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C#对Excel的一些操作【一】

原作者: [db:作者] 来自: [db:来源] 收藏 邀请

C#操作Excel的方式多种多样，以下为个人实践中的一些总结，留个笔记方便以后查看，陆续更新中。。。

进入正题：

一：将Excel的数据直接导入到SQL数据库中

这个需要Excel文件与数据库中的表的字段一致，或者指定每一个字段也行；
首先读取Excel里面的内容：

string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; " + "Data Source =" + this.txtPath.Text + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
            OleDbConnection myConn = new OleDbConnection(strCon);
            string sql = "SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]";
            try
            {
                myConn.Open();
                OleDbDataAdapter oda = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, myConn);
                oda.Fill(ds, "[Sheet1$]");
                myConn.Close();
                this.dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }

然后循环将每一条数据Insert到数据库中：

 string connectionString = @"server=SQL2008; database=ExcelDB; uid=sa;pwd=123123";
            SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
            DataGrid mygrid = new DataGrid();
            mygrid.SetDataBinding(ds, "[Sheet1$]");
            int num = ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
            {
                string value1 = mygrid[i, 0].ToString();
                string value2 = mygrid[i, 1].ToString();
                string value3 = mygrid[i, 2].ToString();
                string value4 = mygrid[i, 3].ToString();
                string value5 = mygrid[i, 4].ToString();
                string strsql = "INSERT INTO tb_01 VALUES('" + value1 + "','" + value2 + "','" + value3 + "','" + value4 + "','" + value5 + "')";
                con.Open();
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strsql, con);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                con.Close();
            }

 

二：将SQL数据库中的数据写入到Excel
通常有很多报表会要求将后台的数据写入到一个固定的模板文件中，那么可以这样操作：

 using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
            Excel.Application xApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
            Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks._Open(txtPath.Text.Trim(),
              Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
              , Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
              , Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);

            Excel.Worksheet xSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)xBook.Sheets[1];

            Excel.Range rng1 = xSheet.get_Range("A1", Missing.Value);
            rng1.Value2 = this.txt01.Text.Trim();

            Excel.Range rng2 = xSheet.get_Range("B1", Missing.Value);
            rng2.Value2 = this.txt02.Text.Trim();

            Excel.Range rng3 = xSheet.get_Range("C1", Missing.Value);
            rng3.Value2 = this.txt03.Text.Trim();


            Excel.Range rng4 = xSheet.get_Range("D1", Missing.Value);
            rng4.Value2 = this.txt04.Text.Trim();

            xBook.Save();

            xApp.Quit();

A1,B1,C1,D1就是Excel里面的单元格坐标，这个根据要求可以任意更改，
Excel操作完成之后务必要将其退出来，不然服务器上面Excel的进程会
越来越多。

三.将WinForm里面DataGridView的数据导出到Excel里面。
该实例将所有的数据放到一个数组里面，然后再从数组里面导入到Excel，在速度上确实挺快的，
直接从DataGridView里面导入的话10000条数据大约要1分钟左右，但是从数组里面导出去的话
只有2秒钟不到的样子。

if (this.dataGridView1.Rows.Count > 0)
            {
                DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;               //导出Excel表时间
                string title = "XXX报表  导出时间：" + dt.ToString(); //excel表头
                Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application ep = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.ApplicationClass();
                ep.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);

                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").MergeCells = true;   //合并第一行



                ep.Cells[1, 1] = title;                       //Excel添加表头到第一个单元格
                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").MergeCells = true;   //合并第一行
                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").HorizontalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignLeft; //表头居左
                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").Font.Name = "宋体";    //设置字体
                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").Font.Bold = true;

                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").Font.Size = 15;        //文字大小
                ep.get_Range("A1", "Z1").RowHeight = 35;        //设置标题行高

                //列标题设置（字段，Excel表的第二行，从dataGridView1字段中获取）
                for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
                {
                    ep.Cells[2, i] = dataGridView1.Columns[i - 1].HeaderText.ToString();
                }

                ep.get_Range("A2", "Z2").Font.Name = "宋体";    //设置字体
                ep.get_Range("A2", "Z2").Font.Bold = true;      //字体加粗
                ep.get_Range("A2", "Z2").Font.Size = 10;        //文字大小
                ep.get_Range("A2", "Z2").RowHeight = 20;        //设置标题行高


                int rowCount = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; i++)    //统计dataGridView1有效行
                {
                    if (dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[0].Value.ToString() == "")
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        rowCount++;
                    }

                }

                string[,] dataArray = new string[rowCount, 5];
                for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
                    {
                        dataArray[i, j] = dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[j].Value.ToString();
                    }
                }

                ep.get_Range("A3", ep.Cells[rowCount + 2, 5]).Value2 = dataArray;     //填充数据
                ep.get_Range("A2", ep.Cells[rowCount + 2, 2]).WrapText = true;      //设置文字自动换行
                ep.get_Range("A2", ep.Cells[rowCount + 2, 5]).Font.Size = 10;       //字体大小设置
                string strRange = "2:" + Convert.ToString(rowCount + 2);
                ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)ep.Rows[strRange, System.Type.Missing]).RowHeight = 40;   //所有行高为40      
                ep.get_Range("A2", ep.Cells[rowCount + 2, 2 + 5]).EntireColumn.AutoFit();
                ep.get_Range("A2", ep.Cells[rowCount + 2, 5]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;

                SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1 = new SaveFileDialog();
                saveFileDialog1.FileName = DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime().ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
                saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "xls";

                saveFileDialog1.Filter = " Excel files(*.xls)|*.xls|All files(*.*)|*.*";
                saveFileDialog1.Title = "保存数据";
                saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex = 2;
                saveFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = true;

                if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
                {
                    ep.Workbooks[1].SaveAs(saveFileDialog1.FileName, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
                }
                ep.Workbooks.Close();
                ep.Quit();

                MessageBox.Show(DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime().ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss") + "的资料保存成功", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("没有可导出数据");
            }

 

四.将后台数据转换为图表格式

using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
 Excel.Application ThisApplication = null;
Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;
Excel._Workbook ThisWorkbook = null;
Excel.Worksheet xlSheet = null;



  string strCon = @"server=sql2008;database=exceldb;uid=sa;pwd=123123";
        private void FrmChart_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(strCon);
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            con.Open();
            SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb_02", con);
            da.Fill(ds, "tb_02");
            this.dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
            con.Close();


           
        }


   private void CreateDatasheet()
        {
            xlSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)ThisWorkbook.
                Worksheets.Add(Type.Missing, ThisWorkbook.ActiveSheet,
                Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

            xlSheet.Name = "DataList";
        }



        private void CreateData()
        {           
            for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++)
            {
                xlSheet.Cells[i, 1] = dataGridView1.Rows[i - 1].Cells[1].Value.ToString();
                xlSheet.Cells[i, 2] = dataGridView1.Rows[i-1].Cells[4].Value.ToString();
            }
        }


 private void btnCreateChart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                ThisApplication = new Excel.Application();
                m_objBooks = (Excel.Workbooks)ThisApplication.Workbooks;
                ThisWorkbook = (Excel._Workbook)(m_objBooks.Add(Type.Missing));
                ThisApplication.DisplayAlerts = false;                
                this.CreateDatasheet();
                this.CreateData();
                CreateChart();

                ThisWorkbook.SaveAs(@"C:\TEST.xls", Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
                            Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,
                        Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                ThisWorkbook.Close(Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
                ThisApplication.Workbooks.Close();

                ThisApplication.Quit();
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ThisWorkbook);
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ThisApplication);
                ThisWorkbook = null;
                ThisApplication = null;
                GC.Collect();
                this.Close();
            }


        }




 private void CreateChart()
{
Excel.Chart xlChart = (Excel.Chart)ThisWorkbook.Charts.
Add(Type.Missing, xlSheet, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

Excel.Range cellRange = (Excel.Range)xlSheet.Cells[1, 1];
xlChart.ChartWizard(cellRange.CurrentRegion,
Excel.XlChartType.xl3DColumn, Type.Missing,
Excel.XlRowCol.xlColumns, 1, 0, true,
"Prod OutPut", "Month", "OutPut","");

xlChart.Name = "Chart";

Excel.ChartGroup grp = (Excel.ChartGroup)xlChart.ChartGroups(1);
grp.GapWidth = 20;
grp.VaryByCategories = true;

Excel.Series s = (Excel.Series)grp.SeriesCollection(1);
s.BarShape = XlBarShape.xlCylinder;
s.HasDataLabels = true;

xlChart.Legend.Position = XlLegendPosition.xlLegendPositionTop;
xlChart.ChartTitle.Font.Size = 24;
xlChart.ChartTitle.Shadow = true;
xlChart.ChartTitle.Border.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

Excel.Axis valueAxis = (Excel.Axis)xlChart.Axes(Excel.XlAxisType.xlValue, XlAxisGroup.xlPrimary);
valueAxis.AxisTitle.Orientation = -90;

Excel.Axis categoryAxis = (Excel.Axis)xlChart.Axes(Excel.XlAxisType.xlCategory, XlAxisGroup.xlPrimary);

}

有一些关键代码来自网络，自己加以整理后得出。大家有更好的经验可以奉献一下，大家互相学习！

完整的Demo：Excel Demo

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