NAME
       backtrace, backtrace_symbols, backtrace_symbols_fd - support for application self-debugging

SYNOPSIS
       #include <execinfo.h>

       int backtrace(void **buffer, int size);

       char **backtrace_symbols(void *const *buffer, int size);

       void backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const *buffer, int size, int fd);

#include<execinfo.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>

void myfunc3(void)
{
   int j, nptrs;
   #define SIZE 100
   void *buffer[100];
   char **strings;

   nptrs = backtrace(buffer, SIZE);
   printf("backtrace() returned %d addresses\n", nptrs);

   /* The call backtrace_symbols_fd(buffer, nptrs, STDOUT_FILENO)
    *  would produce similar output to the following: */
 
   strings = backtrace_symbols(buffer, nptrs);
   if (strings == NULL) {
       perror("backtrace_symbols");
       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
 
   for (j = 0; j < nptrs; j++)
       printf("%s\n", strings[j]);
   free(strings);
}

static void  /* "static" means don't export the symbol... */
myfunc2(void)
{
   myfunc3();
}

void myfunc(int ncalls)
{
   if (ncalls > 1)
       myfunc(ncalls - 1);
   else
       myfunc2();
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
   if (argc != 2) {
       fprintf(stderr,"%s num-calls\n", argv[0]);
       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
   myfunc(atoi(argv[1]));

   exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

编译:
# cc prog.c -o prog
运行：
# ./prog 0
backtrace() returned 6 addresses
./prog() [0x80485a3]
./prog() [0x8048630]
./prog() [0x8048653]
./prog() [0x80486a7]

# cc -rdynamic  prog.c -o prog
通过gcc手册，我们可以也解下参数的说明:
-rdynamic
           Pass the flag -export-dynamic to the ELF linker, on targets that support it. 
This instructs the linker to add all symbols, not only used ones, to the dynamic symbol table.
 This option is needed for some uses of "dlopen" or to allow obtaining backtraces from within a program.

再执行：
# ./prog 0
backtrace() returned 6 addresses
./prog(myfunc3+0x1f) [0x8048763]
./prog() [0x80487f0]
./prog(myfunc+0x21) [0x8048813]
./prog(main+0x52) [0x8048867]
/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xe6) [0xaf9cc6]
./prog() [0x80486b1]

这回，可以看到函数名了。是不是很酷呢？把它封装到你的调试代码中吧。