欲成为海洋大师,必知晓海中每一滴水的真名。
刚开始只是想找一个转换JSON数组的方法,结果在MSDN翻到一大把。
搜索过程中免不了碰到一大堆名词:WCF => DataContract => DataMember => DataContractJsonSerializer,然后就是不停的引入命名空间。
这一段经历,立即让我就联想到了上面引用的这句存在于某小说里面巫师的话语。静态语言真有点令人抓狂,不停的做准备,然后才可能开始工作。
对比
准备数据
实体类:
[DataContract] public class Person { [DataMember(Order = 0, IsRequired = true)] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 1)] public int Age { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 2)] public bool Alive { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 3)] public string[] FavoriteFilms { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 4)] public Person Child { get; set; } }
定义:
Action<object> log = o => Console.WriteLine(o); Func<int, int, int> add = (x, y) => x + y; var p1 = new Person { Age = 12, Alive = true, Name = "lj", FavoriteFilms = new[] { "Up", "Avatar" } }; var p2 = new Person() { Age = 28, Name = "cy", Child = p1 };
使用DataContractJsonSerializer
帮助类:
// using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; /// <summary> /// 解析JSON,仿Javascript风格 /// </summary> public static class JSON { public static T parse<T>(string jsonString) { using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString))) { return (T)new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)).ReadObject(ms); } } public static string stringify(object jsonObject) { using (var ms = new MemoryStream()) { new DataContractJsonSerializer(jsonObject.GetType()).WriteObject(ms, jsonObject); return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()); } } }
用法:
// 序列化 var jsonString = JSON.stringify(new[] { p1, p2 }); log(jsonString == JSON.stringify(new List<Person>() { p1, p2 })); //true log(jsonString); // 反序列化,泛型集合 JSON.parse<List<Person>>(jsonString); // 数组转换 JSON.parse<Person[]>(jsonString);
输出:
[{"Name":"lj","Age":12,"Alive":true,"FavoriteFilms":["Up","Avatar"],"Child":null },{"Name":"cy","Age":28,"Alive":false,"FavoriteFilms":null,"Child":{"Name":"lj", "Age":12,"Alive":true,"FavoriteFilms":["Up","Avatar"],"Child":null}}]
使用JavaScriptSerializer
// using System.Web.Script.Serialization; var jser = new JavaScriptSerializer(); var json = jser.Serialize(new List<Person>() { p1, p2 }); var persons = jser.Deserialize<List<Person>>(json);
使用Silverlight
// using System.Json var css = "{ /"#header/" : {background:/"red/"}, layout : [5,4,1],color:/"cyan/" }"; var style = JsonObject.Parse(css) as JsonObject; ( from s in style where s.Key == "color" select (string)s.Value ).First().ToString(); // "cyan" // 更多操作 style["layout"][0] = 22; var hd = style["#header"]; style["body>div+p"] = hd; style.Remove("#header"); var bd = new JsonObject(); bd["border"] = "1px solid cyan"; style["body>div+p"]["#meta"] = bd; style.ToString(); // {"layout":[22,4,1],"color":"cyan","body>div+p":{"background":"red","#meta":{"border":"1px solid cyan"}}}
使用JSON.NET
// using Newtonsoft.Json; var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new[] { p1, p2 }); var persons = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Person>>(json); var ja = JArray.Parse(jsonString); log(ja); //注意,格式化过的输出
输出:
[ { "Name": "lj", "Age": 12, "Alive": true, "FavoriteFilms": [ "Up", "Avatar" ], "Child": null }, { "Name": "cy", "Age": 28, "Alive": false, "FavoriteFilms": null, "Child": { "Name": "lj", "Age": 12, "Alive": true, "FavoriteFilms": [ "Up", "Avatar" ], "Child": null } } ]
LINQ:
var ageCount = ja.Select(j => (int)j["Age"]).Aggregate(add); var q = from j in ja where !j["Name"].Value<string>().Equals("lj") select (int)j["Age"]; log(q.Aggregate(add) == ageCount); //false
其他:
// 与Linq to XML 相似的嵌套构造函数: var jo = new JObject( new JProperty("age", persons.Select( p => p.Age)), new JProperty("funny", true), new JProperty("array", new JArray(new[] { 2, 4, 1 })) ); log(jo); // JObject 操作 var css = "{ /"#header/" : {background:/"red/"}, layout : [5,4,1] }"; var style = JObject.Parse(css); var bd = new JObject(); bd["color"] = "1px solid cyan"; style["border"] = bd; var hd = style["#header"]; style["body>div+p"] = hd; hd.Parent.Remove(); style["layout"][0] = 22; log(style);
输出:
{ "age": [ 12, 28 ], "funny": true, "array": [ 2, 4, 1 ] } { "layout": [ 22, 4, 1 ], "border": { "color": "1px solid cyan" }, "body>div+p": { "background": "red" } }
来自:http://www.mzwu.com/article.asp?id=1913
实体类Student:
public class Student { private string _Name; private int _Age;
public Student(string name, int age) { _Name = name; _Age = age; }
/// <summary> /// 姓名 /// </summary> [System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMember] public string Name { set {_Name = value;} get { return _Name; } }
/// <summary> /// 年龄 /// </summary> [System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMember] public int Age { set { _Age = value; } get { return _Age; } } }
注意:必须使用DataContractAttribute对类进行标记,使用DataMemberAttribute类成员进行标记,否则该类无法被序列化。
对象转为JSON字符串
System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer
json = new
System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer(stu.GetType()); using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) { json.WriteObject(stream, stu); Response.Write(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray())); }
JSON字符串转为对象
System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer
json = new
System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Student)); using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("{/"Age/":20,/"Name/":/"张三/"} "))) { Student stu = (Student)json.ReadObject(stream); Response.Write(string.Format("name:{0},age:{1}", stu.Name, stu.Age)); }
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