C#中操作IIS7.0

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Microsoft自Windows Vista一起发布了IIS 7.0，这个已经是去年的话题了，随后，由.NET开发的Web程序便逐步从IIS 6.0过渡到IIS 7.0上了。IIS 7.0提供了很多比上一版本更多的新特性，包括完全模块化的组件、文本文件的配置功能、MMC图形模式管理工具等等，并且与.NET编程语言结合得更加紧密了，在新添加的Microsoft.Web.Administration名称空间中也增加了很多用于管理和访问IIS的对象，从而使得通过编程方式操作IIS更加简便。

虽然在IIS 6.0时代我们也可以非常轻松地通过C#来管理服务器的IIS，但相对来说，现在需要编写的代码更少，所能完成的功能更强。以下是我在曾经做的一个项目中所写的一个类库中的一部分，主要实现了对IIS 7.0的操作，包括创建和删除站点、创建和删除虚拟目录、创建和删除应用程序池、添加站点默认文档、判断站点和虚拟目录是否存在、以及检查Bindings信息等。

首先是对站点的管理。我写了一个相对较为通用的私有方法，然后在对外的方法中给出了调用接口，包括了创建站点时应用程序池的创建和权限的管理。

CreateSite
/// <summary>
/// Create a new web site.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="siteName"></param>
/// <param name="bindingInfo">"*:<port>:<hostname>" <example>"*:80:myhost.com"</example></param>
/// <param name="physicalPath"></param>
public static void CreateSite(string siteName, string bindingInfo,
string physicalPath)
{
    createSite(siteName, "http", bindingInfo, physicalPath, true,
siteName + "Pool", ProcessModelIdentityType.NetworkService, null, null, ManagedPipelineMode.Integrated, null);
}

private static void createSite(string siteName, string protocol,
string bindingInformation, string physicalPath,
        bool createAppPool, string appPoolName,
ProcessModelIdentityType identityType,
        string appPoolUserName, string appPoolPassword,
ManagedPipelineMode appPoolPipelineMode, string
managedRuntimeVersion)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        Site site = mgr.Sites.Add(siteName, protocol,
bindingInformation, physicalPath);

        // PROVISION APPPOOL IF NEEDED
        if (createAppPool)
        {
            ApplicationPool pool = mgr.ApplicationPools.Add
(appPoolName);
            if (pool.ProcessModel.IdentityType != identityType)
            {
                pool.ProcessModel.IdentityType = identityType;
            }
            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(appPoolUserName))
            {
                pool.ProcessModel.UserName = appPoolUserName;
                pool.ProcessModel.Password = appPoolPassword;
            }
            if (appPoolPipelineMode != pool.ManagedPipelineMode)
            {
                pool.ManagedPipelineMode = appPoolPipelineMode;
            }

            site.Applications["/"].ApplicationPoolName = pool.Name;
        }

        mgr.CommitChanges();
    }
}

这个是删除站点的方法，比较简单。

DeleteSite
/// <summary>
/// Delete an existent web site.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="siteName">Site name.</param>
public static void DeleteSite(string siteName)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        Site site = mgr.Sites[siteName];
        if (site != null)
        {
            mgr.Sites.Remove(site);
            mgr.CommitChanges();
        }
    }
}

后是对虚拟目录的操作，包括创建和删除虚拟目录，都比较简单。

CreateVDir
public static void CreateVDir(string siteName, string vDirName,
string physicalPath)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        Site site = mgr.Sites[siteName];
        if (site == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException(String.Format
("Web site {0} does not exist", siteName));
        }
        site.Applications.Add("/" + vDirName, physicalPath);
        mgr.CommitChanges();
    }
}

DeleteVDir
public static void DeleteVDir(string siteName, string vDirName)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        Site site = mgr.Sites[siteName];
        if (site != null)
        {
            Microsoft.Web.Administration.Application app =
site.Applications["/" + vDirName];
            if (app != null)
            {
                site.Applications.Remove(app);
                mgr.CommitChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}

删除应用程序池。

DeletePool
/// <summary>
/// Delete an existent web site app pool.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="appPoolName">
App pool name for deletion.</param>
public static void DeletePool(string appPoolName)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        ApplicationPool pool = mgr.ApplicationPools[appPoolName];
        if (pool != null)
        {
            mgr.ApplicationPools.Remove(pool);
            mgr.CommitChanges();
        }
    }
}

在站点上添加默认文档。

AddDefaultDocument
public static void AddDefaultDocument
(string siteName, string defaultDocName)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        Configuration cfg = mgr.GetWebConfiguration
(siteName);
        ConfigurationSection defaultDocumentSection = cfg.GetSection("system.webServer/defaultDocument");
        ConfigurationElement filesElement =
defaultDocumentSection.GetChildElement("files");
        ConfigurationElementCollection filesCollection =
filesElement.GetCollection();

        foreach (ConfigurationElement elt in filesCollection)
        {
            if (elt.Attributes["value"].Value.ToString() ==
defaultDocName)
            {
                return;
            }
        }

        try
        {
            ConfigurationElement docElement =
filesCollection.CreateElement();
            docElement.SetAttributeValue("value", defaultDocName);
            filesCollection.Add(docElement);
        }
        catch (Exception) { }   //this will fail if existing

        mgr.CommitChanges();
    }
}

检查虚拟目录是否存在。

VerifyVirtualPathIsExist
public static bool VerifyVirtualPathIsExist(string siteName, string path)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        Site site = mgr.Sites[siteName];
        if (site != null)
        {
            foreach (Microsoft.Web.Administration.Application app in site.Applications)
            {
                if (app.Path.ToUpper().Equals(path.ToUpper()))
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return false;
}

检查站点是否存在。

VerifyWebSiteIsExist
public static bool VerifyWebSiteIsExist(string siteName)
{
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < mgr.Sites.Count; i++)
        {
            if (mgr.Sites[i].Name.ToUpper().Equals(siteName.ToUpper()))
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
    }

    return false;
}

检查Bindings信息。

VerifyWebSiteBindingsIsExist
public static bool VerifyWebSiteBindingsIsExist(string bindingInfo)
{
    string temp = string.Empty;
    using (ServerManager mgr = new ServerManager())
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < mgr.Sites.Count; i++)
        {
            foreach (Microsoft.Web.Administration.Binding b in mgr.Sites[i].Bindings)
            {
                temp = b.BindingInformation;
                if (temp.IndexOf('*') < 0)
                {
                    temp = "*" + temp;
                }
                if (temp.Equals(bindingInfo))
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return false;
}

以上代码均在Windows Vista SP1和Windows Server 2008上测试通过，使用时需要在工程中引用Microsoft.Web.Administration类库，该类库为IIS 7.0自带的。