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序列化又称串行化,是.NET运行时环境用来支持用户定义类型的流化的机制。其目的是以某种存储形成使自定义对象持久化,或者将这种对象从一个地方传输到另一个地方。 1、是使用BinaryFormatter进行串行化; 2、使用SoapFormatter进行串行化; 3、使用XmlSerializer进行串行化。 第一种方式提供了一个简单的二进制数据流以及某些附加的类型信息,而第二种将数据流格式化为XML存储;第三种其实和第二种差不多也是XML的格式存储,只不过比第二种的XML格式要简化很多(去掉了SOAP特有的额外信息)。 可以使用[Serializable]属性将类标志为可序列化的。如果某个类的元素不想被序列化,1、2可以使用[NonSerialized]属性来标志,2、可以使用[XmlIgnore]来标志。 1、使用BinaryFormatter进行串行化
下面是串行化和反串行化的方法: public void SerializeNow() { ClassToSerialize c = new ClassToSerialize(); FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("c:\\temp.dat", FileMode.Create); BinaryFormatter b = new BinaryFormatter(); b.Serialize(fileStream, c); fileStream.Close(); } public void DeSerializeNow() { ClassToSerialize c = new ClassToSerialize(); c.Sex = "kkkk"; FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("c:\\temp.dat", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read); BinaryFormatter b = new BinaryFormatter(); c = b.Deserialize(fileStream) as ClassToSerialize; Response.Write(c.name); Response.Write(c.Sex); fileStream.Close(); } 调用上述两个方法就可以看到串行化的结果:Sex属性因为被标志为[NonSerialized],故其值总是为null。
using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Xml.Serialization; [Serializable] public class Person { private string name; public string Name { get { return name; } set { name = value; } } public string Sex; public int Age = 31; public Course[] Courses; public Person() { } public Person(string Name) { name = Name; Sex = "男"; } } [Serializable] public class Course { public string Name; [XmlIgnore] public string Description; public Course() { } public Course(string name, string description) { Name = name; Description = description; } } 序列化和反序列化方法: public void XMLSerialize() { Person c = new Person("cyj"); c.Courses = new Course[2]; c.Courses[0] = new Course("英语", "交流工具"); c.Courses[1] = new Course("数学","自然科学"); XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Person)); Stream stream = new FileStream("c:\\cyj.XML",FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write,FileShare.Read); xs.Serialize(stream,c); stream.Close(); } public void XMLDeserialize() { XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Person)); Stream stream = new FileStream("C:\\cyj.XML",FileMode.Open,FileAccess.Read,FileShare.Read); Person p = xs.Deserialize(stream) as Person; Response.Write(p.Name); Response.Write(p.Age.ToString()); Response.Write(p.Courses[0].Name); Response.Write(p.Courses[0].Description); Response.Write(p.Courses[1].Name); Response.Write(p.Courses[1].Description); stream.Close(); } 这里Course类的Description属性值将始终为null,生成的xml文档中也没有该节点,如下图: <?xml version="1.0"?> <Person xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Sex>男</Sex> <Age>31</Age> <Courses> <Course> <Name>英语</Name> <Description>交流工具</Description> </Course> <Course> <Name>数学</Name> <Description>自然科学</Description> </Course> </Courses> <Name>cyj</Name> </Person>
4、自定义序列化 using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Runtime.Serialization; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary; /// <summary> /// Employee 的摘要说明 /// </summary> [Serializable] public class Employee:ISerializable { public int EmpId=100; public string EmpName="刘德华"; [NonSerialized] public string NoSerialString = "NoSerialString-Test"; public Employee() { // // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑 // } private Employee(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext ctxt) { EmpId = (int)info.GetValue("EmployeeId", typeof(int)); EmpName = (String)info.GetValue("EmployeeName",typeof(string)); //NoSerialString = (String)info.GetValue("EmployeeString",typeof(string)); } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext ctxt) { info.AddValue("EmployeeId", EmpId); info.AddValue("EmployeeName", EmpName); //info.AddValue("EmployeeString", NoSerialString); } } 序列化和反序列化方法: public void OtherEmployeeClassTest() { Employee mp = new Employee(); mp.EmpId = 10; mp.EmpName = "邱枫"; mp.NoSerialString = "你好呀"; Stream steam = File.Open("c:\\temp3.dat", FileMode.Create); BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter(); Response.Write("Writing Employee Info:"); bf.Serialize(steam,mp); steam.Close(); mp = null; //反序列化 Stream steam2 = File.Open("c:\\temp3.dat", FileMode.Open); BinaryFormatter bf2 = new BinaryFormatter(); Response.Write("Reading Employee Info:"); Employee mp2 = (Employee)bf2.Deserialize(steam2); steam2.Close(); Response.Write(mp2.EmpId); Response.Write(mp2.EmpName); Response.Write(mp2.NoSerialString); }
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/qqflying/archive/2008/01/13/1037262.html
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