C#中的托管和非托管

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注意！先看左上角声明！我不想误人子弟！但我不怕思考。没有思考就没有错误，互相学习，共同进步！

百度中的“专业人士”回答中出现了这句话（不知道是不是专业人士啊百度说的）“1、是指托管代码，托管代码（Managed Code）实际上就是中间语言（IL）代码。”

如果这句话是对的，应该是对的，那么托管就好理解了，（自己搜中间语言去），我们编写的语言要通过中间语言来翻译即所谓的托管给IL

那么非托管就是不用IL即不用中间语言翻译，别人（微软把）已经把这个语句翻译好了，说白了就是封装好的，你直接去用就行，废话少说直接上列子

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

class Example
{
    // Use DllImport to import the Win32 MessageBox function.
    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    public static extern int MessageBox(IntPtr hWnd, String text, String caption, uint type);

    static void Main()
    {
        // Call the MessageBox function using platform invoke.
        MessageBox(new IntPtr(0), "Hello World!", "Hello Dialog", 0);
    }
}

这个是MSDN上的使用 DllImportAttribute 特性导入 Win32 MessageBox 函数,MessageBox这个窗体函数是已经封装好的。我们在前面先声明一下，引用的几个参数，在主函数中就直接引用了。再来个实战的列子

namespace CPower_CSharp
{
    public class CP5200
    {
        private const string m_strPath = "CP5200.dll";

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern string CP5200_RS232_GetFileName();

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SplitScreen(int nCardID, int nScrWidth, int nScrHeight, int nWndCnt, int[] pWndRects);
 
        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SplitScreen(int nCardID, int nScrWidth, int nScrHeight, int nWndCnt,  int[] pWndRects);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_InitEx(IntPtr fName, int nBaudrate, int dwTimeout);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_Init(uint dwIP, int nIPPort, uint dwIDCode, int nTimeOut);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_Open();

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SendText(int nCardID, int nWndNo, IntPtr pText, int crColor, int nFontSize, int nSpeed, int nEffect, int nStayTime, int nAlignment);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SendText(int nCardID, int nWndNo, IntPtr pText, int crColor, int nFontSize, int nSpeed, int nEffect, int nStayTime, int nAlignment);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SendTagText(int nCardID, int nWndNo, IntPtr pText, int crColor, int nFontSize, int nSpeed, int nEffect, int nStayTime, int nAlignment);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SendTagText(int nCardID, int nWndNo, IntPtr pText, int crColor, int nFontSize, int nSpeed, int nEffect, int nStayTime, int nAlignment);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SendPicture(int nCardID, int nWndNo, int nPosX, int nPosY, int nCx, int nCy, IntPtr pPictureFile, int nSpeed, int nEffect, int nStayTime, int nPictRef);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SendPicture(int nCardID, int nWndNo, int nPosX, int nPosY, int nCx, int nCy, IntPtr pPictureFile, int nSpeed, int nEffect, int nStayTime, int nPictRef);
    
        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SendStatic(int nCardID, int nWndNo, IntPtr pText, int crColor, int nFontSize, int nAlignment, int x, int y, int cx, int cy);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SendStatic(int nCardID, int nWndNo, IntPtr pText, int crColor, int nFontSize, int nAlignment, int x, int y, int cx, int cy);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SendClock(int nCardID, int nWinNo, int nStayTime, int nCalendar, int nFormat, int nContent, int nFont, int nRed, int nGreen, int nBlue, IntPtr pTxt);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SendClock(int nCardID, int nWinNo, int nStayTime, int nCalendar, int nFormat, int nContent, int nFont, int nRed, int nGreen, int nBlue, IntPtr pTxt);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_SetTime(byte nCardID, byte[] pInfo);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_SetTime(byte nCardID, byte[] pInfo);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_RS232_PlaySelectedPrg(int nCardID, int[] pSelected, int nSelCnt, int nOption);

        [DllImport(m_strPath, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int CP5200_Net_PlaySelectedPrg(int nCardID, int[] pSelected, int nSelCnt, int nOption);
    }
}

 private int InitComm()
        {
            int nRet = 0;
            string strPort;
            if (0 == m_nCommType)
            {
                strPort = "COM" + m_nPort.ToString();
                nRet = CP5200.CP5200_RS232_InitEx(Marshal.StringToHGlobalAnsi(strPort), m_nBaudrate, m_nTimeout);
            }
            else
            {
                m_dwIPAddr = GetIP(IPAddr.Text);
                if (0 != m_dwIPAddr)
                {
                    m_dwIDCode = GetIP(IDCode.Text);
                    if (0 != m_dwIDCode)
                    {
                        CP5200.CP5200_Net_Init(m_dwIPAddr, m_nIPPort, m_dwIDCode, m_nTimeout);
                        nRet = 1;
                    }
                }

            }

            return nRet;
        }