为什么需要对参数进行编码?相信有过开发的经验的广大程序员都知道,在Web中,若是直接在Url地址上传递参数值,若是中文,或者+等什么的就会出现乱码现象,若是数字或者英文的好象没有什么问题,简言之,传递过来的参数是需要进行编码的。 在这里,也许有人会说,为什么不直接用Server.UrlDecode和Server.UrlEncode这两个来进行编码和解码的操作呢?
的确,这两个服务器端对象很好使用,用起来也很方便,但是,若在客户端是HTML的Input,查询的时候页面是HTML或者其他的,反正不是.NET的,那这个对象还可以用吗?
我现在就遇到这样的问题,查询的东东放在页面,而且那个页面我根本不想让他是.aspx结尾的,哈,感觉HTML的挺不错,而且里面的控件也是用HTML对象的。
下面先来看两个函数,UTF16转UTF8和UTF8转Utf16的。 function utf16to8(str) { var out, i, len, c;
out = ""; len = str.length; for(i = 0; i < len; i++) { c = str.charCodeAt(i); if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) { out += str.charAt(i); } else if (c > 0x07FF) { out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F)); } else { out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F)); } } return out; }
function utf8to16(str) { var out, i, len, c; var char2, char3;
out = ""; len = str.length; i = 0; while(i < len) { c = str.charCodeAt(i++); switch(c >> 4) { case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7: // 0xxxxxxx out += str.charAt(i-1); break; case 12: case 13: // 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) << 6) | (char2 & 0x3F)); break; case 14: // 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) << 12) | ((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) | ((char3 & 0x3F) << 0)); break; } }
return out; }
那么为什么需要进行转化呢?因为在JavaScript中获得的中文字符是用UTF16进行编码的,和我们统一的页面标准格式UTF-8可不一样哦,所以需要先进行转化,上面的函数UTF-16到UTF8,然后再进行Base64的编码。
下面是关于Js进行Base64编码和解码的相关操作:
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"; var base64DecodeChars = new Array( -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1); //客户端Base64编码 function base64encode(str) { var out, i, len; var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length; i = 0; out = ""; while(i < len) { c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if(i == len) { out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4); out += "=="; break; } c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); if(i == len) { out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2); out += "="; break; } c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >>6)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F); } return out; } //客户端Base64解码 function base64decode(str) { var c1, c2, c3, c4; var i, len, out;
len = str.length; i = 0; out = ""; while(i < len) { /* c1 */ do { c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff]; } while(i < len && c1 == -1); if(c1 == -1) break;
/* c2 */ do { c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff]; } while(i < len && c2 == -1); if(c2 == -1) break;
out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4));
/* c3 */ do { c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if(c3 == 61) return out; c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3]; } while(i < len && c3 == -1); if(c3 == -1) break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2));
/* c4 */ do { c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if(c4 == 61) return out; c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4]; } while(i < len && c4 == -1); if(c4 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4); } return out; }
这样传递过去的值就可以在服务器端解码操作了。 下面是C#的Base64加码和解码的相关类: using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
namespace CNVP.Base64 { /// <summary> /// MyBase64 的摘要说明 /// </summary> public class MyBase64 { public MyBase64() { // // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑 // } /// <summary> /// 服务器端Base64编码 /// </summary> /// <param name="data"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string base64Encode(string data) { try { byte[] encData_byte = new byte[data.Length]; encData_byte = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data); string encodedData = Convert.ToBase64String(encData_byte); return encodedData; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("Error in base64Encode" + e.Message); } } /// <summary> /// 服务器端Base64解码 /// </summary> /// <param name="data"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string base64Decode(string data) { try { System.Text.UTF8Encoding encoder = new System.Text.UTF8Encoding(); System.Text.Decoder utf8Decode = encoder.GetDecoder(); byte[] todecode_byte = Convert.FromBase64String(data); int charCount = utf8Decode.GetCharCount(todecode_byte, 0, todecode_byte.Length); char[] decoded_char = new char[charCount]; utf8Decode.GetChars(todecode_byte, 0, todecode_byte.Length, decoded_char, 0); string result = new String(decoded_char); return result; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("Error in base64Decode" + e.Message); } } } }
var Keyword=base64encode(utf16to8(document.all.Keyword.value)); Keyword=Keyword.replace("+","%2B");//替换+,否则在服务器解码的时候会出错 服务器端使用以下代码调用: CNVP.Base64.MyBase64 base64 = new CNVP.Base64.MyBase64(); Keyword=base64.base64Decode(Keyword);
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