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Create groups and users
[root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd oinstall [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd dba [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd oper [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd backupdba [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd dgdba [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd kmdba [root@vmdb12c ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle [root@vmdb12c ~]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@vmdb12c ~]# id oracle uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba),503(oper),504(backupdba),505(dgdba),506(kmdba)
[root@vmdb12c yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo --2013-09-01 14:05:42-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 137.254.56.43 Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|137.254.56.43|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 2778 (2.7K) [text/plain] Saving to: “public-yum-ol6.repo.3” 100%[===========================================================================================================================================================================================>] 2,778 --.-K/s in 0s 2013-09-01 14:05:42 (280 MB/s) - “public-yum-ol6.repo.3” saved [2778/2778] [root@vmdb12c ~]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-8.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed ---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed ---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-19.el6_4.4 will be installed ---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall x86_64 1.0-8.el6 ol6_latest 15 k Installing for dependencies: compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 ol6_latest 17 k compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 ol6_latest 183 k ksh x86_64 20100621-19.el6_4.4 ol6_latest 686 k libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 ol6_latest 13 k Transaction Summary ===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 5 Package(s) Total download size: 913 k Installed size: 2.4 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/5): compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00 (2/5): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:01 (3/5): ksh-20100621-19.el6_4.4.x86_64.rpm | 686 kB 00:02 (4/5): libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00 (5/5): oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64.rpm | 15 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 163 kB/s | 913 kB 00:05 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Retrieving key from http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 Importing GPG key 0xEC551F03: Userid: "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) <[email protected]>" From : http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : ksh-20100621-19.el6_4.4.x86_64 1/5 Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 2/5 Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 3/5 Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 4/5 Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 5/5 Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 1/5 Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 2/5 Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 3/5 Verifying : oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 4/5 Verifying : ksh-20100621-19.el6_4.4.x86_64 5/5 Installed: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-8.el6 Dependency Installed: compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-19.el6_4.4 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 Complete!
[root@vmdb12c ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744 fs.file-max = 6815744 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128' kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
[root@vmdb12c ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf |grep -v ^# oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768
[root@vmdb12c ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf # Default limit for number of user's processes to prevent # accidental fork bombs. # See rhbz #432903 for reasoning. #* soft nproc 1024 * - nproc 16384 root soft nproc unlimited
[root@vmdb12c ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle [root@vmdb12c ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app [root@vmdb12c ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01
alias ls="ls -FA" ORACLE_SID=zwc; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_UNQNAME=zwc; export ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11 NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib export CLASSPATH THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG export TEMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=/tmp umask 022
Installation
Create Database
[oracle@vmdb12c admin]$ sqlplus system/[email protected]:1527/zwc SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Sep 1 14:59:14 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Last Successful login time: Sun Sep 01 2013 14:58:52 +08:00 Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 ZHONGWC1 READ WRITE NO 4 ZHONGWC2 READ WRITE NO SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options [oracle@vmdb12c admin]$ sqlplus system/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc1 SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Sep 1 14:59:20 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Last Successful login time: Sun Sep 01 2013 14:58:58 +08:00 Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 3 ZHONGWC1 READ WRITE NO SQL> alter session set container=zhongwc2; Session altered. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 4 ZHONGWC2 READ WRITE NO SQL> create user zwc identified by zwcpwd; User created. SQL> grant dba to zwc; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn zwc/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc1 ERROR: ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE. SQL> conn zwc/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc2 Connected. SQL>
C:\>sqlplus zwc/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc2 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on 星期日 9月 1 15:03:48 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show user USER 为 "ZWC" SQL>
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