客服电话
APP下载
迪恩网络APP
随时随地掌握行业动态
官方微信
扫描二维码
关注迪恩网络微信公众号
1.1、了解 RabbitMQ 失败消息重新投递机制《Rabbit 失败消息重新投递机制》
1.2、了解什么是消息确认机制
1.3、了解什么是死信队列
2、实现业务的模拟代码using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class Program
{
private static string _exchangeNormal = "Exchange.Normal"; //定义一个用于接收 正常 消息的交换机
private static string _exchangeRetry = "Exchange.Retry"; //定义一个用于接收 重试 消息的交换机
private static string _exchangeFail = "Exchange.Fail"; //定义一个用于接收 失败 消息的交换机
private static string _queueNormal = "Queue.Noraml"; //定义一个用于接收 正常 消息的队列
private static string _queueRetry = "Queue.Retry"; //定义一个用于接收 重试 消息的队列
private static string _queueFail = "Queue.Fail"; //定义一个用于接收 失败 消息的队列
public static void Main()
{
var factory = new ConnectionFactory();
{
factory.HostName = "127.0.0.1";
factory.Port = 5672;
factory.VirtualHost = "VH1"; //选择虚拟主机
factory.UserName = "user1";
factory.Password = "123456";
factory.AutomaticRecoveryEnabled = true; //开启自动恢复连接(默认为false，在异常中断时无法自动恢复连接)
//factory.ClientProvidedName = "测试程序",
factory.ClientProperties.Add("connection_name", "测试程序"); //#为兼容3.5.7显示客户端名称问题
factory.ClientProperties.Add("tag", "测试程序"); //#为解决5.2.0版本不显示客户端名称问题
}
var connection = factory.CreateConnection();
var channel = connection.CreateModel();
//声明交换机
channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: _exchangeNormal, type: "topic");
channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: _exchangeRetry, type: "topic");
channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: _exchangeFail, type: "topic");
//定义队列参数
var queueNormalArgs = new Dictionary<string, object>();
{
queueNormalArgs.Add("x-dead-letter-exchange", _exchangeFail); //指定死信交换机，用于将 Noraml 队列中失败的消息投递给 Fail 交换机
}
var queueRetryArgs = new Dictionary<string, object>();
{
queueRetryArgs.Add("x-dead-letter-exchange", _exchangeNormal); //指定死信交换机，用于将 Retry 队列中超时的消息投递给 Noraml 交换机
queueRetryArgs.Add("x-message-ttl", 60000); //定义 queueRetry 的消息最大停留时间 (原理是：等消息超时后由 broker 自动投递给当前绑定的死信交换机)
//定义最大停留时间为防止一些 待重新投递 的消息、没有定义重试时间而导致内存溢出
}
var queueFailArgs = new Dictionary<string, object>();
{
//暂无
}
//声明队列
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueNormal, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: queueNormalArgs);
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueRetry, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: queueRetryArgs);
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: _queueFail, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: queueFailArgs);
//为队列绑定交换机
channel.QueueBind(queue: _queueNormal, exchange: _exchangeNormal, routingKey: "#");
channel.QueueBind(queue: _queueRetry, exchange: _exchangeRetry, routingKey: "#");
channel.QueueBind(queue: _queueFail, exchange: _exchangeFail, routingKey: "#");
#region 创建一个普通消息消费者
{
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
consumer.Received += (sender, e) =>
{
var _sender = (EventingBasicConsumer)sender; //消息传送者
var _channel = _sender.Model; //消息传送通道
var _message = (BasicDeliverEventArgs)e; //消息传送参数
var _headers = _message.BasicProperties.Headers; //消息头
var _content = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_message.Body); //消息内容
var _death = default(Dictionary<string, object>); //死信参数
if (_headers != null && _headers.ContainsKey("x-death"))
_death = (Dictionary<string, object>)(_headers["x-death"] as List<object>)[0];
try
#region 消息处理
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t(1.0)消息接收：\r\n\t[deliveryTag={_message.DeliveryTag}]\r\n\t[consumerID={_message.ConsumerTag}]\r\n\t[exchange={_message.Exchange}]\r\n\t[routingKey={_message.RoutingKey}]\r\n\t[content={_content}]");
throw new Exception("模拟消息处理失败效果。");
//处理成功时
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t(1.1)处理成功：\r\n\t[deliveryTag={_message.DeliveryTag}]");
//消息确认 (销毁当前消息)
_channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: _message.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
}
#endregion
catch (Exception ex)
#region 消息处理失败时
{
var retryCount = (long)(_death?["count"] ?? default(long)); //查询当前消息被重新投递的次数 (首次则为0)
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t(1.2)处理失败：\r\n\t[deliveryTag={_message.DeliveryTag}]\r\n\t[retryCount={retryCount}]");
if (retryCount >= 2)
#region 投递第3次还没消费成功时，就转发给 exchangeFail 交换机
{
//消息拒绝（投递给死信交换机，也就是上边定义的 ("x-dead-letter-exchange", _exchangeFail)）
_channel.BasicNack(deliveryTag: _message.DeliveryTag, multiple: false, requeue: false);
}
#endregion
else
#region 否则转发给 exchangeRetry 交换机
{
var interval = (retryCount + 1) * 10; //定义下一次投递的间隔时间 (单位：秒)
//如：首次重试间隔10秒、第二次间隔20秒、第三次间隔30秒
//定义下一次投递的间隔时间 (单位：毫秒)
_message.BasicProperties.Expiration = (interval * 1000).ToString();
//将消息投递给 _exchangeRetry (会自动增加 death 次数)
_channel.BasicPublish(exchange: _exchangeRetry, routingKey: _message.RoutingKey, basicProperties: _message.BasicProperties, body: _message.Body);
//消息确认 (销毁当前消息)
_channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: _message.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
}
#endregion
}
#endregion
};
channel.BasicConsume(queue: _queueNormal, noAck: false, consumer: consumer);
}
#endregion
#region 创建一个失败消息消费者
{
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
consumer.Received += (sender, e) =>
{
var _message = (BasicDeliverEventArgs)e; //消息传送参数
var _content = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_message.Body); //消息内容
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t(2.0)发现失败消息：\r\n\t[deliveryTag={_message.DeliveryTag}]\r\n\t[consumerID={_message.ConsumerTag}]\r\n\t[exchange={_message.Exchange}]\r\n\t[routingKey={_message.RoutingKey}]\r\n\t[content={_content}]");
};
channel.BasicConsume(queue: _queueFail, noAck: true, consumer: consumer);
}
#endregion
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t正在运行中...");
var cmd = default(string);
while ((cmd = Console.ReadLine()) != "close")
#region 模拟正常消息发布
{
var msgProperties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
var msgContent = $"消息内容_{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}_{cmd}";
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: _exchangeNormal, routingKey: "亚洲.中国.经济", basicProperties: msgProperties, body: Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgContent));
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t发送成功：{msgContent}");
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t正在关闭...");
channel.ExchangeDelete(_exchangeNormal);
channel.ExchangeDelete(_exchangeRetry);
channel.ExchangeDelete(_exchangeFail);
channel.QueueDelete(_queueNormal);
channel.QueueDelete(_queueRetry);
channel.QueueDelete(_queueFail);
//channel.Abort();
channel.Close(200, "Goodbye!");
channel.Dispose();
connection.Close(200, "Goodbye!");
connection.Dispose();
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff")}\t运行结束。");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
3、查看 RabbitMQ 后台管理端的显示效果
《新建的3个交换机》
《新建的3个队列》
《最终投递失败被转移到 Queue.Fail 的消息内容》
4、查看程序模拟的显示效果
原文地址： https://blog.csdn.net/rcr676/article/details/107687818
|
请发表评论