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本文以一个用户控件【User Control】实现温度计的小例子，简述用户控件的相关知识，以供学习分享使用，如有不足之处，还请指正。 概述一般而言，用户控件【User Control】，是在Visual Studio提供的默认控件不能满足实际的工作需要，才需要在现有控件的基础之上进行新的扩展，来实现自己的功能。用户控件有自己特有的属性，事件，方法来支撑特定的功能。用户控件封装实现的细节，可以进行方便的复用。 用户控件分类用户控件主要有以下三种分类，本例采用的是第三种。
涉及知识点本例中主要涉及以下知识点：
示例效果图本例中示例效果图如下所示： 关键代码本例中的关键代码如下： 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Drawing; 5 using System.Data; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Text; 8 using System.Threading.Tasks; 9 using System.Windows.Forms; 10 11 namespace DemoThermometer 12 { 13 public partial class Thermometer : UserControl 14 { 15 #region 属性与构造函数 16 17 private int interval = 10; 18 19 /// <summary> 20 /// 刻度间隔 21 /// </summary> 22 public int Interval 23 { 24 get { return interval; } 25 26 set { interval = value; } 27 } 28 29 private int minValue = -50; 30 31 /// <summary> 32 /// 最低温度 33 /// </summary> 34 public int MinValue 35 { 36 get { return minValue; } 37 38 set { minValue = value; } 39 } 40 41 private int maxValue = 50; 42 43 /// <summary> 44 /// 最高温度 45 /// </summary> 46 public int MaxValue 47 { 48 get { return maxValue; } 49 50 set { maxValue = value; } 51 } 52 53 private float curValue = 0; 54 55 /// <summary> 56 /// 当前温度 57 /// </summary> 58 public float CurValue 59 { 60 get { return curValue; } 61 62 set { curValue = value; } 63 } 64 65 private Color thermoColor = Color.Red; 66 67 /// <summary> 68 /// 温度条颜色 69 /// </summary> 70 public Color ThermoColor 71 { 72 get { return thermoColor; } 73 74 set { thermoColor = value; } 75 } 76 77 private Color backGroundColor = Color.SkyBlue; 78 79 /// <summary> 80 /// 温度计背景色 81 /// </summary> 82 public Color BackGroundColor 83 { 84 get { return backGroundColor; } 85 86 set { backGroundColor = value; } 87 } 88 89 private Font thermoFont=new Font("宋体",10,FontStyle.Regular); 90 91 /// <summary> 92 /// 温度计上字体 93 /// </summary> 94 public Font ThermoFont 95 { 96 get { return thermoFont; } 97 98 set { thermoFont = value; } 99 } 100 101 private string thermoTitle = "温度计"; 102 103 /// <summary> 104 /// 标题 105 /// </summary> 106 public string ThermoTitle 107 { 108 get { return this.thermoTitle; } 109 set { this.thermoTitle = value; } 110 } 111 112 private bool showTip = false; 113 114 /// <summary> 115 /// 是否显示提示 116 /// </summary> 117 public bool ShowTip 118 { 119 get { return showTip; } 120 121 set { showTip = value; } 122 } 123 124 private ToolTip tip=new ToolTip(); 125 126 public Thermometer() 127 { 128 InitializeComponent(); 129 } 130 131 #endregion 132 133 protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) 134 { 135 136 //base.OnPaint(e); 137 //this.BackColor = this.backGroundColor; 138 int width = this.Width; 139 int height = this.Height - 50 ; 140 Graphics g = e.Graphics; 141 int c_x = width / 2; 142 int c_y = height / 2; 143 int padding = this.Padding.All;//空白 144 int r = (width - 2 * padding)/2;//半径 145 int d = 2 * r;//直径 146 int dis = 2;//两个半圆之间的间隔 147 int dis2 = 2 * dis;//填充与边框之间的距离 148 int startAngle1 = -180; 149 int startAngle2 = 0; 150 int sweepAngle1 = 180; 151 //首先画顶端一个半圆 152 g.DrawPie(Pens.Black, new Rectangle(padding, padding, d, d),startAngle1, sweepAngle1); 153 g.DrawPie(Pens.Black, new Rectangle(padding+ dis, padding+ dis, d-2* dis, d-2* dis), startAngle1, sweepAngle1); 154 //填充背景色 155 g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(this.backGroundColor), new Rectangle(padding + dis2, padding + dis2, d - 2*dis2, d - 2*dis2), startAngle1, sweepAngle1); 156 //画底端一个半圆 157 g.DrawPie(Pens.Black, new Rectangle(padding, height-d-padding, d, d), startAngle2, sweepAngle1); 158 g.DrawPie(Pens.Black, new Rectangle(padding + dis, height-d-padding + dis, d - 2*dis, d - 2*dis), startAngle2, sweepAngle1); 159 g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(this.backGroundColor), new Rectangle(padding + dis2, height - d - padding+dis2, d - 2*dis2, d - 2*dis2), startAngle2, sweepAngle1); 160 //画一个矩形 161 g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, new Rectangle(padding, padding + r, d, height - d - 2 * padding)); 162 g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, new Rectangle(padding+dis, padding + r+dis, d-2*dis, height - d - 2 * padding-2*dis)); 163 //背景色填充，去掉边界线 164 g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(this.backGroundColor), new Rectangle(padding+3, padding + r-2, 2 * r-6, 6)); 165 g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(this.backGroundColor), new Rectangle(padding + 3, height-r-padding-4, 2 * r - 6, 8)); 166 //背景色填充中间部分 167 g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(this.backGroundColor), new Rectangle(padding + dis2, padding + r + dis2, d - 2*dis2, height -d - 2 * padding - 2*dis2)); 168 //画刻度 169 int s_s_x_1 = padding + r - 20; 170 int s_s_x_2 = width-padding - r + 20; 171 int s_s_y = padding + r+4; 172 int total = this.maxValue - this.minValue; 173 int scale_width = 5;//刻度宽度 174 int scale = total / this.interval; 175 int pscale = (height - 2 * r - 2 * padding) / this.interval;//像素间隔 176 177 //竖线 178 g.DrawLine(Pens.Black, new Point(s_s_x_1, s_s_y ), new Point(s_s_x_1, s_s_y + this.interval* pscale)); 179 g.DrawLine(Pens.Black, new Point(s_s_x_2, s_s_y), new Point(s_s_x_2, s_s_y + this.interval * pscale)); 180 for (int i = 0; i <= this.interval; i++) { 181 //横线刻度 182 g.DrawLine(Pens.Black, new Point(s_s_x_1- scale_width, s_s_y + i * pscale), new Point(s_s_x_1, s_s_y + i * pscale)); 183 g.DrawLine(Pens.Black, new Point(s_s_x_2, s_s_y + i * pscale), new Point(s_s_x_2 + scale_width, s_s_y + i * pscale)); 184 //画刻度数字 185 186 g.DrawString((this.maxValue - (scale * i)).ToString(), this.thermoFont, new SolidBrush( this.ForeColor), new Point(s_s_x_1-35, s_s_y + i * pscale-10)); 187 g.DrawString((this.maxValue - (scale * i)).ToString(), this.thermoFont, new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor), new Point(s_s_x_2 + 10, s_s_y + i * pscale-10)); 188 } 189 int white_width = 3;//中间白色线宽度 190 //画条白色细线 191 g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, new Rectangle(c_x- white_width, r/2, white_width*2, height-r)); 192 //在底部画一个圆球 193 g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(this.thermoColor), new Rectangle(c_x-r/2+5, height - r - padding, r-10, r-10), 0, 360); 194 //根据当前温度画红色线 195 int red_width = 5;//红色温度线宽度 196 float ii = ( this.curValue-this.minValue) / this.interval; 197 g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(this.thermoColor), new RectangleF(c_x - red_width, height - r - padding- (ii * pscale)-4, 2* red_width, ii * pscale+5));//此处有一像素的误差 198 //画标志字符单℃位 199 g.DrawString("℃", this.thermoFont, new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor), new Point(c_x - 30, r / 2 - 10)); 200 Font titleFont = new Font("宋体", 13, FontStyle.Bold); 201 //绘制标题 202 SizeF tsize = g.MeasureString(this.thermoTitle, titleFont); 203 g.DrawString(this.thermoTitle, titleFont, new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor), new PointF(c_x- (tsize.Width/2), height + 5)); 204 string cur = string.Format("当前温度：{0}℃", this.curValue); 205 SizeF tsize2 = g.MeasureString(cur, this.thermoFont); 206 g.DrawString(cur, this.thermoFont, new SolidBrush(this.thermoColor), new PointF(c_x - (tsize2.Width / 2), height + 10+tsize.Height)); 207 } 208 209 /// <summary> 210 /// 当鼠标覆盖进去时 211 /// </summary> 212 /// <param name="e"></param> 213 protected override void OnMouseHover(EventArgs e) 214 { 215 this.showTip = true; 216 //需要显示的内容 217 int x = this.Width / 2; 218 int y = (this.Height-50) / 2; 219 StringBuilder sbTips = new StringBuilder(); 220 //sbTips.AppendLine(this.ThermoTitle); 221 sbTips.AppendLine(string.Format("当前温度：{0}", this.curValue)); 222 sbTips.AppendLine("单位：℃"); 223 tip.ToolTipTitle = this.ThermoTitle; 224 tip.IsBalloon = true; 225 tip.UseFading = true; 226 //t.SetToolTip(this, sbTips.ToString()); 227 tip.Show(sbTips.ToString(), this, x, y); 228 } 229 230 231 protected override void OnMouseLeave(EventArgs e) 232 { 233 this.showTip = false; 234 tip.Hide(this); 235 } 236 } 237 } 关于页面调用控件刷新代码如下： 1 private void dgDetail_SelectionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 2 { 3 foreach (DataGridViewRow row in this.dgDetail.Rows) 4 { 5 if (row.Selected) 6 { 7 DataRowView drv = row.DataBoundItem as DataRowView; 8 DataRow dr = drv.Row; 9 this.t1.CurValue = int.Parse(dr["Morning"].ToString()); 10 this.t1.ThermoTitle = string.Format("{0}温度",dgDetail.Columns["colMorning"].HeaderText); 11 this.t1.Refresh(); 12 this.t2.CurValue = int.Parse(dr["Middle"].ToString()); 13 this.t2.ThermoTitle = string.Format("{0}温度", dgDetail.Columns["colMiddle"].HeaderText); 14 this.t2.Refresh(); 15 this.t3.CurValue = int.Parse(dr["After"].ToString()); 16 this.t3.ThermoTitle = string.Format("{0}温度", dgDetail.Columns["colAfter"].HeaderText); 17 this.t3.Refresh(); 18 this.t4.CurValue = int.Parse(dr["Night"].ToString()); 19 this.t4.ThermoTitle = string.Format("{0}温度", dgDetail.Columns["colNight"].HeaderText); 20 this.t4.Refresh(); 21 } 22 } 23 }
圆角Panel关于要实现圆角Panel【扩展控件】，需要以下几个步骤
圆角Panel效果图如下：圆角Panel核心代码如下1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Drawing; 5 using System.Data; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Text; 8 using System.Threading.Tasks; 9 using System.Windows.Forms; 10 11 namespace DemoThermometer 12 { 13 public partial class UPanelControl : Panel 14 { 15 private int radius = 15;//弧度半径 16 17 public int Radius 18 { 19 get { return radius; } 20 21 set { radius = value; } 22 } 23 24 private Color borderColor = Color.Red; 25 26 public Color BorderColor 27 { 28 get { return borderColor; } 29 set { borderColor = value; } 30 } 31 32 public UPanelControl() 33 { 34 InitializeComponent(); 35 } 36 37 protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) 38 { 39 base.OnPaint(e); 40 Graphics g = e.Graphics; 41 int width = this.Width; 42 int height = this.Height; 43 int d = 2 * radius; 44 int p = 1;//偏移量 45 Pen borderPen = new Pen(borderColor,1); 46 Brush brush= new SolidBrush(this.BackColor); 47 //左上 全部评论
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