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撰文:DotNetSpider.com(http://www.dotnetspider.com) 翻译:杨贺宏
命名惯例和规范注记 : Pascal 大小写形式-所有单词第一个字母大写,其他字母小写。 Camel 大小写形式-除了第一个单词,所有单词第一个字母大写,其他字母小写。 public class HelloWorld { ... } public class HelloWorld { void SayHello(string name) { ... } } public class HelloWorld { int totalCount = 0; void SayHello(string name) { string fullMessage = "Hello " + name; ... } } 以前,多数程序员喜欢它-把数据类型作为变量名的前缀而m_作为成员变量的前缀。例如: string m_sName; int nAge;然而,这种方式在.NET编码规范中是不推荐的。所有变量都用camel 大小写形式,而不是用数据类型和m_来作前缀。 - 别用缩写。用name, address, salary等代替 nam, addr, sal - 别使用单个字母的变量象i, n, x 等. 使用 index, temp等 用于循环迭代的变量例外: for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) { ... }如果变量只用于迭代计数,没有在循环的其他地方出现,许多人还是喜欢用单个字母的变量(i) ,而不是另外取名。 - 变量名中不使用下划线 (_) 。 - 命名空间需按照标准的模式命名
例如,对于类HelloWorld, 相应的文件名应为 helloworld.cs (或, helloworld.vb) 缩进和间隔bool SayHello (string name) { string fullMessage = "Hello " + name; DateTime currentTime = DateTime.Now; string message = fullMessage + ", the time is : " + currentTime.ToShortTimeString(); MessageBox.Show ( message ); if ( ... ) { // Do something // ... return false; } return true; }这段代码看起来比上面的好:: bool SayHello ( string name ) { string fullMessage = "Hello " + name; DateTime currentTime = DateTime.Now; string message = fullMessage + ", the time is : " + currentTime.ToShortTimeString(); MessageBox.Show ( message ); if ( ... ) { // Do something // ... return false; } return true; } 好: if ( ... ) { // Do something }不好: if ( ... ) { // Do something } 好: if ( showResult == true ) { for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) { // } }不好: if(showResult==true) { for(int i= 0;i<10;i++) { // } } 良好的编程习惯遵从以下良好的习惯以写出好程序 好: void SavePhoneNumber ( string phoneNumber ) { // Save the phone number. } 不好: // This method will save the phone number. void SaveData ( string phoneNumber ) { // Save the phone number. } 好: // Save the address. SaveAddress ( address ); // Send an email to the supervisor to inform that the address is updated. SendEmail ( address, email ); void SaveAddress ( string address ) { // Save the address. // ... } void SendEmail ( string address, string email ) { // Send an email to inform the supervisor that the address is changed. // ... } 不好: // Save address and send an email to the supervisor to inform that the address is updated. SaveAddress ( address, email ); void SaveAddress ( string address, string email ) { // Job 1. // Save the address. // ... // Job 2. // Send an email to inform the supervisor that the address is changed. // ... } 好: int age; string name; object contactInfo; 不好: Int16 age; String name; Object contactInfo; 好: enum MailType { Html, PlainText, Attachment } void SendMail (string message, MailType mailType) { switch ( mailType ) { case MailType.Html: // Do something break; case MailType.PlainText: // Do something break; case MailType.Attachment: // Do something break; default: // Do something break; } } 不好: void SendMail (string message, string mailType) { switch ( mailType ) { case "Html": // Do something break; case "PlainText": // Do something break; case "Attachment": // Do something break; default: // Do something break; } } 注释异常处理好: void ReadFromFile ( string fileName ) { try { // read from file. } catch (FileIOException ex) { // log error. // re-throw exception depending on your case. throw; } }不好: void ReadFromFile ( string fileName ) { try { // read from file. } catch (Exception ex) { // Catching general exception is bad... we will never know whether it // was a file error or some other error. // Here you are hiding an exception. // In this case no one will ever know that an exception happened. return ""; } } |
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