2)当显式添加[HttpGet],传给System.Web.Mvc.Ajax的AjaxOptions()的HttpMethod只能为 "get",
(3)当都没有显式添加[HttpPost]和[HttpGet],传给System.Web.Mvc.Ajax的AjaxOptions()的HttpMethod可以为 "get"也可以为"post",
第三步:添加要承载更新页面的html元素,
也就是添加添加AjaxOptionsd对象的UpdateTargetId 参数指定的Id为restaurantList的html元素:
这里在页面中添加:id为restaurantList的<div>:
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<div id= "restaurantList" >...
</div>
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第四步:(可选)为增强用户体验,添加AjaxOption对象的LoadingElementId参数指定的Id为loding的html元素:
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new AjaxOptions()
{
....
LoadingElementId = "loding" ,
LoadingElementDuration = 2000
}))
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这里在页面中添加:id为loding的元素,添加了包含一个动态的刷新图片<div>:
cshtml文件中添加:
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<div id= "loding" hidden= "hidden" >
<img class= "smallLoadingImg" src= "@Url.Content(" ~/Content/images/loading.gif ")" />
</div>
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1.2 System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.ActionLink
System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.ActionLink与System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.BeginForm用法基本一致
第一步:使用System.Web.Mvc.Ajax.ActionLink创建超链接
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@*@Html.ActionLink(item.Name, "Details" , "Reviews" , new {id = item.Id}, new {@class = "isStar" })*@
@*<a class= "isStar" href= "@Url.Action(" Details "," Reviews ", new {id = item.Id})" >@item.Name</a>*@
@*使用Ajax的超链接*@
@{
var ajaxOptions = new AjaxOptions()
{
HttpMethod = "post" ,
UpdateTargetId = "renderBody" ,
InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace,
LoadingElementId = "loding" ,
LoadingElementDuration = 2000
};
@Ajax.ActionLink(item.Name, "Details" , "Reviews" , new { id = item.Id }, ajaxOptions, new {@class= "isStar" })
}
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对应生成的最终html为:
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<a class= "isStar"
href= "/Reviews/Details/1"
data-ajax-update= "#renderBody"
data-ajax-mode= "replace"
data-ajax-method= "post"
data-ajax-loading-duration= "2000"
data-ajax-loading= "#loding"
data-ajax= "true" >
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第二步:定义出来响应超链接的Action:
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public ActionResult Details(int id=1)
{
var model = (from r in _restaurantReviews
where r.Id == id
select r).FirstOrDefault();
if (Request.IsAjaxRequest())
{
return PartialView( "_RestaurantDetails" , model);
}
return View(model);
}
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第三步:定义承载更新部分的html元素:
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<div id= "renderBody" >
....
</div>
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第四步:(可选)为增强用户体验,添加AjaxOptionsd对象的LoadingElementId参数指定的Id为loding的html元素:
与1.1第四步相同。
二、手工打造自己的“非介入式”Javascript”
第一步:添加表单:
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@* ---------------------------------------------------------
需要手工为Form添加些属性标签,用于锚点
模仿MVC框架的构建自己的“非介入式Javascript”模式
-------------------------------------------------------*@
<form method= "post"
action= "@Url.Action(" Index ")"
data-otf-ajax= "true"
data-otf-ajax-updatetarget= "#restaurantList" >
<input type= "search" name= "searchItem" />
<input type= "submit" value= "按名称搜索" />
</form>
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生成的form为:
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<form data-otf-ajax-updatetarget= "#restaurantList"
data-otf-ajax= "true"
action= "/Reviews"
method= "post"
novalidate= "novalidate" >
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第二步:添加处理表单的Action:
这里与1.1的第二步一样。
第三步:添加Js处理表单:
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$( function () {
var ajaxFormSubmit = function () {
var $form = $( this );
var ajaxOption = {
type: $form.attr( "method" ),
url: $form.attr( "action" ),
data: $form.serialize()
};
$.ajax(ajaxOption).done( function (data) {
var updateTarget = $form.attr( "data-otf-ajax-updatetarget" );
var $updateTarget = $(updateTarget);
if ($updateTarget.length > 0) {
var $returnHtml = $(data);
$updateTarget.empty().append(data);
$returnHtml.effect( "highlight" );
}
});
return false ;
};
$( "form[data-otf-ajax='true']" ).submit(ajaxFormSubmit);
});
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注意:
所谓的“非介入式Javascript”模式,是指假如没有添加这一步,表单照样能被处理,只是没用到Ajax而已。
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