网页自动登录和提交POST信息的核心就是分析网页的源代码(HTML),在C#中,可以用来提取网页HTML的组件比较多,常用的用WebBrowser、WebClient、HttpWebRequest这三个。
以下就分别用这三种方法来实现: 1、WebBrowser是个"迷你"浏览器,其特点是Post时不用关心Cookie、内置JS等问题 WebBrowser是VS2005新提供的组件(其实就是封装了IE接口),实现POST功能一般在webBrowser的DocumentCompleted中分析HtmlDocument 来实现,代码如下:
HtmlElement ClickBtn =null; if (e.Url.ToString().ToLower().IndexOf("http://sandou.cnblogs.com/") > 0) //登陆页面 { HtmlDocument doc = webBrowser1.Document; for (int i = 0; i < doc.All.Count ; i++) { if (doc.All[i].TagName.ToUpper().Equals("INPUT")) { switch (doc.All[i].Name) { case "userCtl": doc.All[i].InnerText = "user01"; break; case "passCt1": doc.All[i].InnerText = "mypass"; break; case "B1": ClickBtn = doc.All[i]; //提交按钮 break; } } } ClickBtn.InvokeMember("Click"); //执行按扭操作 }
2、WebClient封装了HTTP的一些类,操作简单,相较于webBrowser,特点是可以自设代理,缺点是对COOKIE的控制 WebClient的运行全在后台,并且提供了异步操作的能力,这样很方便并发多个任务,然后等待结果的返回,再逐个处理。多任务异步调用的代码如下:
private void StartLoop(int ProxyNum) { WebClient [] wcArray = new WebClient[ProxyNum]; //初始化 for (int idArray = 0; idArray< ProxyNum;idArray++) { wcArray[idArray] = new WebClient(); wcArray[idArray].OpenReadCompleted += new OpenReadCompletedEventHandler(Pic_OpenReadCompleted2); wcArray[idArray].UploadDataCompleted += new UploadDataCompletedEventHandler(Pic_UploadDataCompleted2); try { wcArray[idArray].Proxy = new WebProxy(proxy[1], port); wcArray[idArray].OpenReadAsync(new Uri("http://sandou.cnblogs.com/")); //打开WEB; proxy = null; } catch { } } }
private void Pic_OpenReadCompleted2(object sender, OpenReadCompletedEventArgs e) { if (e.Error == null) { string textData = new StreamReader(e.Result, Encoding.Default).ReadToEnd(); //取返回信息 .. String cookie = ((WebClient)sender).ResponseHeaders["Set-Cookie"]; ((WebClient)sender).Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); ((WebClient)sender).Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "zh-cn"); ((WebClient)sender).Headers.Add("Cookie", cookie);
string postData = "" byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData); // 转化成二进制数组 ((WebClient)sender).UploadDataAsync(new Uri("http://sandou.cnblogs.com/"), "POST", byteArray); } }
private void Pic_UploadDataCompleted2(object sender, UploadDataCompletedEventArgs e) { if (e.Error == null) { string returnMessage = Encoding.Default.GetString(e.Result); } }
3、HttpWebRequest较为低层,能实现的功能较多,Cookie操作也很简单:
private bool PostWebRequest() { CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer(); string pos tData = "user=" + strUser + "&pass=" + strPsd; byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData); // 转化
HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(http://sandou.cnblogs.com/)); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cc; webRequest2.Method = "POST"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length; Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream(); // Send the data. newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); //写入参数 newStream.Close();
HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2=new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); }
HttpWebRequest 实现, 这个是从网上COPY 的!我以前用相关的代码登录到WWW.ASP.NET上,并且成功post,可惜代码不知道放什么地方了。
HttpWebRequest自动登录网站并获取网站内容(不包含验证码的网站) 可以使用 Visual Sniffer(百度搜索) 来捕捉提交的数据信息: 1. 访问你需要站外提交的页面,比如 CSDN 登陆页 http://www.csdn.net/member/UserLogin.aspx 2. 填写好需要的资料,比如用户名和密码, 3. 打开 Visual Sniffer, 点“开始拦截” 4. 在访问的页面中提交。 5. 等提交成功之后,在 Visual Sniffer 中“停止拦截” 6. 在 Visual Sniffer 的左侧栏的加号中依次点开,右边是它拦截到的内容:
POST http://www.csdn.net/member/UserLogin.aspx HTTP/1.0 Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, application/x-shockwave-flash, ** Referer: http://www.csdn.net/member/UserLogin.aspx Accept-Language: zh-cn UA-CPU: x86 Pragma: no-cache User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.2; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; InfoPath.1) Host: www.csdn.net Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive Cookie: ASPSESSIONIDAAAATBQC=FMEGGCKDBKHAMMCGKPFDMBFG; ASP.NET_SessionId=lusprmnom05lr445tmteaf55; userid=699879 以上为拦截内容,其中提交数据的参数部分(程序中的:strArgs)如: __EVENTTARGET=&__EVENTARGUMENT=&__VIEWSTATE=dDwtMTcwMzgxNjQ2Mjs7bDxDU 0ROVXNlckxvZ2luOmNiX1NhdmVTdGF0ZTtDU0ROVXNlckxvZ2luOkltYWdlX0xvZ2luOz4%2Btu 1q2wmRZoAJTi9L73w1zBleylY%3D&CSDNUserLogin%3Atb_UserName=testusername&CSDN UserLogin%3Atb_Password=testpassword&CSDNUserLogin%3Atb_ExPwd=9232
protected static string cookieHeader; private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { string strReContent = string.Empty; //登录 strReContent = PostLogin("http://www.mystand.com.cn/login/submit.jsp提交的页面","提交的参数:userid=hgj0000&password=06045369","引用地址:http://www.mystand.com.cn/"); //asp.net登录传递的参数需注意 //strReContent = PostLogin("47bDxcZTs%2BPjs%2BOzs%2BOz4%2BOz6aX2dtqkJTK%2BKbNPsjd7Op%2Fl26Iw%3D%3D&txtUserName=hxf&txtPassword=hxf0000&btnEnter=%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95","http://www.mystand.com.cn/login.aspx">http://www.mystand.com.cn/login.aspx","__VIEWSTATE=dDwtNjkzMjUyNDczO3Q8O2w8aTwzPjs%2BO2w8dDxwPHA8bDxUZXh0Oz47bDxcZTs%2BPjs%2BOzs%2BOz4%2BOz6aX2dtqkJTK%2BKbNPsjd7Op%2Fl26Iw%3D%3D&txtUserName=hxf&txtPassword=hxf0000&btnEnter=%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95","http://www.mystand.com.cn/login.aspx"); //获取页面 strReContent = GetPage("http://www.mystand.com.cn/company/getdata.jsp?code=","引用地址:http://www.mystand.com.cn/"); //strReContent = GetPage("http://www.mystand.com.cn/Modules/index.aspx","http://www.mystand.com.cn/login.aspx"); //可以对获得的内容进行处理:strReContent }
/// <summary> /// 功能描述:模拟登录页面,提交登录数据进行登录,并记录Header中的cookie /// </summary> /// <param name="strURL">登录数据提交的页面地址</param> /// <param name="strArgs">用户登录数据</param> /// <param name="strReferer">引用地址</param> /// <returns>可以返回页面内容或不返回</returns> public static string PostLogin(string strURL,string strArgs,string strReferer) { string strResult = ""; HttpWebRequest myHttpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strURL); myHttpWebRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true; myHttpWebRequest.KeepAlive = true; myHttpWebRequest.Accept = "image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/msword, application/x-shockwave-flash, */// <summary> /// 功能描述:在PostLogin成功登录后记录下Headers中的cookie,然后获取此网站上其他页面的内容 /// </summary> /// <param name="strURL">获取网站的某页面的地址</param> /// <param name="strReferer">引用的地址</param> /// <returns>返回页面内容</returns> public static string GetPage(string strURL,string strReferer) { string strResult = ""; HttpWebRequest myHttpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strURL); myHttpWebRequest.ContentType = "text/html"; myHttpWebRequest.Method = "GET"; myHttpWebRequest.Referer = strReferer; myHttpWebRequest.Headers.Add("cookie:"+ cookieHeader);
HttpWebResponse response = null; System.IO.StreamReader sr = null; response = (HttpWebResponse)myHttpWebRequest.GetResponse(); sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")); // //utf-8 strResult = sr.ReadToEnd(); return strResult; }
技术应用——网页自动登录(提交Post内容)的用途很多,如验证身份、程序升级、网络投票等,以下是用C#实现的方法.
未解决问题——目前最大问题无法绕过验证码
本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/vrix/archive/2009/04/20/4095846.aspx
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