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C语言字符串函数大全

原作者: [db:作者] 来自: [db:来源] 收藏 邀请

摘自互联网!比较适合ACMer使用,虽然有string了,那有这些用的顺心啊!当然java 、.net可以飘过!

函数名: stpcpy 
功  能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个 
用  法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";

stpcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s\n", string);
return 0;
}

函数名: strcat 
功  能: 字符串拼接函数 
用  法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char destination[25];
char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";

strcpy(destination, Borland);
strcat(destination, blank);
strcat(destination, c);

printf("%s\n", destination);
return 0;
}

函数名: strchr 
功  能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处\ 
用  法: char *strchr(char *str, char c); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char string[15];
char *ptr, c = 'r';

strcpy(string, "This is a string");
ptr = strchr(string, c);
if (ptr)
printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
else
printf("The character was not found\n");
return 0;
}

函数名: strcmp 
功  能: 串比较 
用  法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2); 
看Asic码,str1>str2,返回值 > 0;两串相等,返回0
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";
int ptr;

ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");

return 0;
}

函数名: strncmpi 
功  能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写 
用  法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;

ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);

if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");

return 0;
}

函数名: strcpy 
功  能: 串拷贝 
用  法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";

strcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s\n", string);
return 0;
}

 

函数名: strcspn 
功  能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段 
用  法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "1234567890";
char *string2 = "747DC8";
int length;

length = strcspn(string1, string2);
printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n", length);

return 0;
}


函数名: strdup 
功  能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处 
用  法: char *strdup(char *str); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";

dup_str = strdup(string);
printf("%s\n", dup_str);
free(dup_str);

return 0;
}

 

函数名: stricmp 
功  能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串 
用  法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;

ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);

if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");

return 0;
}


函数名: strerror 

功  能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针 
用  法: char *strerror(int errnum); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <errno.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buffer;
buffer = strerror(errno);
printf("Error: %s\n", buffer);
return 0;
}


函数名: strcmpi 
功  能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写 
用  法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;

ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);

if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");

return 0;
}

 

函数名: strncmp 
功  能: 串比较 
用  法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)

{
char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
int ptr;

ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");

return(0);
}


函数名: strncmpi 
功  能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写 
用  法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
int ptr;

ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);

if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");

return 0;
}


函数名: strncpy 
功  能: 串拷贝 
用  法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";

strncpy(string, str1, 3);
string[3] = '\0';
printf("%s\n", string);
return 0;
}


函数名: strnicmp 
功  能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串 
用  法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
int ptr;

ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);

if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");

if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");

return 0;
}

 

函数名: strnset 
功  能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符 
用  法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
char letter = 'x';

printf("string before strnset: %s\n", string);
strnset(string, letter, 13);
printf("string after strnset: %s\n", string);

return 0;
}


函数名: strpbrk 
功  能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符 
用  法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
char *string2 = "onm";
char *ptr;

ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);

if (ptr)
printf("strpbrk found first character: %c\n", *ptr);
else
printf("strpbrk didn't find character in set\n");

return 0;
}

 

函数名: strrchr 
功  能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现 
用  法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char string[15];
char *ptr, c = 'r';

strcpy(string, "This is a string");
ptr = strrchr(string, c);
if (ptr)
printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
else
printf("The character was not found\n");
return 0;
}

 

函数名: strrev 
功  能: 串倒转 
用  法: char *strrev(char *str); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *forward = "string";

printf("Before strrev(): %s\n", forward);
strrev(forward);
printf("After strrev(): %s\n", forward);
return 0;
}


函数名: strset 
功  能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符 
用  法: char *strset(char *str, char c); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char string[10] = "123456789";
char symbol = 'c';

printf("Before strset(): %s\n", string);
strset(string, symbol);
printf("After strset(): %s\n", string);
return 0;
}

  

函数名: strspn 
功  能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出现 
用  法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "1234567890";
char *string2 = "123DC8";
int length;

length = strspn(string1, string2);
printf("Character where strings differ is at position %d\n", length);
return 0;
}


函数名: strstr 
功  能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现 
用  法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;

ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
printf("The substring is: %s\n", ptr);
return 0;
}


函数名: strtod 
功  能: 将字符串转换为double型值 
用  法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
char input[80], *endptr;
double value;

printf("Enter a floating point number:");
gets(input);
value = strtod(input, &endptr);
printf("The string is %s the number is %lf\n", input, value);
return 0;
}

 

函数名: strtok 
功  能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词 
用  法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2); 
程序例:

#include <string.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char input[16] = "abc,d";
char *p;

/* strtok places a NULL terminator
in front of the token, if found
*/
p = strtok(input, ",");
if (p) printf("%s\n", p);

/* A second call to strtok using a NULL
as the first parameter returns a pointer
to the character following the token
*/
p = strtok(NULL, ",");
if (p) printf("%s\n", p);
return 0;
}


函数名: strtol 
功  能: 将串转换为长整数 
用  法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base); 
程序例:

#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
long lnumber;

/* strtol converts string to long integer */
lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);
printf("string = %s long = %ld\n", string, lnumber);

return 0;
}


函数名: strupr 
功  能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母 
用  法: char *strupr(char *str); 
程序例:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;

/* converts string to upper case characters */
ptr = strupr(string);
printf("%s\n", ptr);
return 0;
}

 

函数名: swab 
功  能: 交换字节 
用  法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes); 
程序例:

#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";
char target[15];

int main(void)
{
swab(source, target, strlen(source));
printf("This is target: %s\n", target);
return 0;
}

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