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把对象赋值给属性 一、依赖属性1.定义依赖属性一般情况下只是使用,但如果要自定义WPF控件或者给现有的WPF控件增加新功能时就需要自定义。 定义时需要用到特殊的语法:
定义一个Margin依赖项属性的例子 public static readonly DependencyProperty MarginProperty;
2.注册依赖属性(1)创建FrameworkPropertyMetadata对象,指明通过依赖项属性使用什么服务(支持数据绑定,动画,日志等) FrameworkPropertyMetadata metadata = new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(new Thickness(), FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsMeasure);
(2)调用DependencyProperty.Register()静态方法注册属性 五个参数
在构造函数中 MarginProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Margin", typeof(Thickness), typeof(FrameworkElement), metadata, new ValidateValueCallback(FrameworkElement.IsMarginValid));
3.封装WPF依赖属性使用DependencyObject类的SetValue()和GetValue()方法 public Thickness Margin { set { SetValue(MarginProperty, value); } get { return (Thickness)GetValue(MarginProperty); } } 设置属性 element.Margin = new Thickness(5);
4.例子一个按钮继承关系 Button--》ButtonBase--》ContentControl--》Control--》FrameworkElement--》UIElement--》Visual--》DependencyObject--》DispatcherObject--》Object 其中
完整代码:自定义FrameworkElement类 class FrameworkElement:UIElement { public static readonly DependencyProperty MarginProperty; static FrameworkElement() { FrameworkPropertyMetadata metadata = new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(new Thickness(), FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsMeasure); MarginProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Margin", typeof(Thickness), typeof(FrameworkElement), metadata, new ValidateValueCallback(FrameworkElement.IsMarginValid)); } private static bool IsMarginValid(object value) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Thickness Margin { set { SetValue(MarginProperty, value); } get { return (Thickness)GetValue(MarginProperty); } } } 去掉ValidateValueCallback参数 使用 FrameworkElement element = new FrameworkElement(); element.Margin = new Thickness(5);
4.依赖属性变更通知有两种方式通知依赖属性变化 --后补 (1)属性值创建绑定 (2)编写能够自动改变其他属性或开始动画的触发器
5.共享依赖属性查看TextBlock源码,没有用DependencyProperty.Register注册,而是使用了TextElement的FontFamilyProperty的依赖属性 FontFamilyProperty = TextElement.FontFamilyProperty.AddOwner(typeof(TextBlock));
6.附加依赖属性附加属性被应用的类不是定义附加属性的那个类, 比如 DockPanel 的DockProperty属性 [CommonDependencyProperty] public static readonly DependencyProperty DockProperty; static DockPanel() { DockProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("Dock", typeof(Dock), typeof(DockPanel), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(Dock.Left, OnDockChanged), IsValidDock); } DockPanel.Dock 属性作用到了Border上 <DockPanel LastChildFill="True"> <Border Height="25" Background="SkyBlue" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" DockPanel.Dock="Top"> <TextBlock Foreground="Black">Dock = "Top"</TextBlock> </Border> <Border Height="25" Background="SkyBlue" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" DockPanel.Dock="Top"> <TextBlock Foreground="Black">Dock = "Top"</TextBlock> </Border> <Border Height="25" Background="LemonChiffon" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" DockPanel.Dock="Bottom"> <TextBlock Foreground="Black">Dock = "Bottom"</TextBlock> </Border> <Border Width="200" Background="PaleGreen" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" DockPanel.Dock="Left"> <TextBlock Foreground="Black">Dock = "Left"</TextBlock> </Border> <Border Background="White" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1"> <TextBlock Foreground="Black">This content will "Fill" the remaining space</TextBlock> </Border> </DockPanel>
附加属性不需要进行属性封装,可以用于任何依赖对象
二、属性验证1.验证回调
2.强制回调
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