asp.netcore服务的生命周期

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Transient：每一次GetService都会创建一个新的实例

Scoped：在同一个Scope内只初始化一个实例，可以理解为（每一个request级别只创建一个实例，同一个http request会在一个 scope内）

Singleton：整个应用程序生命周期内只创建一个实例

上面描述的比较抽象，不容易理解，用实例来讲解会比较直观。

下面通过具体的例子进行演示。

定义三个空的接口：IArticleService、IProductService、IUserService

然后定义三个实现：ArticleService、ProductService、UserService

1.将接口和实现注入到DI容器

在StartUp类的ConfigureServices方法添加下图代码

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();
            services.Configure<Test>(Configuration.GetSection("Test"));

            //演示生命周期
            services.AddTransient<IUserService, UserService>();
            services.AddScoped<IArticleService, ArticleService>();
            services.AddSingleton<IProductService, ProductService>();
        }

2.添加私有字段，在测试Controller：LifeTimeController中添加下图代码

        private readonly IUserService _userService1;
        private readonly IUserService _userService2;
        private readonly IArticleService _articleService1;
        private readonly IArticleService _articleService2;
        private readonly IProductService _productService1;
        private readonly IProductService _productService2;

3.添加构造方法

        public LifeTimeController(
            IUserService userService1, IUserService userService2,
            IArticleService articleService1, IArticleService articleService2,
            IProductService productService1, IProductService productService2
        )
        {
            _userService1 = userService1;
            _userService2 = userService2;
            _articleService1 = articleService1;
            _articleService2 = articleService2;
            _productService1 = productService1;
            _productService2 = productService2;
        }

4.添加测试代码

        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append("transient1:" + _userService1.GetHashCode() + "<br />");
            sb.Append("transient2:" + _userService2.GetHashCode() + "<br />");
            sb.Append("scope1:" + _articleService1.GetHashCode() + "<br />");
            sb.Append("scope2:" + _articleService2.GetHashCode() + "<br />");
            sb.Append("singleton1:" + _productService1.GetHashCode() + "<br />");
            sb.Append("singleton2:" + _productService2.GetHashCode() + "<br />");
            
            Response.ContentType = "text/html";
            return Content(sb.ToString());
        }